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Shen Congwen (1902- 1988), male, formerly known as Shen Yuehuan, whose real name is Chongwen, is a native of Fenghuang, Hunan, a famous writer and cultural relic researcher in China. From 65438 to 0924, he began to create literature, and wrote and published novels such as Long River and Border Town. 193 1- 1933 taught at Qingdao university. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, he went to teach at the National The National SouthWest Associated University, and 1946 returned to teach at Peking University. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he worked in the Museum of Chinese History and the Institute of History of China Academy of Social Sciences, mainly engaged in the study of China's ancient history and cultural relics, and wrote The Study of Chinese Ancient Costume. 1988 died in Beijing at the age of 86.

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Shen Congwen's Juvenile Story

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As the founder and master of Beijing School writers, Shen Congwen showed his unique creative talent in his youth. 190212 was born in Fenghuang county, Hunan province on February 28th, and Fenghuang county was named a poet in New Zealand. Alleys are known as "one of the two most beautiful towns in China". It is surrounded by a cluster of green peaks and a river. It has many historical sites and a long history of traditional culture.

19 15 years, Shen Congwen entered the second junior middle school in Fenghuang County from a private school, and transferred to Wenchangge Primary School six months later. Because Shen Congwen is lively and loves to play, he often plays truant and goes to the streets to watch puppet shows. His schoolbag is hidden in the land temple. On one occasion, he left his schoolbag in the earth temple and watched the play all day. After the play was over, the other children had gone home from school. He went back to the Earth Temple to get his schoolbag, only to find that it was gone. At this time, he was anxious, but on second thought, it was no big deal that the schoolbag was gone. The next day, he crustily skin of head went to school. Unexpectedly, as soon as he walked under a nanmu tree on campus, he met his class teacher, Mr. Mao. Teacher Mao, with an irate look on his face, seriously asked Shen Congwen to kneel under the nanmu tree and loudly asked him where he went yesterday. Shen Congwen knew he couldn't hide it, so he simply replied, "I went to the theatre." Teacher Mao saw that Shen Congwen was so arrogant in playing truant, so he severely criticized: "Diligence is meritorious, drama is useless, trees like to grow up, but you like to be a dwarf under the tree. It's disappointing!" After kneeling for about half an hour, Teacher Mao told him to get up. At this time, Teacher Mao asked Shen Congwen in a gentle tone, whether he hated the teacher and punished him for kneeling under the tree. Shen Congwen said frankly, "Of course, I hate that you shouldn't be punished and humiliated in front of your classmates." Later, Teacher Mao brought Shen Congwen into the office and slowly enlightened him and said, "The tree grows upward, but you have to kneel down. People should be enterprising, not arrogant and arrogant. " After being patiently persuaded and taught by Teacher Mao, Shen Congwen became brave after knowing his shame, changed his old stubborn temper and studied hard, and his grades improved rapidly.

Although Shen Congwen later became a world-famous great writer and scholar, he always remembers the scene of being punished by a teacher under a nanmu tree when he was a child, which he will never forget.

