Liu Bei met with Kong Ming-even worse.

People often say: "There is no general in Shu, and Liao Hua is the pioneer." It is said that there were no good generals in Shu in the late Three Kingdoms period, which led to the embarrassing situation that Liao Hua, with weak ability, could only act as a pioneer. It is generally believed that there are two main reasons for this: one is fatuity and incompetence, and the other is the geographical location of Shu.

And I think the reason why there are no generals in Shu has been lurking in the early days. I think there are no generals in Shu, mainly in the following aspects:

Let's first review how Liu Bei recruited talents in the early days of the Three Kingdoms. In the early days (before going to Xinye), Liu Bei's talent mainly depended on two aspects. One is that military commanders take refuge in themselves, such as Zhao Yun, Zhou Cang and Xu Shu. The second is to attract talents from other forces, mainly from Tao Qian, such as Mi Zhu, Mi Fang and Liao Hua. But Liu Bei recruited very few talents himself, so to speak, none.

In the middle period (after Zhuge Liang came and before Liu Bei got Yizhou), Liu Bei mainly worked hard in Jingzhou. During this period, Liu Bei basically got all the talents and celebrities in Jingzhou, but these people were not found by Liu Bei himself, some took refuge, and some were found by Zhuge Liang and others. But they all have one thing in common, that is, these people are well-known in the local area, or their parents or themselves have been officials.

In the later period (after Yizhou), the talents recruited by Liu Bei turned from prosperity to decline. After Liu Zhang obtained the vast majority of generals and talents, the talents recruited by Liu Bei entered a rather dull period, and no good generals were recruited until the demise of Shu Han. Therefore, Liu Bei did not take the initiative to look for talents among the people, which led to the fact that Shu could not get a general at all. Liu Bei is like this, not to mention his son Liu Chan?

Second, the disadvantages of the employment system in Shu. Look at the Shu-Han War in Jiang Wei's period and the descendants of some generals in Liu Bei's period, such as Fu Qian, the son of Fu Tong, Guan Tong, the son of Guan Xing and so on. , emerged from the Shu camp, but there are no generals from ordinary people. The direct cause of this situation is the headstrong attitude of Zhuge Liang and Jiang Wei.

In fact, Shu also has excellent generals, and everyone has a feeling when playing the game of the Three Kingdoms. Li Yan, a demon in the Ten Kingdoms, has an average ability of more than 80 except charm. Zhuge Liang once boasted that he was Lu Xun of Shu. During the Northern Expedition, Zhuge Liang demoted him to Shu Ren because the soldiers' food was not delivered in time. Wei Yan, a valiant soldier, Zhuge Liang insisted that he was rebellious. After Zhuge Liang's death, you let Ma Dai sneak behind his back. Luo Xian, brave, resourceful and gentle, can be said to be a rare general at the end of Shu, but Jiang Wei just didn't need him, but let him guard Yong 'an City. This shows that, in their eyes, only people with hard background and good reputation can be officials, and those with ability but no background can not be promoted at all.

On the other hand, Xu Zhu and Dian Wei were accidentally discovered by Cao Cao in Wei Chu. Later, from a soldier to a general step by step, Du Yu was the son of a small official, and these people were indispensable figures in Wei State. In this respect, Wei knows how to find outstanding talents among ordinary people and small officials. He can know people and be good at their duties, laying a unified foundation.

If Shu can find talents at the grassroots level or among ordinary people, the country's demise will be endless. At first, it would take more than ten years or even decades for Wei to destroy Shu.

There are also many generals in the late Three Kingdoms, such as Jiang Wei, Wargo, Zhong Hui, Xinmeile Co., Ltd., Cao Zhen, Ma Dai and Lu Xun. In Romance, Cao Cao, Guan Yu and Zhuge Liang were mainly written, and Zhuge Liang was the only one left in the later period, so we focused on him. There are still many capable people in history.

