Lu Xun (1881-1936) was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. China is a great modern writer, thinker and revolutionary. Lu Xun's original name was Zhou Shuren, whose name was Zhang Shou, whose name was Yu Cai; "Lu Xun" is a pseudonym he used after he joined the May 4th Movement. Because of its growing influence, people used to call it Lu Xun.
Lu Xun was born in a feudal scholar-bureaucrat family in Fangkou, Duchang, Shaoxing on September 25th, 1882. He was enlightened at the age of 7 and studied in three pools mirroring the moon at the age of 12. He was diligent, inquisitive, knowledgeable and memorized. He liked to read unofficial history's notes and folk literature books after school, and became interested in painting art, thus laying a solid cultural foundation. He is not confined to the four books and five classics, but seeks extracurricular reading materials in many ways and tries to master historical and cultural knowledge.
Shaoxing's long history and splendid culture, especially the moral articles of many Vietnamese and Chinese sages, have greatly influenced Lu Xun's thoughts. When Lu Xun was a teenager, his grandfather was imprisoned because of the imperial examination case, his father died, and his family's fortune fell from then on. Lu Xun changed from the eldest son of a feudal scholar-bureaucrat family to a ruined child. The family suffered a series of major changes, which made the young Lu Xun suffer from the cold and warm world and the cold world, saw the "true face of the world" and realized the decay and decline of feudal society. Lu Rui, the mother of Lu Xun, the daughter of a farmer, has a noble character and has a great influence on Lu Xun.
in the spring of p>1898, Lu Xun left his hometown, filled with new hopes in life, and was admitted to Nanjing Jiangnan Naval Academy. The following year, he was dissatisfied with the school's "cigar smoke" and changed to the Mining and Railway School attached to Jiangnan Lushi Academy. He had extensive contact with western natural science and social science, read The Times and The Theory of Evolution, and was deeply influenced by the reform trend of thought and the theory of evolution, and initially formed a social development view that "the future will win over the past, and the young will win over the old".
in p>192, Lu Xun graduated with honors and was sent by the government to study in Japan. He first entered Hongwen College in Tokyo to study Japanese, and then entered Sendai Medical College to study medicine. Deeply influenced by the wave of bourgeois democratic revolution, I actively participated in the torrent of anti-Qing revolution. After school, I made an oath of "I recommend Xuanyuan with my blood". In 196, facing the facts, Lu Xun felt the weakness of his compatriots at home and realized the importance of changing the national character. He resolutely abandoned medicine and took a decisive step on the road of life, choosing literature and art and using pen as his fighting weapon to save the country and the people. He participated in the preparation of the literary magazine "New Life" and wrote important early papers such as History of Man, Teaching of History of Science, Theory of Cultural Deviation and Theory of Moro Poetry. Lu Xun believes that China's serious problem lies in people, not things; It lies in spirit, not in matter; It lies in personality, not "people"; To "establish a country", we must first "establish a person", and the key to "establish a person" lies in the awakening of personality and the excitement of spirit.
On the eve of the Revolution of 1911, Lu Xun returned to the motherland. He first taught in Zhejiang Normal School in Hangzhou as a teacher of chemistry and physiology, and then returned to his hometown of Shaoxing, where he served as a supervisor and natural history teacher of Shaoxing Fu Middle School and a supervisor (principal) of Shanhui Primary Normal School. On the one hand, he taught and educated young people, on the other hand, he actively participated in the Revolution of 1911. He led the literary group Yueshe in his hometown and supported the establishment of Yueduo Daily. At the beginning of 1912, at the invitation of Cai Yuanpei, the chief of education, Lu Xun went to work in the Ministry of Education of Nanjing Provisional Government. Soon after, he moved to Beijing with the Ministry of Education and served as the head of the first section of the Department of Social Education. At the same time, he was employed as a part-time lecturer in some colleges and universities such as Peking University, Beijing Normal University and Beijing Women's Normal University.
After the victory of the October Revolution in Russia, Lu Xun was deeply encouraged. Together with Li Dazhao, Chen Duxiu and many other advanced intellectuals at that time, he wrote articles and ran magazines, which opened the prelude to the May 4th Movement in China. He stood in the forefront of anti-imperialism and feudalism, actively advocated new culture, new ideas and new morality, and lashed out at the old culture, old ideas and old morality for thousands of years. In 1918, he published the first vernacular novel "Diary of a Madman" in the history of modern Chinese literature. Through symbolic artistic techniques, the novel mercilessly exposed the cannibalism nature of China's feudal society for thousands of years, and strongly accused the feudal ethics and patriarchal clan system of evil. Since then, Lu Xun has created many novels such as Kong Yiji, Medicine, The True Story of Ah Q and a lot of essays, essays and comments with a completely uncompromising attitude, thus becoming the pioneer of the May 4th Movement and the founder of modern literature in China.
in the summer of p>1926, Lu Xun left Beijing, which was occupied by the northern warlords, and went south to Xiamen, where he served as a professor in the Department of China Literature of Xiamen University, and concurrently as a professor at the National Academy. At the beginning of 1927, Lu Xun moved to Guangzhou, the revolutionary center at that time, and served as the head of the Chinese Department of Sun Yat-sen University. At the same time, he also served as the dean of educational affairs, engaged in education and literary creation, and engaged in new battles. In April of the same year, a counter-revolutionary coup took place, and Lu Xun withstood the test of bloody rain. He resigned because of the fruitless rescue of students. In the face of the lessons of blood, Lu Xun's social development view formed in his early years has undergone profound changes. He dissected his thoughts severely and corrected the "bias" of believing only in evolution in the past. Since then, his ideological development has entered a brand-new starting point.