Engels believes that the essence of marriage is housework slavery under the cloak of love, which controls women's reproductive rights. Engels revealed the essence, characteristics and internal contradictions of monogamy, and criticized the so-called free and equal marriage of the bourgeoisie. This paper points out the correct way of women's liberation, and thus expounds the basic views of Marxism on family and the role of moral concepts. Engels said: "The overthrow of the matriarchal system is a failure of women with world historical significance. The husband also has power at home, while the wife is degraded and enslaved, becoming a slave to her husband's lust and a simple tool for giving birth to children. This degraded status of women was particularly obvious in the heroic era, especially among the Greeks in the classical era. Although it was gradually hypocritically whitewashed, and some places were put on a milder coat, it was not eliminated at all. " Engels' analysis of monogamous families in Greece shows the essence of monogamy. Marriage is not the result of personal sex, and it has absolutely nothing in common with personal sex. Because the conclusion of marriage is not based on natural conditions, let alone the will of both men and women, but on economic conditions, that is, the first family form based on the victory of private ownership over the original naturally growing public ownership. Engels deeply analyzed the characteristics and essence of the bourgeois monogamous family and exposed its hypocrisy and cruelty. Like all activities of the bourgeoisie, the bourgeois marriage and family relations are based on private property ownership and the principle of commodity exchange, that is, a safer and more explicit buying and selling marriage based on the economic conditions and social status of both men and women. As for the nature of bourgeois marriage, Engels pointed out: "When patriarchy and monogamy become dominant with the weight of private property exceeding that of the same property and with the concern for inheritance rights, the conclusion of marriage will be completely transferred according to economic considerations. The form of buying and selling marriage is disappearing, but its essence is being realized in an increasing scope, so that prices are set not only for women, but also for men, and not according to their personal character, but according to their property. The mutual love between the parties should be above all else and become the basis of marriage, which has never existed in the practice of the ruling class since ancient times. At most, it only happens in romantic stories, or in the neglected oppressed class. "In both cases, marriage is determined by the class status of both parties, so the family that always weighs the interests often becomes the most vulgar prostitution, sometimes on both sides, and the wife is the most common. A wife is different from an ordinary prostitute only in that she doesn't rent out her own body like hiring a female worker to sell her labor piece by piece, but sells it as a slave once and for all. Engels quoted a sentence from Fourier to profoundly explain the essence of bourgeois marriage: "Just as two negatives constitute an affirmation in grammar, two prostitutes constitute a virtue in marriage morality." Bourgeois philistines, on the one hand, praise their unique virtue, on the other hand, attack * * * capitalism to implement "husband and wife system". Engels' Marriage Theory 2 "The Origin of Family, Private Ownership and State" (hereinafter referred to as "Origin") is a work of Engels in his later years, which is recognized as a classic work of Marxist women's liberation. Engels systematically expounded the origin and essence of family, private ownership and state, the law of development and extinction according to the history of the early development of human society and related social phenomena, among which the viewpoint on women's liberation is particularly classic. Starting with the history of the development of human marriage, he deeply analyzed the changing process and reasons of women's status from high to low, revealed the social and historical roots of women's discrimination and oppression, and expounded the necessary conditions and effective ways for women's liberation. The process and reason of the change of women's status In Origin, Engels divided production into the production of means of subsistence and the reproduction of human beings themselves-fertility. He believes that in any historical period and any social environment, human life is influenced by these two kinds of production. Engels' division of these two kinds of production is the premise for us to analyze and study women's liberation from the perspective of Marxism. On the basis of adhering to this premise, we will analyze Engels' views on women's liberation in Origin. The process of the change of women's status Engels, through the analysis of ancient social life in Origin, showed that the low status of women did not exist in ancient times, but came into being with the change of social life and the change of marriage and family relations. Engels combined the development of human society and the characteristics of marriage and family, and divided the forms of marriage and family into three categories, namely, the group marriage system in the uncivilized era, the dual system in the barbaric era and the monogamy in the civilized era. In the early primitive social stage, there was no marriage relationship between people, no family existed in society, and men and women were randomly combined to meet the needs of human production and reproduction. With the development of human society, different forms of marriage and family relations have appeared in society, and the equal relationship between men and women has changed accordingly. 