1. What are the classical Chinese sentences with the word "yi" that are translated as "to"?

1. There is no need to use Xi to be loyal, and there is no need to use Yi to be virtuous. ——"Shingjiang"

2. If I know you, then why? ——"Zi Lu, Zeng Xi, Ran You, and Gong Xihua are sitting in wait"

3. They are all more beautiful than Xu Gong. ——"Zou Ji satirizes the King of Qi for accepting advice"

4. I would like to invite Yi Bi with fifteen cities. ——"The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru"

5. Qin also refused to give the city to Zhao, and Zhao eventually refused to give Qin Bi. ——"The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru"

6. I am left alone by catching snakes. ——"Snake Catcher's Theory"

7. Wu Yi arrived in the capital in the spring of the sixth year of the First Yuan Dynasty. —— "The Biography of Su Wu"

8. If the foreigners are close, there will be many tourists; if the danger is far, there will be few tourists. —— "A Journey to Baochan Mountain"

9. I and the four people entered with fire. ——"A Journey to Baochan Mountain"

10. The reason why I do this is to put national urgent matters first and then private hatred. ——"The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru" 2. What are the differences in the meanings of "Zhi, Zhi" in ancient Chinese and modern Chinese?

"Zhi" and "Zhi" are both conjunctions, but there is a big difference in their usage. difference.

"Zhizhi" means "all the way to", indicating the extension and development of range, quantity, degree, time, etc., generally referring to from small to large, from small to large, from shallow to deep.

For example:

1. From coastal cities to the vast rural areas, there is a prosperous and moving scene everywhere. (Table range)

2. To learn to swim, you must practice repeatedly once, twice or even ten times. (Table time, quantity)

3. In our country, discrimination or even abuse of women is never allowed. (Indicating degree)

In addition, "to" means even. It is used at the beginning of a sentence to indicate that a certain result will occur due to the situation in the previous clause.

For example:

He was so absorbed in his work that he did not even hear someone calling him.

"Cause" means "thereby causing" or "causing", which means that a certain result is caused due to the reasons mentioned above, mostly referring to undesirable results or undesirable outcomes.

For example:

There was insufficient investigation and research beforehand, leading to such a wrong conclusion.

In order to strengthen the use of these two words, the following exercises are attached:

1. Repeatedly and endlessly.

2. In the old society, the working people lived a very difficult life, and they could not even fill their stomachs.

3. Serious accidents occurred due to failure to pay attention to safe operation.

4. Think positively when encountering problems, and think of two, three or even multiple sides of the problem.

5. We must resolutely investigate and deal with party members and cadres who only care about themselves at critical moments and ignore the collective, leading to fear of death and fleeing from the battlefield.

6. He was so unprepared that he couldn't answer the teacher's questions at all. 3. Guan Zhonggai has reached this point. Classical Chinese translation

Translation: How could Guan Zhong reach this point? From Su Che's "Guan Zhong".

Appendix: Read the following classical Chinese text and complete questions 5 to 9. The late emperor tried to say: Guan Zhong united the nine princes to rule the world. Confucius praised Duke Huan for his benevolence, but he could not stop the rebellion of the five princes and made Duke Huan unable to be buried after his death. He said: "Guan Zhong Gai had to do this!" Guan Zhong had three qualities. After returning home, there were six people in Duke Huan who were fond of his wife, but they didn't think anything wrong about it. This was definitely the beginning of the disaster caused by the struggle between the common people.

However, as Duke Huan was old, Guan Zhong and Duke Huan planned for his death. They knew that all the disciples would have to fight, so they belonged to Duke Xiang of the Song Dynasty. Between a husband and his son, even if there is no separation between others, a wise man can do this.

What’s more, the harm caused by the Three Returns and the Sixth Love is being addicted to lust and unable to control oneself. If you don’t have yourself, you will be a human being! "Poetry" says: "If there is no competition for Wei people, they will be disciplined by others from all over the world." They are still obeying them from all over the world, but what about their family members? "Biography" says: "Guan Zhong was ill and dying, and Duke Huan asked who could be the prime minister.

Guan Zhong said: "Knowing your ministers is more important than Ruojun." The Duke said: "How is Yi Ya?" He said to him: "Kill your son.

"The public asked: "How about making a prescription?" He said: "It is not human to be close to the king." The public said: "How about being cunning? ’ He said: ‘I am from the palace to suit you as a king. It is inhumane and difficult to get close to.

'When Guan Zhong died, Duke Huan did not say anything about it. Three of his sons died, and disaster occurred in the second year. "There are always villains in the world. If there are gentlemen who take time off, the villains will not be able to develop their wisdom.

