1: coronary heart disease and hypertension
Many young people think that coronary heart disease and hypertension are diseases of the elderly and have nothing to do with themselves. Actually, it is not. As far as hypertension is concerned, the incidence of hypertension has reached 8% only among primary and middle school students aged 6 ~ 18 in China. Of course, some of them are hypertension secondary to other diseases. For young people with a family history of hypertension, blood pressure should be measured regularly, especially after the age of 30, so as to find it early, treat it in time, and correct bad habits such as drinking and salty taste that induce blood pressure to rise. So, what about coronary heart disease? Coronary heart disease is painstaking efforts.
The artery of the tube has hardened. This process began as early as youth or even childhood. Of course, only when the blood vessels are narrowed to a certain extent or complicated with acute thrombosis will obvious symptoms appear. Due to the influence of heredity, diet, living habits and external environment, different people have different onset ages, and some people even have no obvious symptoms for life. But at present, many young people have coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction, and some have died. All these remind us that although youth is the greatest wealth, it is not a safe. Whether you can make good use of this wealth depends on yourself!
2. Sports death
Many people in modern times are nervous at work, overworked for a long time and have no time to exercise. Occasionally, when I have a little relaxation time, I will think of the famous saying that "life lies in exercise", so I run to the gym to practice crazily or climb to the top of the mountain in one breath. They think it is good for their health. As we all know,
This is even more harmful. Not long ago, two celebrities in the domestic business community died suddenly while exercising in the gym, which was heartbreaking! These people have worked hard for a long time, their physical strength is overdrawn, and the disease has quietly arrived, ready to go. Once strenuous exercise is beyond the body's endurance, accidents will occur.
This is not surprising. A little breathless, slightly sweaty and not tired after exercise, indicating that the intensity of this exercise is appropriate. If you are panting, sweating, obviously tired or even dizzy after the activity, it means that you have exercised too much.
3. Angina pectoris
Many patients with coronary heart disease, usually angina pectoris, always endure first, try not to take medicine, thinking that taking medicine often will have no effect. Actually, it is not. The first-aid drugs for angina pectoris, such as nitroglycerin, will only produce drug resistance if they are taken frequently for a long time every day; Taking it intermittently, even three or four times a day, will not form drug resistance. On the other hand, when angina pectoris occurs, taking medicine as soon as possible can quickly relieve the condition, reduce the degree of myocardial injury and reduce the possibility of acute myocardial infarction.
4. Acute myocardial infarction
Some patients with coronary heart disease know too little about new technologies and new treatment methods, feel that surgery is risky, and are unwilling to choose the best emergency intervention surgery in an emergency, miss the treatment opportunity or even lose their lives. In fact, interventional therapy for coronary heart disease has a history of more than 20 years, providing drugs for coronary heart disease.
Another very effective treatment besides treatment. Interventional therapy of coronary heart disease is minimally invasive and effective. However, some data show that only 30% patients with acute angina pectoris and acute myocardial infarction received emergency interventional surgery within 6 hours after onset; Up to 70% of patients with acute coronary heart disease are caused by
For various reasons, conservative treatment with drugs was chosen, and the effect was not ideal. Therefore, patients with coronary heart disease should change this misunderstanding. If economic conditions permit, interventional therapy is undoubtedly a wise choice.
5. Coronary heart disease
Many patients with frequent angina pectoris disappeared quickly after stent implantation, and even resumed physical activity. So some people mistakenly think that it is good to put a bracket. In fact, stent therapy is just a kind of physical therapy. It can improve the local stenosis of blood vessels, thus
Relieve myocardial ischemia and angina pectoris. However, because the patient has coronary atherosclerosis, stenosis will also occur in other parts, and the risk of coronary heart disease still exists, indicating that coronary heart disease has not been cured. Moreover, some patients have more vascular lesions, and stents are only placed in several important parts. Some patients have narrow blood vessels and no stents. Therefore, even if the stent is placed, it does not mean that everything is normal. Also pay attention to a healthy lifestyle and continue to take medicine according to the doctor's requirements.
6. Blood lipids
Some patients' blood lipids are in the normal range, but the doctor prescribed lipid-lowering drugs for him, which they thought were indiscriminate drugs. Actually, it is not. In recent years, large-scale clinical trials at home and abroad have proved that the results of blood lipid examination in the normal range do not necessarily mean that treatment is not needed, but the key depends on personal situation.
