The pursuit of the transcendent world marked by external reason is what Nietzsche calls the "Apollinian spirit." The expression of an individual’s inner emotions is what Nietzsche calls the “Dionysian spirit.” The Apollonian (Apollo) principle emphasizes seeking truth from facts, rationality, and order, while the Dionysian (Dionysian) principle is associated with fanaticism, excess, and instability. Together.

In these dramatic performances, the role of the chorus is crucial, because it allows the isolated Apollonian individual to become part of the entire joyous Dionysian community, which celebrates life and accepts the repetition of life. Impermanence. Greek tragedy achieves a balance between the two temperaments. Through this mediating effect, Greek tragedy made the Greeks and Greek civilization unique.

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Spiritual essence:

Before Nietzsche, Hegel had already used Dionysian worship to mark the development of art in "The Phenomenology of Spirit" At one stage, Jacobi, Burckhardt, Holderlin, F. Schlegel, and Wagner all also talked about the Dionysian phenomenon or drunken passion as an aesthetic state.

Nietzsche used it when explaining the origin and essence of Greek tragedy in "The Birth of Tragedy" and advocated the theory of Dionysian spirit. He was very proud of his unprecedented elucidation of the Dionysian phenomenon into metaphysics, and called himself a "Dionysian philosopher". In fact, the Dionysian spirit is indeed the characteristic of Nietzsche's philosophy.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Dionysian Spirit