"Yu" said: "Shun had the world, and he chose among the people, promoted Gao Tao, and was not benevolent. Far away. Tang governs the world and is chosen among the people. If Yi Yin is promoted, those who are unkind will be far away. "

Why should everyone punish them! Guan Zhong knew that the villain was useless, but he had no way to control him. What was the use of it? If he could not control the body internally, he could not use people to relieve the worries of the world. The misfortune of Duke Xiang of the Song Dynasty had already been accomplished, and the people of the Song Dynasty resorted to fighting to rectify it. This is exactly what the previous emperor said (Su Che's "Guan Zhong"): "There is no sage in the world, and there are ministers but no king." I don't believe it when Duke Huan says that there will be no more Guan Zhong in the world.

Zhong's book records that when he was about to die, he said that Uncle Bao and Binxu were not good people, and each of them ignored their shortcomings. In my heart, I think that those who count their sons are not enough to support the country.

And I know that he is about to die, so his writing is not trustworthy. Therefore, there is a posthumous advice.

When Xiao He dies, he will be replaced by Cao Shen. This is the intention of the ministers.

The country prospers with one man and dies with one man. He is not sad about his own death, but worried about the decline of his country, so there must be a virtuous man, and then he can die. (Excerpt from Su Xun's "Guan Zhong Lun") 5. The correct interpretation of the following highlighted words is A. This is the origin of the disaster of fighting for the common people: coincides with it; B. He is the prince of the Song Dynasty and belongs to Duke Xiang of Song Dynasty: entrusted to him; C. There is a gentleman who has leisure time: leisurely D. Let each of them ignore their shortcomings: say bad things 6. The following dotted function words have the same usage: A. ① There are six people in Duke Huan who like his wife, but they don’t think it is wrong ② Unjust and rich and noble, so to me Floating clouds B. ① Shun has the world and is chosen by everyone ② Quick to do things but cautious in words C. ① Double the relationship to suit the king, impersonal and difficult to approach ② Yao and Shun commanded the world with benevolence, and the people followed it D. ① Know the necessity of all the disciples 7. The following statements are wrong: A. At the beginning of Su Che's article, he entered the topic from both positive and negative aspects, made clear the point of view of the article, and pointed out that Guan Zhong was a man with mixed merits and faults. person, as the basis for the following comments. B. Su Che's article used Guan Zhong's case to warn those in power in the Northern Song Dynasty not to repeat the mistakes of history.

Obviously, the meaning of the article is quite profound. In his argument, Su Zhe used a wealth of historical facts, multiple analogies, and repeated comparisons to analyze the truth very incisively and uniquely.

D. Su Xun's article is divided into four layers and uses sufficient methods. The historical facts summarize the lesson that Guan Zhong could not recommend a virtuous person to his successor before his death, and serve as a warning to future generations. 8. In the following paragraphs, the correct sentence is that Song Xianggong could not govern himself internally and could not use people to relieve the worries of the world. After the disaster had already happened, the people of the Song Dynasty resorted to fighting to rectify it. This is exactly what the previous kings said: "It cannot be cured internally / it cannot be used externally / it is the worry of people to change the world / but it belongs to Duke Xiang of the Song Dynasty / Now that it has been accomplished/then the people of the Song Dynasty resorted to fighting to rectify it/it is almost too late/the former emperor’s theory goes like this: you can neither manage the body internally/cannot employ people externally/it is the worry of the changing world/it is the misfortune of Duke Xiang of the Song Dynasty. It has been accomplished/Then people of the Song Dynasty used war to rectify it/It’s so bad/The previous king’s theory goes like this: You can’t cure the body internally/Can’t use people externally/To express the worries of the changing world/But it belongs to Song Xianggong/To cause disaster It has been completed/Then people of the Song Dynasty used fighting to rectify it/It’s almost too late/The previous emperor’s theory was that you can’t cure the body internally/It can’t be used externally/People are worried about the changing world and they belong to Song Xianggong/The disaster has already been caused After success/the people of the Song Dynasty used fighting to achieve justice/it is almost/possible/the theory of the past emperors/yun'er.

9. Translate the following sentences. (10 points) (1) Guan Zhonggai has achieved this! (3 points) (2) Guan Zhong was ill and dying. Duke Huan asked who could be the minister.

(3 points) (3) And if you know that he is about to die, then his book is not credible enough. (4 points) Reference answer: 5.B (A. Shi: direct wife, the first wife is called "suitable" under the feudal patriarchal system.

C. Xian: making people leisurely (idle). D. Shu: Statement in sections.)

6.A (A. They are all transitional conjunctions, but.

B. ①From, ②Yes; C. ①Indicative, to ②Use; D. ①Cancel the independence of the sentence, ②For.) 7.A 8.C (Reference answer: It is impossible to cure the body internally, and it is impossible to use people externally. It is a worry in the world, but it belongs to Song Xianggong, and the disaster has already happened. , and then the people of the Song Dynasty fought against it.

