In the dead of night, I opened Sima Qian's Letter to Ren An again. When I think about it carefully, the article is open-minded, the momentum is ups and downs, and the words are really touching. In my heart, I mourn for Sima Qian and Ren An. Sima Qian was sentenced to prison for "the disaster of Li Ling" and Ren An was beheaded for the crime of the prince. It can be seen that their experiences are so similar and tragic, and they are all important experiences related to human life. Facing his friends in the same boat, Sima Qian described his humiliation, poured out his inner pain and dissatisfaction, explained the reasons for his "seclusion", expressed his determination to persist in completing the creation of Historical Records, and also reflected his outlook on life and death. Sima Qian's view of life and death is the product of his special experience and great personality. He said in Baoren An Shu: "People are inherently mortal, and death is heavier than Mount Tai or lighter than a feather." These rare cases, which clarify the meaning of life, shine a hundred thoughts, understand life, shine through the ages and resound through history, have become the torch to illuminate the struggle of future generations and arouse the great waves of life for those who create the value of life. Baoren An Shu is the accidental result of Sima Qian's seeking expression of life and death. If Sima Qian didn't need to write to his good friend Ren An at that time, he had to express his thoughts and feelings in other forms. But in Sima Qian's view, it was the most suitable form at that time in our view. Because letters are a kind and direct way of heart-to-heart communication. Therefore, in the form of letters, he can talk face to face with his intimate friends who have had unfortunate experiences and play heart music, making the article more vivid and touching, and it is easier to pluck the most exciting strings in the depths of his and his friends' souls. Therefore, in Bao Ren An Shu, the talk of combining rigidity with softness, the ethics of criticizing people's wishes, the wisdom of critical thinking and the skillful writing almost have the tendency of "frightening the wind and fearing the rain, making the gods cry", showing Sima Qian's innocent grievances, resentment and outlook on life and death, showing his great personality and causing an unprecedented sensation in the literary world of China. When Sima Qian was subjected to inhuman castration, he could choose death to seek his innocence and win the praise of future generations. But he didn't choose to die and made a sharp turn at the crossroads of life. He thinks that his dead father Sima Tan ordered him to finish the unfinished history books. He should inherit his father's footsteps, bear the burden of humiliation and complete the historical records with great pressure and pain. Because he knows that life can create value, as long as people don't die, there is a road under their feet. Although his "corrupt" body is humble, he has great ideas and literary talents. As long as he works hard to create extraordinary life value, he can turn humble into great and make life "more important than Mount Tai"! Under the control of this thought, the troubles, hesitation, depression, desolation, loneliness, loss, pain, despair and so on in real life can't disturb his inner peace. In order to complete this masterpiece "Historical Records", Sima Qian had to "drag out an ignoble existence, believe in filth without hesitation", "so he was killed without shame" and "how can he regret being slaughtered!" On the other hand, "if a servant is punished, what is the difference between nine cows and ants?" Sima Qian's view of life and death is full of dialectical methods; Whether to follow the old adage that "a scholar can be killed but not humiliated", sacrifice his life for righteousness, rather die than surrender, or "abandon the villain and be ashamed of snow" to achieve the purpose of "leaving a name for future generations" and "seclusion" depends on the comprehensive subjective and objective factors and how to do it, which is more valuable and meaningful to society and future generations. As a result, Sima Qian, as one of the most insightful and prescient geniuses among the few great men in human history, survived, inherited his father's will, and completed a great work-Historical Records: From Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, which included all the glory and dreams, sufferings and sorrows of life. People are dead. Now that they are all dead, it is better to take risks, survive in death, seek wealth and survive in death. So Chen She shook his arm and shouted, "What kind of prince do you want?" Things changed suddenly, heroes rose, and the Qin dynasty collapsed in an instant; With Sima Qian's drag out an ignoble existence, he angrily completed the immortal work Historical Records. He confessed more than once: "Wang Wen was arrested and performed Zhouyi; Zhong You wrote Spring and Autumn Annals; Qu Yuan's exile is a tribute to Li Sao. Zuo Qiu is blind and has "Mandarin"; The ruler of the revised version of Sun Tzu's Art of War; It's not Shu, but Lu Lan. Han Fei imprisoned Qin, expressing embarrassment, loneliness and anger; There are three hundred poems, and the sages at the bottom are angry. " Living in adversity, facing setbacks and hardships, we should not give up on ourselves, but should know how to survive and develop. As Goethe said: "The whole mystery of life lies in giving up survival in order to survive." British Bacon once said: "Miracles are mostly created in bad luck." Sima Qian's experience and achievements can explain this problem very well. Bad luck can not only destroy the body and life of the weak, but also arouse the waves of life of the strong and become a catalyst for them to create the value of life. In this world, bad luck must accompany me. Facing the reality, Sima Qian did not think that life is only day without night, the voyage is only smooth without reefs, and life is only happiness without disasters. In ancient times, castration was an inhuman torture, which was an indescribable destruction and blow to people's body and spirit. This is indeed an unbearable shame for Sima Qian. However, castration did not destroy Sima Qian, on the contrary, it prompted him to achieve something, and urged him to "relieve his anger, think about the sky and write with his own opinions", leaving unparalleled precious spiritual wealth and cultural heritage to future generations, making him a great man of one hundred generations who was brilliant for a while and famous for centuries. Actually, I think it takes courage to die Because human instinct is to survive. Everyone wants to have a complete life. Without life, dreams, success and hope are out of the question. Therefore, Sima Qian is also looking for an exit for his own survival. "My wife loves it, misses her parents and cares for her." This is respect for life and responsibility for yourself. As an intellectual with dignity of life, what a heroic step he took at the turning point of fate-a man stepping on his own shadow and flying with his hair! No wonder Lu Xun, another hero in the 20th century, shouted loudly: "The real warrior dares to face the bleak life and dripping blood." In the process of survival, everyone has different experiences and different frustration psychology. In many setbacks and difficulties, some people choose to be suicidal, while others choose to be a walking corpse, which is reckless, timid and irresponsible to life. "Some people are alive and he is dead; His people are dead, and he is still alive. "This sentence simply and greatly summarizes the meaning of life and the role of thought and soul. The survival process of the body is short. How to make the mind and soul "alive" after the body decays and disappears is exactly what we have to think and do. Every life is the inheritor of history, noble, humble, great, mediocre, positive and decadent ... all kinds of people are telling the meaning of their existence in their own way. People can't escape from time. People who are truly responsible for themselves also need to have a correct understanding of time, know the future and be full of expectations for the future, and know the meaning of life. Questioning the meaning of life is the inevitable torture of every thinking living body on its own soul. Life burns like a torch, and yesterday was burning ashes. If you miss the sun and cry, will there be stars at night? As an immortal work, Historical Records can't avoid the question of life and death. As a knowledgeable and well-honed writer and historian, Sima Qian has an excellent view of life and death when facing soul torture and life thinking.