Shen Congwen liked to play with good things when he was a child. He plays truant with the urchin nearby all day, catching birds in the mountains and fishing in the water. He just thinks there is nothing more interesting than this way of life. Almost all urchins are involved in their behavior. Even if they are not at ease in class at ordinary times, they will find various ways to fool around and make them feel happy. But I have a kind of awe for his Chinese teacher, Mr. Tian Mingyu (a native of Fenghuang, Hunan), because this tian teacher is knowledgeable and very rigorous, and I have heard about him for a long time. At first he was afraid and curious, but later he found this tian teacher amiable and charming, so he was deeply moved. As long as he is in tian teacher's class, he listens attentively and never makes trouble. Under the careful instruction of tian teacher, he devoted himself to study, learned classical Chinese poetry by heart, and made rapid progress in composition and calligraphy. Mr. Tian praised him: "He is just rigorous and clear-minded, but vain and ambitious." It can be seen that the good education and edification he received at the beginning of his life journey is inseparable from Mr. Tian. After 19 17, Tian Mingyu stepped into politics and began his faltering career. 1920, when Tian Mingyu was the secretary of the Matun Defense Command of Ganfeng, he went to Guizhou on business and passed by Zhijiang. At that time, Shen Congwen was already engaged in tax work in Zhijiang, and Tian Mingyu deliberately made time to meet Shen Congwen. Tian Mingyu was very happy to see Shen Congwen working hard and being practical and willing to learn. Shen Congwen later recalled his teacher and said: "Mr. Tian was a poet of the old Nanshe Society, studying calligraphy and the aspirations of black women, and studying the Tang and Song Dynasties. He can go to China to save his life. What is particularly admirable is his personality, simplicity, simplicity and tolerance, which makes people feel intimate when they are close. " The two have maintained a friendship between teachers and students for 70 years. It can be seen how deep the friendship between Shen Congwen and Tian Mingyu is!

Shen Congwen and Zhang Zhaohe: I forgot to understand you.

Nearly 30-year-old Shen Congwen saw the most beautiful Zhang Zhaohe, and his young heart was pounding. At that time, Zhang Zhaohe was familiar with the Four Books and Five Classics, and was also proficient in piano, chess, calligraphy and painting, and fluent in English. There are countless suitors around her, and there are as many as a dozen love letters every day. Shen Congwen at that time was quiet, dull and gloomy. Even he was born in poverty, from Fenghuang, the ancient city of Xiangxi, and his education level was not high. The only thing he has is gorgeous and beautiful words.

1928, Shen Congwen came to China Public School to teach at the age of 26. Love at first sight fell in love with student Zhang Zhaohe. This year, Zhang Zhaohe 18 years old, is a flower figure of China Public School. One day, Zhang Zhaohe suddenly received a thin letter. When I opened it, I realized that it was written by her teacher Shen Congwen. The letter only wrote one sentence: "I don't know why I suddenly like you?" Zhang Zhaohe didn't reply, followed by the second and third letters, which were very long. If you send a letter from the post office, you must be twice as overweight. This is the first time that Shen Congwen wrote to Zhang Zhaohe, and it has been out of control ever since. In the long years since then, their love story has been praised by future generations.

Shen Congwen's grandmother is Miao and his mother is Tujia. In terms of love between men and women, this newly-debuted novelist has a kind of persistence and frankness of Xiangxi people. Too many letters, too long and too thick, Zhang Zhaohe finally couldn't stand it. She went to the principal Hu Shi's house and told the principal that it was not good for Mr. Shen to write letters to students like this. Unexpectedly, Hu Shi smiled and replied: "What's the matter! Your father and I are both from Anhui. Let me talk to your father about you. " Zhang Zhaohe blushed: "Don't talk." The headmaster solemnly said to the female students, "I know that Shen Congwen stubbornly loves you!" " Zhang Zhaohe blurted out: "I stubbornly don't love him!" 1930, Shen Congwen also left China College to teach at Qingdao University, and Zhang Zhaohe continued to study at China College, completing his university studies. 1933 On September 9th, Shen Congwen and Zhang Zhaohe got married in Beijing Central Park. Shortly after the wedding, Shen Congwen returned to his hometown of Phoenix to visit because his mother was critically ill. In the cabin, he wrote to Zhang Zhaohe in Peiping, saying, "When I leave Peiping, I intend to write letters and articles for half a day. But on this boat, I just want to write to you, and I can't do anything else. "

After marriage, whenever they are separated, Shen Congwen can always write touching letters. For example, a sentence "I have walked bridges in many places, seen clouds many times and drunk many kinds of wine, but I only loved one person at the right age" has become a classic love story. For Shen Congwen, perhaps separation is the best state of love, and that kind of monologue can reach the deepest part of his heart. Shortly after their marriage, Shen Congwen wrote his greatest novel Border Town.