Conditions. For example, LDL-C is 135mg/dL, which is really within the normal range for a healthy person without any cardiovascular risk factors. But at the same time suffering from myocardial infarction, stent therapy, coronary artery bypass surgery, diabetes or a variety of risk factors.
The patient's blood lipid level is high. Lowering LDL-C below 100mg/dL can obviously improve the prognosis of patients and reduce the possibility of cardiovascular events. In addition, for patients with acute coronary heart disease, such as unstable angina pectoris and acute myocardial infarction, statins such as Shujiangzhi and Pragu can stabilize coronary atherosclerotic plaques. At this time, the use of lipid-lowering is actually to play a cardiovascular protection role other than the lipid-lowering effect of drugs, rather than lowering blood lipids.
7: Hyperlipidemia
Hyperlipidemia is a disorder of blood lipid metabolism, and it is a lifelong disease like hypertension. By taking lipid-lowering drugs, blood lipids can be controlled within the normal range for a long time, but it does not mean that hyperlipidemia will be cured. Once the drug is stopped, the blood lipid will rise again soon. In the treatment of hypertension
In this process, when the blood pressure is stable for a long time, the dosage and types of drugs can be reduced as much as possible, and the target blood pressure can be maintained with the least amount of drugs and the lowest dose. For lipid-regulating drugs, there is no evidence that blood lipids can be reduced or stopped after reaching the standard. Clinical observation shows that it is adjusted after reaching the standard.
The reduction of lipid-lowering drugs often leads to the rebound of blood lipids. At the same time, it is easy to shake patients' belief in lipid-lowering treatment, which is not conducive to the maintenance of long-term curative effect. Therefore, as long as there are no special circumstances, such as serious or intolerable adverse reactions, lipid-lowering drugs should not be reduced or stopped.
8. Lipid-lowering drugs
Many patients think that lipid-lowering drugs have great side effects and are toxic to liver and kidney, so they are afraid. They feel that their blood lipids are relatively high and there are no symptoms. It is better not to take lipid-lowering drugs. In fact, as far as the most commonly used statins are concerned, most people have good tolerance to them, and usually only 0.5% ~ 2.0% of cases have elevated liver transaminase. After reducing the drug dose, the increased transaminase of these people can often be reduced, but when increasing the dose again or selecting similar drugs, the transaminase often does not increase. If the creatine kinase (CK) of patients, especially those with combined medication, is more than 2 times higher than the upper limit of normal value, it should be carefully considered, reduced or stopped, followed up, and the treatment should be resumed after the symptoms disappear and CK drops to normal. In addition, whether to choose lipid-lowering drugs must be decided after weighing the advantages and disadvantages according to the specific situation of patients. If a person is at high risk of coronary heart disease, using statins can benefit a lot. At this point, there is no weight to support us to use this medicine.
Doubts will increase.
9. Hypertension has no symptoms.
Generally speaking, about 50% patients with early hypertension can have no symptoms at all. This kind of hypertension is actually more dangerous! Because a person has symptoms, it will prompt him to seek medical treatment in time and adjust the treatment plan, which will help control the disease; Asymptomatic people are not sensitive to hypertension because of individual differences, so they often ignore treatment. However, the harm caused by hypertension will not disappear because of the presence or absence of symptoms. Many people wait until serious complications such as heart failure and cerebral hemorrhage before they regret it. Therefore, as long as it is diagnosed as hypertension, it must be taken seriously.
10: blood pressure is lower than 140/90mmHg.
Influenced by the traditional concept of prevention and treatment of hypertension, most people think that it is enough to reduce blood pressure to 140/90mmHg. This understanding is wrong. According to the latest research data abroad, 90% of people with normal blood pressure at the age of 55 will develop hypertension in the future. The blood pressure range of people aged 40-70 is 1 15/7.
In the range of 5 ~185/115mmhg, the risk of cardiovascular disease will be doubled for every 20mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure or 10mmHg increase in diastolic blood pressure. The higher the blood pressure, the greater the risk of myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke and kidney disease in the future. At present, it is advocated that blood pressure should be within the ideal range.
Of course, the lower the better, the patient should be able to bear it without any discomfort. People should try to control their blood pressure below 135/85mmHg. For patients with diabetes and nephropathy, the blood pressure level should be lower than 130/80mmHg, which is helpful to reduce the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.
Delaying the deterioration of renal function.
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