Capitalism

In everything you do, you must first consider yourself personally, regardless of the overall situation, and only focus on self-interest.

Badism may occur in the management by objectives in enterprise management.

But there is a classic discussion in Mao Zedong's "Eight Parts of the Opposition Party"

Empiricism

Empiricism usually refers to the belief in modern scientific methods and the belief that theories should be based on Observation of things, rather than intuition or superstition. This means that experimental research followed by theoretical derivation is better than pure logical reasoning.

The opposite of empiricism is European rationalism. The representative figure is Descartes. According to rationalism, philosophy should reach conclusions through thinking and deductive reasoning. Representatives of empiricism include Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas, Thomas Hobbes, Francis Bacon, John Locke, George Berkeley and David Hume.

Empiricism usually appears as an adjective together with science (natural science and social science), and is used to indicate making judgments through subjective assumptions rather than through observation and experiment.