1. Group marriage in the age of ignorance, people's productivity level was extremely low, and the means of production and living were scarce, so human beings could only rely purely on nature to survive. At that time, social relations were relatively simple. At that time, the marriage relationship was group marriage, and the families under this marriage could be divided into two categories, namely, blood families and punaluan family. Kinship family is the primary form of group marriage family. Within the family, a group of brothers and sisters in the direct line or collateral line marry each other, but the marriage relationship basically excludes the marriage between grandparents and grandchildren, parents and children. With the continuous development of human production and social production, the marriage between brothers and sisters is gradually excluded. Engels said in the book Origin: "Undoubtedly, the development of tribes whose inbreeding is restricted must be faster and more complete than those tribes who still regard the marriage of brothers and sisters as a convention and regulation." As people gradually realized some disadvantages of consanguineous marriage, they gradually transitioned to the advanced form of group marriage family-punaluan family. This kind of family is a combination of men and women between several collateral or distant collectives, and the combination between duality is not fixed, which leads to polygamy and polyandry. In this family relationship, "who is the father of a child is uncertain, but who is the mother of the child is certain", and this family system developed into the later clan system. During the period of group marriage, there is no sexual difference between men and women, but an equal relationship of mutual support and mutual respect. 2. The dual system in the barbaric era. Both the dual marriage and the exclusive marriage belong to the even marriage system. The dual marriage was formed in the barbaric era of human society. Compared with the group marriage system, the range of spouses in pairing marriage is gradually reduced to a relatively stable man and woman, which is a great progress in marriage relationship. However, compared with monogamy, duality still belongs to a primitive form of marriage. Under this system, the marriage relationship between male and female spouses is very fragile, and the separation between the two sides is very casual and free, and the relationship between them is easily destroyed by one or both sides. In the barbaric era, agriculture and animal husbandry have made great progress. Humans no longer depend entirely on nature to survive, but also began to choose the way of "a man and a woman live together" in family life, and gradually formed a dual family form. Compared with the previous uncivilized times, people in the barbaric times need male labor more. Whether it is livestock raising or agricultural planting, men play an increasingly important role in human survival and development. Therefore, a similar phenomenon has been formed, such as "men's labor is everything, and women's labor is an insignificant accessory". Social wealth is gradually in the hands of men, and men's social status rises, and women's status in clan society is impacted, gradually losing their equal status with men, and finally becoming the object of oppression and slavery in clan and family production and life, and women's social status is declining. 3. In the civilized era, the level of productivity has been greatly improved and people's social living environment has been greatly improved. With the improvement of social division of labor and the accumulation of social wealth, a large number of surplus products began to appear, and private possession appeared. This kind of material possession has gradually affected people's marriage and family relations. Men's material possession is increasing day by day, and they hate the oppression in matriarchal society, so their feelings of breaking the traditional society in which women occupy the dominant position are even stronger, and accordingly there is a special couple system. Spousal system is not monogamy in the true sense of modern society, but it is conditional. This kind of spousal system is "not based on natural conditions, but on economic conditions". In fact, this kind of couple is only a couple between men and women, and there is no constraint on men. Under normal circumstances, only the husband can dissolve the marriage, that is, divorce his wife. This kind of monogamy is actually a variation of polygamy. In the civilized era, women are in an unequal position in the family, men openly or secretly have multiple wives, and women have become accessories and slaves of men in actual social life. The root cause of women's oppression is from the group marriage system in the uncivilized age to the monogamy system in the civilized age. The family and marriage relationship in human society has changed, and the status of women in the family and society has also changed and gradually decreased with the marriage system. From this process, we can see the change of women's status and the reasons for this phenomenon. As Engels analyzed in The Origin, women are gradually becoming oppressed and exploited, and the most fundamental reason is the