Shen Congwen and Border Town

As a representative work of Shen Congwen, Border Town started from 1933 to 1934. Like Shen Congwen's other works in Xiangxi, this work focuses on the fate changes of ordinary people and good people, and depicts the tragic life of Hunan women. As the author Shen Congwen said, "I want to show a' life form', a' beautiful, healthy and natural life form without violating human nature'.

The story of "Border Town" takes place near the tea cave at the junction of Sichuan and Hunan, near the White Pagoda of the brook where the protagonist Cui Cui and her grandfather live. There is a ship called Shunshun in Chadong City. He has two sons, the first is Tianbao, and the second is Nuosong. During the Dragon Boat Festival, Cui Cui went to watch the dragon boat race and met a handsome young sailor to see him off. He left a deep impression in Cui Cui's mind. At the same time, Tianbao, Nopa's younger brother, also fell in love with Cui Cui and proposed to the matchmaker in advance. The two brothers did not follow the local custom to win or lose, but expressed their feelings by singing folk songs in a fair and romantic way, so that Cui Cui could choose from them. Northon is a good singer. Tianbao knows that he can't sing as well as his younger brother, and he is disheartened. He resolutely set sail for business. A few days later, the old boatman heard that the boss's water boat had an accident, and the boat at the dock had been going smoothly because of the death of his son Tianbao. Captain Shunshun doesn't want Cui Cui to be Nuo's daughter-in-law. Later, the boat was washed away and the white tower behind the house collapsed. Cui Cui went to visit her grandfather, only to find that the old man had died in the thunder and lightning. Veteran Yang enthusiastically came to accompany him and made a living by ferry, waiting for the return of Nuo.

As one of the representative novels of Beijing School, Border Town is full of the beauty of humanity and poetry. People here maintain the beauty of simplicity, naturalness, sincerity and kindness. They are honest and brave, charitable, warm and generous, value righteousness over profit, and keep their promises. This is lyric poetry and genre painting. There are no soul-stirring social changes and fierce and complicated contradictions and conflicts, but the style is far-reaching, natural, simple, harmonious and meaningful, just like a beautiful pastoral picture, which is known as "the purest novel text in the history of modern literature" and "the pinnacle of pastoral legend of modern literature in China".

Uncompromising, the words of the stars holding the moon; Be kind, put it down, you are a child.

Shen Congwen is not only a writer, but also a scholar. Not only did he create and publish novels such as Long River and Border Town. 1946 and then returned to teach at Peking University. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he worked in the Museum of Chinese History and the Institute of History of China Academy of Social Sciences, mainly engaged in the study of China's ancient history and cultural relics, and wrote The Study of Chinese Ancient Costume. From a writer with warm words to a scholar with rigorous textual research, Shen Congwen completed the transformation from a writer to an expert in clothing history, and was the founder of the clothing history discipline in China.

1In the afternoon of May, 988, Shen Congwen had a heart attack while meeting Huang's daughter without warning. At five o'clock, he felt stuffy and angina pectoris. Zhang Zhaohe helped him to lie down. His face turned pale and he wouldn't let his wife go away. Before losing his mind, Shen Congwen held Zhang Zhaohe's hand and said, "Third Sister, I'm sorry." These are his last words.

Miss living in America received a phone call from Beijing saying that Mr. Shen had passed away. Please write an elegiac couplet for the memorial service the next day. That night, Zhang Chonghe couldn't sleep. His mind was full of things related to Mr. Shen. Sleeping until midnight, I simply got up, studied ink, and wrote four sentences: "Don't compromise, be kind, be generous."

Relatives in Beijing said that the elegiac couplet was well written because it contained Mr. Shen's name. The suffixes of the four sentences can just be connected together as "creating people with the text". Isn't this the portrayal of Shen Congwen's life? In his later years, Zhang Chonghe told the writer Su Wei about writing elegiac couplets in the United States, and even said, "I never thought about it when I wrote it, let alone hide his name in it. Oh, what a ghost. "

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