In other words, it is a famous saying of Zhang Zai, a famous figure in the Northern Song Dynasty, that "the heart is for heaven and earth, the life is for the people, the past and the future, and eternal peace". Feng Youlan, a contemporary philosopher, called it "four sentences in a horizontal canal". Because of its conciseness, it has always been praised by people.

1, "Heart is heaven and earth", Cheng Yue said: "Heaven and earth are unintentional, but creatures are hearts." He said, "Heaven and earth were formed unintentionally." Heaven and earth are unintentional, and people have a heart. The human heart is the heart of a benevolent person who can help others, and the heart of a sage of Dagong. In fact, compassion is the heart that can't bear others, which is what Confucius said, "Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you", which is the starting point of benevolence. In this way, Mr. Ma Yifu concluded: "Scholars should not seek benevolence with knowledge, and be kind and heartless, but should be based on the heart of heaven and earth. "

2. "Making a living for the people" comes directly from Mencius' thought of "making a living". There is a saying in Mencius: "He who does his best knows his nature. If you know its nature, you will know its nature. Keep your heart and cultivate your nature, then things will be natural. I want to live a long life, and I cultivate my self-cultivation, so I am very firm. " Through self-cultivation, if a person can finally achieve such a state that he can maintain his sexual integrity regardless of his life span, then the individual can be said to have settled down. The "life for the people" marked by Zhang Zai is actually "life for the people, the life of my compatriots", and its life lies in teaching, and "cultivation is called teaching", which is the so-called.

3. "The past is not forgotten", so those who "go to the holy" are the first to promote Confucianism represented by Confucius and Mencius; Juexue is Taoism advocated by Confucius and Mencius. As far as Confucianism is concerned, Confucius is certainly a master, and the Song Dynasty masters such as Lian, Luo, Guan and Min pushed the development of Confucianism to a brand-new stage. Only Confucianism in Song Dynasty can truly carry forward Confucius and Mencius.

4. "Harmony is the world" expresses the eternal political ideal of pre-Qin Confucianism and Song Confucianism. The expectation of "openness" is called. Only by "making peace for the world" and realizing the cultural ideal described in Zhang Zai's Mingxi can ignorant modern people return to the honest spiritual home of mankind.

Ye Caijie: "Heaven and earth take life as their heart, and saints and counselors educate them, so that everything has its own life and is also the heart of heaven and earth;" Clarifying justice and principles and cultivating principles are also the way for the people; Following Juexue means to describe orthodoxy; When peace is achieved, it is said that if there is a king, Fallise will be occupied and it will last forever. Press: Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty believed that Taoism came from Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang,. As for Confucius, as for Mencius. Mencius did not, nor did his Tao spread. It was not until Song Ruxing that he advocated knowledge that had not been handed down for thousands of years. Therefore, it is called "a lesson from the past". Make way for the people. The anthology of Hengqu is called Nature for the People.