state and county officials are the most basic officials in the feudal regime system, and they also deal directly with the people. In history, there is a saying that a magistrate of a county has a high power as a local tyrant, and there is a saying that a magistrate of a county is far away from the ruling center and can do whatever he wants. ? But the actual situation is not the case. From the Ming and Qing dynasties, if you want to say which level is the most difficult official, it is undoubtedly the most basic state and county official. In the Qing Dynasty, there was an official saying, "Keep your jobs and don't touch the glass screen". This image compares the state and county officials to a glass screen, and the tentacles are broken. It also shows from another angle that the state and county officials are the worst to wear their jobs. The reason is also very simple, because there are too many examination regulations formulated by the court for state and county officials, and they are in danger of being dismissed at any time. Lang Tingzuo, the governor of Jiangnan during Shunzhi, said that there were "three difficulties" in Jiangnan, one of which was because the examination method was too strict, and officials were downgraded to sit tight when they arrived. To this end, he played Emperor Shunzhi: "Officials have the idea that they must go, but the people have no fear." He asked the court to delete the terms of falling tone from the examination rules, and the final punishment should be limited to dismissal and guilt. ? However, after years of wars in the early Qing Dynasty, the collection of money and grain became the lifeblood of the country, and even until the Kangxi period, the regulations for the examination of state and county officials were still being formulated and improved. Song Luo, the governor of Jiangsu Province during the Kangxi period, made an investigation. Because of the tax arrears, the state and county officials were dismissed after almost one year in office and became real "glazed screens". In addition to the punishment of money and grain collection, ensuring one party's safety, that is, judicial order, is also an important part of the examination of state and county officials, and the legislation in this area has changed repeatedly, so that the supreme ruler feels in a dilemma. If the legislation is strict, on the surface, it can put an end to local officials' reticence to report theft, ensure a high detection rate of theft, and protect people's lives and property. However, in this way, the superiors and subordinates are jointly and severally liable, and the superiors are in charge of the prefectures and counties, and the prefectures and counties are in charge of the arrest, and they will be punished if they do not solve the case within a time limit. In order to keep their jobs, it often happens that they are framed and abused. ? If the legislation is a little wider, it seems that it can give the state and county officials time to arrest calmly and avoid implicating the innocent, but they are worried that the state and county officials will be careless, and the people's lives and property will suffer losses. Emperor Qianlong, who has always been ruling the country like cooking a little fresh food, once said with regret that the current state and county officials only focus on the criminal name Qian Gu, take care of their own achievements, and take no fault as the best policy. The boss also thinks that such officials are competent. There are many regulations in the exam, and the state and county officials want to keep their jobs, so they must pay a lot of money to invite touts, who are proficient in laws and regulations. Although they are not officials, they know the rules, which can help the state and county officials to sit tight and keep the glass screen unbreakable. In the eighth year of Qianlong, the official department once suggested that the newly elected state and county officials who were born in the right direction should read laws and regulations. The reason was that they had too many things to do, and the laws and regulations were in the hands of their own touts and scribes. However, Emperor Qianlong felt that giving the laws to the scribes was detrimental to the country's dignity. Even if this was the case, he still denied the official department's proposal. ? There are too many assessment regulations, just like putting a spell on state and county officials. They are in a state of tension all day, and how many ambitions are bound by these rules and regulations. In the Qing Dynasty, there were a lot of mediocre officials in prefectures and counties, and the corpses were vegetarian. It was because there were too many regulations that nothing could be done on the premise of keeping the black yarn. Zheng Banqiao and Yuan Mei were both great people in the Qing Dynasty. They were both born in the right direction, but they were all miserable in the position of magistrate of a county, and finally chose to resign. Zheng Banqiao expressed his difficulties in the word "Jade Case Official Situation" written by Wei County magistrate. Ten years to cover the broken yellow silk quilt, all through, official taste. After the rain, the sky is like water. It is appropriate to pour tea, to brew wine, and to be tired of paperwork. Sitting in Cao Cao's room, I was screaming and screaming, and my official urged me to make up my makeup, but I didn't care about it. The wine column candle postscript, the cold wind leaks, how much ambition retreats!