3. A person's life is long, but it is short when he is faced with the choice of which road to take at the crossroads of life. Such life choices are rarely encountered several times, but the choices made at every moment are often decisive to life. It is difficult to choose: first, it is difficult to determine the future. Yang Zhu's sad road, Ruan Ji's crying for poverty, all bemoan the confusion of life's future choice. Second, complicated social relations, interest balance and value orientation restrict people's determination. Xu Shu entered Cao Cao without saying anything. This two-part allegorical saying is often used to describe people who don't talk and don't work hard, but they are slightly dissatisfied. Although it is here, it is really outside the circle. This sentence actually reflects the complex logical relationship of silence when people are embarrassed. Xu Shu is painful, and this pain is the result of his own choice. He was forced to take such an impassable road. He has unspeakable sufferings and can't blame others. This story comes from Romance of the Three Kingdoms: Xu Shu, the counselor, has been wandering and struggling for many years. After Liu Bei came to Jingzhou, he recruited talents and became a German corporal, which was very famous. When Xu Shu went to defect, he was not only taken in, but also entrusted with an important task. After Cao Cao invaded Jingzhou and robbed Xu Shu's mother, Xu Shu had to bid farewell to Liu Bei and go to Cao Ying.

This description of the novel is wonderful and human. The most obvious thing is to combine human feelings with politics. Through the comings and goings of Xu Shu, it is revealed that Cao Cao tried all means to recruit talents from all over the world, showing that Liu Beisi was eager to love talents and respected people's choices, and would never be forced. Liu Bei's reluctance on the way to bid farewell to Xu Shu has written Liu Bei's love for talents to the extreme, which makes people lament.

Xu Shu in the novel is not a dispensable supporting role, but an important prelude to rendering Zhuge Liang's appearance. It was he who led to the image of prime minister admired by China people for two thousand years. Historically, Xu Shu often interacted with Zhuge Liang and Meng. The so-called "cherish innocence" and "heroes love heroes" were all talents at that time. He is not an ordinary person if he can get along with Gao Shi's talent. Unfortunately, a glorious page has been left in history, and he has been unknown except for a brief flash in Jingzhou. The lesson of road choice is so profound that future generations can ignore the importance of life choice? There is no biography in the history of Xu Shu, but a few words have been added to Zhuge Liang's biography, totaling 133 words. "Cui and Yingchuan of Boling are straightforward and friendly." "When Xu Shu met his late master, he took charge first, saying that his late master said: Zhu Gekongming, Wolong, the general didn't want to comment? The late Lord said, "Come with me. Shu Yue: This man can see it, but he can't give in. The general should be in charge. " Cao Cao invaded Jingzhou, and Liu Beinan fled to "Liang and Xu Shu". He was chased by Tsao Kung and got a concubine. I said to my predecessor, pointing to his heart, "I want to work with the general for enterprises in Wang Ba so that I can take this square inch of land." . Now that I've lost my mother, I'm a mess and useless. Please leave me now. I am interested in Cao Gong. "The reflection is a classic in historical records. Chen Shou's history is extremely refined and vivid, but it is rich in connotation and information. It can be seen from here that Xu Shu has extraordinary talent, which was affirmed by Liu Bei. And "qi" is generally not considered as an excellent evaluation, but as a confidant's admiration. It didn't take long for him to get such high attention, which shows that he has good intentions, is good at communication and operation, and is a senior talent; It is Xu Shu's masterpiece in organizing personnel work to recommend the genius Zhuge Liang to Liu Bei. Although Liu Bei loves talents, it is not easy for him to get this battle-hardened commander-in-chief to pay full attention to a 27-year-old unknown young man. Xu Shu must say that he is highly intelligent. Unfortunately, the historical biography has left no material in this respect, only a little trace. The high evaluation of the word "Wolong Ye" really prepared Liu Bei psychologically and laid a solid foundation for Liu Bei to reuse Kong Ming. Prejudices are inevitable for anyone. Both opposites speak ill of your superiors and disgust you. Everything you do later will be greatly discounted, good things will only get six or seven points, and bad things will generally be regarded as seven or eight points. On the contrary, having friends put in a good word for you has a decisive influence. Of course, you have to rely on your own real skills. But if preconceptions bring opportunities, you will be as successful as an eagle and you will show your true colors as a hero. How comfortable! How many times can you decide your destiny in life? Xu Shu's most important contribution to society is to let Kong Ming appreciate Liu Bei. Xu Shu planned Kong Ming's way out of the mountain, and invited princes in their fifties to condescend to invite young people up the mountain. It's not that Xu Shu couldn't make such bold suggestions: he suggested that a great talent like Zhuge Liang should not be "humbled" and let others call him casually, but "ignore his driving" and go out and invite him himself. Without such a great hero as Liu Bei, there would never have been such a pioneering work as a virtuous corporal, and without superhuman talent, Zhuge Liang would not have left the eternal story of "visiting the thatched cottage". But all this happened by no means by accident, but based on Xu Shu's contacts with Zhuge Liang for many years, his profound understanding of his friends, and Liu Bei's experience of loving talents and making good use of them. Without Xu Shu's recommendation, I'm afraid history will appear in another way.