emergence of private ownership. In the "family" part of Origin, Engels made a comprehensive discussion and analysis on women's issues. In the early days of human society, women were in a high position in society, respected by society, and had high ruling power, but the emergence of private ownership led to the loss of women's power and status. In slave society, feudal society and capitalist society, due to the influence of money, wealth and other material factors, the social structure has undergone tremendous changes, and the relationship between people in society has also been seriously affected. Especially in capitalist society, the bourgeoisie and the proletariat are in opposition, and all proletarians are at the bottom of society. Being exploited and oppressed by the bourgeoisie, the proletariat has no real freedom at all. At the same time, the rapid development of modern industry and handicraft forced a large number of women to join the ranks of the proletariat and become a special group of oppressed and exploited. In today's society, due to the influence of traditional ideas and gender differences, women's status in society and family is still treated unfairly. It is of great significance for us to establish a harmonious family system and improve women's social status by systematically studying the history of marriage and family system and exploring the reasons why women are oppressed and exploited. Engels described and demonstrated in detail the process and origin of the change of women's status in Origin, but his theory of the origin of women's oppression was also questioned by some western feminists. Therefore, we should not only see Engels' correct exposition of the theory of women's liberation in the theoretical system of eliminating private ownership and liberating all mankind, but also see that the details of his exposition are not specific. Engels' Marriage Theory 3 A Complete Collection of Famous Words and Sentences about Marriage 1. Keep your eyes wide open before marriage and half open after marriage. -Franklin [America] 2. There is no winner in the dispute between husband and wife, but both sides lose. -Guy [UK] 3. Marriage is a combination of two people's spirits, the purpose of which is to overcome all the difficulties and hardships in the world. -Gorky [Soviet Union] 4. Marriage is the end of youth and the starting point for a happy life. In order to make it bear beautiful fruit, don't be anxious, be careful and be sincere. -Guo Fenkang Xiao [Japan] 5. Marriage is essentially an ethical relationship, and marriage is an ethical love with the meaning of law. -Hegel [Germany] 6. Love in marriage should be the achievement of a beautiful dream, not the end as it usually is. -Carl [USA] 7. People who share the same bed should always be confided, which is the basic condition for a happy marriage. -Quinn [America] 8. All marriages are happy, and only later * * * living together will cause trouble. -Raymond Hull [UK] 9. Only love can sanctify marriage, and only a marriage that sanctifies love is a real marriage. -Leo Tolstoy [Russia] 1. I describe marriage not only as the sweetest combination of all combinations, but also as the most sacred and inviolable contract of all contracts. -Rousseau [France] 11. Sweet combination is not only a reward for your kindness, but also a reward for your loyalty to love. -Rousseau [France] 12. Marriage is a combination of mutual affinity, mutual tolerance and mutual accommodation. -Roman Roland [France] 13. The only greatness of marriage lies in the only love and the mutual loyalty of two hearts. If marriage loses this greatness, what is left of it, except some conveniences in real life? -Roman Roland [France] 14. In marriage, everyone has to pay the price, and at the same time, they have to take something back. This is the law of supply and demand. -Roman Roland [France] 15. Divorce is the safety valve of marriage. -Russell [UK] 16. If you want to spend a good life, only two people will combine, because half a ball can't roll, so the important task of every adult is to find the right half. -Marx [Germany] 17. Divorce is only a confirmation of the following fact: a marriage is dead, and its existence is only a facade and a scam. -Marx [Germany] 18. Marriage can be compared to a cage. The birds outside the cage desperately want to get in, and the birds inside the cage desperately want to get out. -Mencken [USA] 19. Only a blind wife and a deaf husband can have a happy marriage. Montaigne [France] 2. In order to live in the world, all of us are armed to the teeth. However, couples who are closely connected do not need to wear armor. -Molois [France] 21. Most people get married in a frenzy, and in the end they will regret it for a lifetime. -Moliere [France] 22. In a happy marriage, everyone should respect each other's tastes and hobbies. It is the most absurd idea to think that two people can have the same thoughts, the same judgments and the same desires. This is impossible and unacceptable. -Mo Luoya [French] 23. The tragedy of marriage, like many other tragedies, lies in the fact that everything one sees of the other party is not all true. -Mo Luoya [French] 24. In a truly happy marriage, friendship must be combined with love. -Mo Luoya [French] 25. The conversation between harmonious couples is cordial, ordinary and full of flavor. Just like these dishes, although the ingredients are simple, they are more popular than exotic and delicious. -Mo Luoya [French] 26. Marriage certainly brings a sweet honeymoon, but it is also indispensable. -Mozart [Austria]