What's the difference between the verb ing as an adverbial of accompaniment and an adverbial of time? What is the difference between the adverbial of verb ing and the general adverbial? Please give us your advice! thank 1. In fact, there is no need to do something. As long as the translation is smooth, we can judge whether the adverbial indicates companionship or time according to the Chinese meaning.

Sometimes both kinds of understanding are ok, and there is no need to distinguish.

When I knocked at the door, I also took out my mobile phone.

When I knocked at the door, I took out my mobile phone. (time)

I usually take out my cell phone when I knock on the door. (accompanying)

2. The present participle is an adverbial, which emphasizes that the adverbial action must occur before the predicate action, and there is an obvious sequential relationship or logical connection between them.

If two movements are tight in time or happen/go at the same time, you only need to use the general formula.

Of course, there must be an active relationship between the subject of the sentence and the verb Ving.

I had to leave after waiting for two hours.

Waiting happens before you have to leave.

While waiting for him there, I read a book.

Wait and read operations are performed simultaneously.