Richard phillips feynman (191May 081-1February 0988 15), a famous American physicist, won the Nobel Prize in physics for his achievements in quantum electrodynamics.

all one's life

Feynman was born in May 19 181Kloc-0/in a Jewish family of Russian immigrants in Fallowway, Queens, new york, USA.

1935 entered the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and studied mathematics first, then physics. 1939 graduated, and the graduation thesis was published in Physis. Rev., there is a quantum mechanical formula named after him.

From June 65438 to September 0939, I worked as a graduate student of J.Wheeler at Princeton University, and devoted myself to studying the difficult problem of quantum mechanics: divergence difficulty. 194 1 year, Feynman married Arlene Greenebaum. 1June, 942, received a doctorate in theoretical physics from Princeton University.

1943 entered los Alamos national laboratory and participated in Manhattan project.

1June, 945, Feynman's first wife Arlene died. In the same year, Feynman began to teach at Cornell University. 195 1 year to Caltech. During the period of Caltech, Caltech was very popular with students because of its humorous and vivid teaching style.

1965 Feynman won the Nobel Prize in Physics Julian. Schwinge and Asanaga Ichiro because of his contribution to quantum electrodynamics.

1986, Feynman was entrusted to investigate the crash of the space shuttle Challenger, and proved the cause of the accident with a glass of ice water and a rubber ring in Congress.

Feynman died of cancer on February 1988.

[major achievements]

Feynman developed the method of expressing quantum amplitude by path integral in the 1940s, and put forward a new theoretical form, calculation method and renormalization method of quantum electrodynamics in 1948, thus avoiding the divergence difficulty in quantum electrodynamics. At present, Feynman amplitude, Feynman propagator and Feynman rule in quantum field theory are all named after his surname.

Feynman diagram was first proposed by Feynman in the late 1940s. It is used to describe the interaction between fields and can simply reflect the essence of the process. Feynman diagram has long been widely used and is still the basic expression of electromagnetic interaction in physics. It has changed the way of conceptualization and mathematicization of physical processes.

Feynman always studies physics in his own unique way. He is not limited by Schrodinger wave function and Heisenberg matrix, and independently puts forward the temporal and spatial description of transition amplitude to deal with the probability problem. Based on the basic assumption of probability amplitude superposition, he used the expression of action quantity to add the amplitudes of all possible paths from one time point to another. This method is simple and clear and becomes the third expression of quantum mechanics.

1968, Feynman proposed a hadron structure model in high-energy collisions based on the deep inelastic scattering experiment of electrons and the scale independence of J.D.Bjorken. The model holds that hadrons are composed of many point particles, which are called partons. Parton model successfully explained the phenomenon of high-energy experiments. He can well describe the deep inelastic scattering of lepton to nucleon, electron pair annihilation, hadron and high-energy hadron scattering and other high-energy processes, and gradually enrich the physical images of hadron structure in explaining these processes.

In addition to his outstanding contribution to quantum electrodynamics, Feynman also established a mathematical theory to solve the phenomenon of liquid helium superfluidity. Later, he and Morey gherman did some basic work in the field of weak interaction, such as β decay. Feynman put forward the straton model of high-energy proton collision process, which played an important role in the development of quark theory.

Feynman has a special ability to express complex ideas in simple language, which makes him an effective educator. Among the numerous awards he won, 1972 was particularly proud of the Alceste Education Medal. Feynman Lectures on Physics, originally published at 1962, was praised by Scientific American: "Although this textbook is profound, it is rich in content and enlightening. After 25 years of publication, it has become a study guide for lecturers, professors and outstanding students in the lower grades. " Feynman himself wrote in the preface: "The main purpose of my teaching is not to help you cope with the exam, nor to help you serve industry or national defense. What I want to do most is to let you appreciate this wonderful world and the way physics observes it. "

In order to promote the general public's understanding of physics, Feynman wrote Characteristics of Physical Laws and Quantum Electrodynamics: Strange Theory of Light and Matter. At the same time, many advanced professional papers and works have been published, which have become classic documents and teaching materials for researchers and students.

Feynman is also a constructive public figure. 1986, after Challenger crashed, Feynman made a famous O-ring demonstration experiment, and only used a glass of ice water and a rubber ring to reveal to the public in Congress the fundamental reason for Challenger's crash-rubber lost its elasticity at low temperature. In the 1960s, Feynman also worked hard in the California Curriculum Design Committee to oppose the mediocrity of textbooks.

As a physicist, at different times in his life, he was also a radio repairman, a master of cracking security codes, an artist, a dancer, a tambourine player and a decipherer of Mayan hieroglyphs. Among the anecdotes widely circulated, he often chats with strippers and gamblers in Las Vegas, which is the most interesting. His world is full of curiosity and he is a typical empiricist.

Feynman often makes shocking remarks, such as the following two famous words:

"Physics is to mathematics what sex is to masturbation." ("Physics is to mathematics what sex is to masturbation." )

"Physics is like sex: of course, it may give some practical results, but that's not why we do it." Physics is similar to sex: yes, it may produce some tangible results, but that's not our original intention. )

Physics works

* elementary particles and laws of physics: 1986 dirac memory lecture notes

* Feynman's lecture on physics.

Feynman Lecture on Physics (not written by Feynman himself, edited according to Feynman's lecture in California Institute of Technology from September 196 1 May 1963) is an excerpt from this book. It has three volumes, 1964 and 1966.

* quantum electrodynamics ISBN 0-8053-250 1-8

QED: Strange Theory of Light and Matter

* ISBN of Statistical Mechanics 0-8053-2509-3

* Process Theory Basis ISBN 0-8053-2507-7

* Quantum Mechanics and Path Integration (co-authored with Albert Hibbs) ISBN 0-070-20650-3.

* gravity lecture1995 ISBN 0-201-62734-5

* Calculation handout ISBN 020 14899 10

Feynman's last lecture: the sun's planet ISBN 009736217

* Feynman processor? : quantum entanglement and computational revolution ISBN 0-7382-0173-1

A book for the public.

* the beauty of physics (characteristics of physical laws)

* Quantum electrodynamics (Q.E.D: Strange Theory of Light and Matter)

* Do you care what others think? )

* Stop it, Mr Feynman! )ISBN 0-393-0 192 1-7

* This unscientific era (the meaning of all this: the thought of a citizen scientist! Poerxiusi Publishing House. (Paperback ISBN 073820 1669)

* The joy of discovery

* QED and its creators: Dyson, Feynman, Schwinge, Asano Ichiro (Princeton Physics Series) (Silvan S. Schweber).