What a shame! The previous emperor said this. ) 9. Reference answer: (1) How could Guan Zhong reach this point? (2) Guan Zhong was seriously ill and was about to die. Duke Huan asked him who could be the prime minister.

(3) And he expected to die. This book is simply ridiculous and not worth believing.

Scoring details: 10 points, (1) 3 points, "youyi", "zhi", "this", 1 point each. (2) 3 points, "qie", "shi", and sentence structure, 1 point each; (3) 4 points, "ni", "danfan", "zu", and "xin", 1 point each. 4. Ancient texts or famous sayings advocating the application of knowledge

Hello, when hundreds of rivers reach the east and the sea reaches the sea, when will they return to the west? If a young man does not work hard, the old man will be miserable.

(Han Yuefu "Long Song Xing") To learn a hundred things, one must first be determined. (Zhu Xi) The edge of a sword comes from sharpening, and the fragrance of plum blossoms comes from the bitter cold.

The pen falls in the storm, and the poem becomes the weeping ghosts and gods. (Du Fu) If you don't know how to be a prostitute, I will be your teacher.

(Du Fu) Be broad-minded and make reservations, accumulate thickly but only thinly. (Su Shi) Learn it eruditely, interrogate it, think carefully, discern it clearly, and practice it sincerely.

("Ji Hu Guang Jiao Jiao Gui Xie Han Mao Li Ji") If you don't climb the mountains, you don't know how high the sky is; if you don't face the deep streams, you don't know how thick the earth is. ("Xunzi") If you don't fly, you will reach the sky; if you don't sing, you will become a blockbuster.

(Sima Qian) If you don’t worry about others, you don’t know yourself; when you worry, you don’t know others. (Confucius) If you don’t enter the tiger’s den, how can you catch the tiger’s cubs? (Book of the Later Han Dynasty) If there is no blockage and no flow, it will not work.

(Han Yu) I don’t know the true face of Mount Lu, just because I am in this mountain. (Su Shi) Don't be afraid of the floating clouds covering your eyes, because you are at the highest level.

(Wang Anshi) Without rules, it is impossible to build a square garden. (Mencius) Be erudite without being exhausted, practice without being tired.

—— "Book of Rites" △ Not hearing is worse than hearing it, hearing it is worse than seeing it, seeing it is worse than knowing it, knowing it is worse than doing it, and learning stops when you practice it. ——[Warring States] Xunzi △Having no money is called poverty, learning but not being able to do it is called illness.

——[Han] Liu Xiang △Learning is the best thing to do; speaking is the second thing; teaching people is the second thing; Xian Wuyan is for everyone. ——[Han] Yang Xiong △A gentleman has learned something, but he is troubled by not being able to do it; having learned it well, he is troubled by not being accustomed to it; having learned it, he is troubled by being ignorant; having known it, he is troubled by not being able to do it; having been able to do it, he is troubled by it. , you can let me do it.

——[Han] Dade △Knowing but not doing anything is better than not knowing. ——"Confucius' Family Sayings" △It is impossible to describe the physics in detail; it is difficult to describe how to apply it to things, but it is easy to know by trying it.

——[Jin] Fu Xuan △If you hear something in the morning, go to it in the evening. ——"Book of the Later Han Dynasty" △Those who know are not as good as those who practice.

——[Sui] Wang Tong △Wise is not to do too much, but to do what you know. ——[Tang Dynasty] Wei Zheng △There are not many troubles in reading, but there are not many troubles in thinking about meaning.

If you are suffering enough, you will not learn, and if you are learning, you will not be able to do it. ——[Tang Dynasty] Han Yu △Think carefully and act diligently.

——[Tang Dynasty] Bai Juyi △A scholar is more valuable than doing it, but not responsible for knowing it. ——[Song Dynasty] Sima Guang △Knowing but not being able to do it means only knowing a little.

——[Song Dynasty] Cheng Yi △Those who hear about the major events in the world are not as good as those who see them, and those who see them are not as good as those who live in them. ——[Song Dynasty] Lu You △After reading it on paper, I finally realize it, but I know that I have to do it in detail.

——[Song Dynasty] Lu You △Zhi means the eyes; Xing means the toes. ——[Song Dynasty] Yang Wanli △In general, there are only two ways to learn, which is to practice knowledge and practice.

——[Song Dynasty] Zhu Xi △In terms of order, knowledge comes first; in terms of severity, behavior is the most important. ——[Song Dynasty] Zhu Xi △Extensive learning is not as good as knowing the essentials; knowing the essentials is not as practical as practicing.

——[Song Dynasty] Zhu Xi △If you act, your knowledge will advance; if your knowledge is deep, your actions will be more effective. ——[Song Dynasty] Zhu Xi △Don’t follow the examples to learn the Six Taoist teachings on paper, and don’t follow the corrupt Confucianism and annotate the Five Classics.