The most regrettable thing is that Xu Shu, in a good situation, is blessed by wise men and accompanied by good friends. Gentleman's meritorious service will benefit everyone in the world, and he is about to set sail. He will also write a brilliant stroke in history. At this time, he withdrew from the historical stage prematurely and walked into the door of loneliness and helplessness. Because his mother was captured by Cao Cao, he was forced by public pressure to bid farewell to Liu Bei for Cao Ying. In the Han Dynasty, filial piety was emphasized. Although some people like Kong Rong say that a son is just a bottle to his mother and what a father should do to his son is anti-feudal ethics, most people still strictly abide by the feudal ethics of filial piety, and Xu Shu is no exception. He's in pain. It is not easy to meet a monarch who is obedient to him like Liu Bei. The important condition of Wang Ba's career is to gain his high trust. If you leave Liu Bei, can you meet another monarch and realize your life ideal? This possibility can be basically ruled out. But Cao Cao kidnapped his mother and threatened him to surrender. It would be dangerous for him not to go to her. This is a complete dilemma. Xu Shu is in a mess, and he urgently needs to take a long-term view and consider it slowly. In the end, he chose to vote for Cao. People's fate is often one or two steps away. If you take a step from left to right at the intersection, the result will be different. Xu Shu's mistake was that he chose the country, society or family when loyalty and filial piety could not be taken into account. He chose his family. In the novel, he criticized his choice, accusing him of not choosing to serve the country and the people and not arguing whether it is true or not. He has been floating in society for so many years in vain. Maybe I didn't say that, but later social ethics demanded that loyalty and filial piety should not be taken into account, and loyalty to the monarch should be the first. Luo Guanzhong made the final judgment through Xu's mouth.

Prior to this, Xu Shu had a crossroads choice in life. At that time, he chose the right lifestyle. "Wei Lue" contains "Ordinary fame comes first, this single family, less good at Ren Xia fencing. After arriving in Zhong Ping, he tasted the taste of revenge for others, and chalk dust suddenly appeared and was sent away for the income of officials. He asked his last name and kept silent. The official stood on the pillar of the car, beating gongs and drums to make the city famous. He didn't dare to admit it, but his party member had been usurped and removed. So I was grateful, abandoned the halberd and put on a towel, which saved my knowledge. " Xu Shu was originally from a poor family, and he was the most prosperous in the Han Dynasty, otherwise he had no position. The author of Romance of the Three Kingdoms interprets "Shan Jiazi" as the son of a single family, thus inventing the name Fu Shan. The author Luo Guanzhong and the reviser Mao Zonggang are both great scholars. They shouldn't make such mistakes, because they are looking for meaningful words, which has led to mistakes for hundreds of years. ("Wei Lue" also contains "Xia Xue is metaphysical, Tianshui people are also knowledgeable. In Tianshui, the old surnames such as Jiang, Yan, Ren and so on were often pushed to the county, and in summer, they were single families, not for surrender. " This is the same example. ) Xu Shu was a slut when he was young. Ren Xia's fencing is equivalent to today's friendly, fist-waving advocates, and it is equivalent to a little fun in Beijing's three Qing Zi and Tianjin. Revenge for my brother. Killed someone on impulse. He simply put on his costume, had long hair, turned white and ran away. In this way, anyone can conclude that there is a problem at a glance, so it was quickly caught by the government. He was taciturn and stiff during the trial, and was later robbed by his partner when he was identified in public. It's a shame to be recognized as a thief for what you usually do when you encounter great disasters. By this great change, he woke up at this moment, so he repented, started from scratch, studied hard and became famous. This choice is undoubtedly correct.

