"GongSunLong (about 325 ~ 250 BC) was a philosopher in China during the Warring States Period. The famous representative of the White School. At the end of the warring States period, the people of Zhao state. Eloquent, he was once a public figure in Ping Yuanjun. He put forward propositions such as "leaving the white stone" and "a white horse is not a horse", arguing that "people who can't see what they are strong and get what they are white have no power"; If you can't get white, if you can't get strong, there will be no white. It emphasizes the difference between vision and touch, so you can "strengthen white stone". It also analyzes the relationship between the general and the individual, emphasizes the difference between "white horse" (individual) and "horse" (general), and draws the conclusion that "white horse is not a horse". Gong Sunlong also put forward the theory of "only dependence", emphasizing that "name" must be definite, and this name refers exclusively to this reality and that name refers exclusively to that reality. He also made a preliminary discussion on the classification of concepts and put forward some important opinions on the similarities and differences of concepts. GongSunLong's viewpoint exaggerated the difference between things and concepts and denied their identity, but he was not a sophist in the usual sense. Many of his viewpoints were groundbreaking and promoted the development of China's ancient logic thought. Gongsun Zilong, written by Gongsun Long in Han Shu Literature and Art Annals, is the main material for studying Gongsun Long's thoughts.

Xunzi (325-238 BC) was a philosopher and educator in China at the end of the Warring States Period. Master of materialist philosophy in pre-Qin period.

Xunzi's name is Qing. Zhao (now southern Shanxi Province) was born. It is said that at the age of 0/5,/kloc-went to Xia Ji, Qi to "study and travel" and later became a prestigious leader under Xia Ji. He was recruited to the Qin Dynasty around 264 BC. From the standpoint of Confucianism, he put forward the proposal of "preserving strength and opposing literature" to achieve unity, which was not adopted by the rulers of Qin State. After studying in Zhao and Chu, he was appointed as the order of Lanling (now Lanling Town, Cangshan County, Shandong Province) by Chun. In his later years, he actively engaged in teaching and writing, summed up the theoretical achievements of hundreds of theories, and founded a complete simple materialist philosophy system in the pre-Qin period. His thoughts are reflected in Xunzi, which comprehensively summarizes some important philosophical issues raised in hundred schools of thought's contention in pre-Qin period.

Adapting to the historical trend of feudal unification, Xunzi established his own ideological system by using the method of "uncovering" on the basis of comprehensively criticizing and summarizing the theories of a hundred schools since the Warring States Period, which made an important contribution to the development of simple materialist philosophy in the pre-Qin period. But his theoretical contribution also contains serious historical limitations. As a master of pre-Qin philosophers, Xunzi's thoughts influenced Han Fei, Wang Chong, Liu Zongyuan, Liu Yuxi, Yan Fu and Zhang Taiyan in modern times to varying degrees. However, Xunzi's theory has long been regarded as different from Confucian orthodoxy, so it never reached orthodoxy in feudal society. "

Qu Yuan was a figure at the end of the Warring States Period. I only know these two figures. As for that famous saying, Gong Sunlong's famous saying-white horses are not white, and patients are inhuman. I only know this sentence''', but Xunzi won't say'' Go back and have a look. ; Xunzi > just knows! !