——[Song Dynasty] Liu Guo △Reading will make you understand and apply it. ——[Song Dynasty] Yang Shi △Learning is more important than completing it. Once it is completed, it will be put into practice; if you can’t complete your career through learning, and you can’t complete your learning by using it, then it is not learning.

——[Song Dynasty] Yang Shi △If you know the shallow and the deep, your actions will be far and near. This is the effect of learning. ——[Song Dynasty] Yang Shi △Those who know a lot are like storing medicines widely. Knowing what to use is the most valuable thing.

——[Song Dynasty] Yang Shi △Observe history as if you are personally involved in it. When you see the pros and cons of things and the disasters of the times, you will hide them and think for yourself. If I encounter such things, where should I deal with them? By viewing history in this way, learning can be advanced and knowledge can be advanced, which is beneficial. ——[Song Dynasty] Lu Zuqian △A person who learns Taoism is just like learning archery.

——[Song Dynasty] Hu Hong △There is only one thing to say, for those who are willing to offer it to the king, it is said to do it. ——[Song Dynasty] Wen Tianxiang △When discussing academics, one should look at the person; when discussing politics, one should examine the time.

——[Ming] Fang Xiaoru △Unity of knowledge and action. ——[Ming Dynasty] Wang Shouren △The person who knows is the beginning of action, and the person who knows is the beginning of action.

——[Ming] Wang Shouren △True knowledge means doing it. Failure to do it is not called knowledge. ——[Ming] Wang Shouren △Knowing but not acting is just unknown.

——[Ming Dynasty] Wang Shouren △After all the learning in the world, there is no one who is not good at it, but he can be called a scholar. ——[Ming Dynasty] Wang Shouren △The hearing and seeing of the ears and eyes, and good use of them can broaden their minds.

——[Ming Dynasty] Wang Tingxiang △The scholar-slave laughs year after year, and is the same as a virgin for no reason in his life. There is no one in the world who doesn't read, but book slaves die by reading.

——[Ming Dynasty] Li Zhi △The word "experience" is the most familiar to scholars. ——[Ming Dynasty] Hu Juren △Learning must be done on your own.

——[Ming Dynasty] Hu Juren △Scholars should first understand the body and mind, which is the foundation of all things. ——[Ming Dynasty] Hu Juren △When you encounter difficult things, you can gain knowledge; when you deal with difficult people, you can practice your nature and learn from it.

——[Ming Dynasty] Xu Zhenji △A scholar can combine the strengths of many people and combine them into one. If Yi Ya is blended with five flavors, it will be a complete flavor. ——[Ming Dynasty] Xie Zhen △A good scholar’s ??ambition is to be a saint, but his actions are always based on humiliation.

——[Qing Dynasty] Huang Zongxi △Action can be known at the same time, but knowing cannot be done at the same time. ——[Qing Dynasty] Wang Fuzhi △ Only then can you know the truth.

——[Qing Dynasty] Wang Fuzhi △Know what you are doing without hesitation, and you can do it without hesitation. ——[Qing Dynasty] Wang Fuzhi △Knowing and doing two, although you know it, you are still ignorant, and although you are doing it, you are not doing it.

——[Qing Dynasty] Tang Zhen △The understanding of world affairs is knowledge, and the understanding of human feelings is writing. ——[Qing] Cao Xueqin Please accept it, thank you. 5. What are the ancient texts or famous sayings that advocate "applying what you learn"

1. To learn a hundred things, you must first make a determination. - Zhu Xi

Definition: No matter what knowledge you do, you must first make a determination. Have high aspirations.

2. When the wind and rain fell, the poem became a poem that made the ghosts and gods weep. - Du Fu

Definition: When I saw him writing, the wind and rain sighed; when I saw his poem, the ghosts and gods were moved. Moved to tears.

3. Don’t cut the fake style to be elegant, Zhuan Yiduo is your teacher.——Du Fu

Interpretation: Distinguish, cut, and eliminate those poems that are poor in form and content. Study the elegant tradition of "The Book of Songs" and humbly learn from the predecessors. The more teachers there are, this is your real teacher.

4. Be broad-minded and appreciative; accumulate thickly but only thinly. - Su Shi

Interpretation: Only by having extensive knowledge can we select the essentials; only through accumulation It is rich and can be used easily for me.

5. Learn extensively, interrogate, think carefully, discern clearly, and practice sincerely. - "Book of Rites"

Definition: Study extensively and in many aspects, ask questions in detail , think carefully, distinguish clearly, and act in a down-to-earth manner.

6. If you don’t climb a high mountain, you don’t know how high the sky is; if you don’t go to a deep stream, you don’t know how deep the earth is. - "Xunzi"

Definition: If you don’t climb a high mountain, you don’t know how high the sky is. I don’t know how high the sky is; I don’t know how deep the earth is unless I walk into the deep valley.