Xu Shu went to Cao Cao's place, and both novels and history said that it was because Xu's mother was there. In fact, it is not excluded that in the battle of Jingzhou, in the face of Cao Cao's strong military pressure, most people in Liu Biao Group voted for Cao Cao. Although Liu Bei Group insists that the resistance against Cao Ke is too weak to win the decisive battle and the future is unpredictable, it is safer to vote for Cao Cao. At that time, Cao Cao rewarded Jingzhou scholars for gathering people's hearts. Cunning Cao Cao said insincerely: I don't like Jingzhou, I like it. A word immediately touched Jingzhou scholars. "Wei Lue" said: "Jingzhou has been attached, followed by Kong Ming and Liu Bei, and Fu (Xu Shu) and Tao () came to the north." I didn't say why I went to the north. This seems to be just a personal choice. Several friends took different paths. Xu Shu and Shi Guangyuan went to find Cao Cao, and Kongming followed Liu Bei alone. No one will be optimistic about Liu Bei, but the support in trouble will make people pay more attention to it, and success is the founding hero; The icing on the cake when the power is strong, the value will be greatly reduced, and it can only be a decoration at best. Kong Ming was the first minister when he was prime minister, and Xu Shu was just a "right corps commander, an imperial envoy" and a third-rate position in Wei. Even Zhuge Liang can't see the past. "When Zhuge Liang left Longyou, he heard that Yuan Zhi and Guangyuan were officials and sighed," Shu Wei is evil! Why don't they use it? " It can also be seen from here that the official he did was not commensurate with his talents, and it also revealed a little information that they went voluntarily and wanted to develop their own business there.

4. Give an example to analyze why Zhuge Liang and Zhao Yun didn't vote for Cao Cao.

To quote a friend, "Zhao Yun's career in Cao Cao may be better! Cao Cao cherishes talents more than other monarchs, for example, Chang Banpo told the sergeant not to shoot arrows (meaning to capture Zhao Yun alive). Otherwise zhaoyun basic difficult to break through. Zhao Yun gave Wei Jun Group more chances to unify the army (with his ability). Cao Cao chose people regardless of their backgrounds (for example, Dian Wei was only a captain under Xia Houdun, and Zhang Liao was only a capitulator under Lu Bu, but both of them could be reused by Cao Cao). The ability to unify the troops is also gradually tempered in actual combat. Who is born to join forces to fight or watch Sun Tzu's Art of War to fight? They are all learned in practice. All in all, Liu Bei gave Zhao Yun a little less chance! "

However, Cao Cao's account is full of talents, assisted by a large number of good ministers.

This is exactly why Zhuge Liang chose Liu Bei instead of Cao Cao (I don't think Cao Cao will refuse to accept his fame in Wolong)

After the pig voted for Liu Bei, he became his strategist and took over the military power. If he votes for Cao Cao, his position will not be better than that of Yu Xun, Xun You, Jia Xu and Cheng Yu.

If Zhao Yunru wants to vote for Cao Cao, Cao Cao's account is full of relatives and friends, with Coss, Cao Hong, Xiahou Xiahou Yuan and Hubei coming to Dian Wei in front, followed by Chu Xu. Plus Zhang Liao, Huang Xu, Zhang He, Pound and others (Pound was later, and Zhang of Cao Sima's family, etc. )

There are even a bunch of people, such as Le Jin Li Dian, who are not as talented as Zhao Yun, but they are older than him. When Cao Cao started fighting, they followed him. I think Zhao Yun may have a chance to lead the troops when he goes to Cao Cao. After all, Cao Cao has many soldiers, but Zhao Yun's position under Cao Cao and Liu Bei cannot be equated. At least Cao Cao's Iliad will never have him.

Liu Bei lives under Cao Cao, which shows that Liu Bei can bend and stretch. As for the others, what do you think?

6. Some people don't want to go into politics!