As early as 1923, melanie klein invented game technology and applied it to children's psychoanalysis. Her first children's game case was only two years and nine months old. At first, she did psychological analysis in the visitor's home, using the visitor's own toys. Later, she found that psychoanalysis should not be done in the children's home, which is not conducive to the establishment of empathy situation, and it is easy to cause the mother's contradictory attitude and make the treatment hostile. "(Empathy situation) Only when patients can feel that the treatment room or game room is separated from their daily family life can they be established and maintained." In the same year, Klein gave a psychological analysis to a seven-year-old girl, this time in Klein's own home. However, the previous treatments made no progress, which made Klein feel helpless and even found that she began to retreat. Once, Klein went to his children's nursery to get some toys, cars, little people, some building blocks and a toy train, and put them in a box for the patients. The children immediately became interested in these toys and began to play. Klein explained by observing her performance, the analysis began to progress smoothly, and the children's performance at school and at home also improved.

What is the significance of sandplay therapy?

Klein believes that game activities can express infinite variety of outbound emotions. At the same time, in children's games, we can find the repetition of real experiences and details of daily life, which are often intertwined with their subconscious fantasies.

Sandplay was formally founded by Carl Weiyu 1957, a Swiss Jungian analytical psychologist. She injected Jung's unconscious theory of analytical psychology into the sandbox game, highlighting the prototype and symbolic role, thus making the sandbox game have the therapeutic effect of psychoanalysis. Tracing back to the source, the sandbox game can be traced back to the English writer H. Wells in 19 1 1 year. G .Wells wrote FLOOR GAMES, describing the game process between him and his two sons, aged ten and eight respectively. They use all kinds of toys on the floor to form different game contents, and the children have fun and input, showing exciting imagination and creativity. British psychologist Margaret? Margaret Lowenfeld, inspired by floor games, created the "world technology", the predecessor of sandbox games. In her clinic, children put toys and models on two plates filled with sand and water respectively, which became an effective communication tool between Luo winfield and children, just like a kind of "language", showing children's "problems".

After learning Luo winfield's world technology, Calvi combined Jung's psychological theory and China culture to create the sandbox game and its theory.

Professor Shen believes that sandplay therapy is a psychotherapy method developed and founded by Calvi, and it is a creative form of using images for treatment. "It is the concentrated refinement of the energy of physical and spiritual life" (Jung). It is characterized by the use of sand, water and sand tools to create images in the relationship between doctors and patients and the "space of freedom and protection" of sand table. A series of sand table images in sand table create a continuous dialogue between consciousness and unconsciousness in sand table players' hearts, and the healing process and personality development inspired by it.

Klein's game technology is compared with Calve's sandbox game, which is mainly manifested in two points:

First, the freedom and restriction of space are different. Klein's game technology has almost no space restrictions. The sink is also a place for children to play, and children can bring their own things to play. The sandbox game has a clear space, mainly two fixed-size sandbox filled with sand. Of course, children sometimes play games outside the sandbox, but at least they are only allowed to play in the sandbox room, not outside the consulting room. Sandware is also prepared by consultants, emphasizing a boundary.

Second, the theoretical basis and technology used are different. Klein takes Freud's classic psychoanalysis as the theoretical basis, emphasizing that psychological counselors follow children, participate in his game process and establish empathy situations. The focus of the game is empathy analysis and interpretation. Sandplay emphasizes the creation of a "free and protective space", and psychological counselors accept and tolerate children's "empathy and anti-empathy", so that children can create various images in the sandbox, connect consciousness and subconscious to realize transformation, thus achieving healing effect and personality development.

But what I want to emphasize in this article is their common ground, that is, they are all technologies created by children's own game nature, and they all use games as an effective tool to communicate with children. Moreover, Klein believes that to use all kinds of small toys, toys must be non-mechanical. This is almost consistent with the requirements of sand tools. Games are children's nature. Whether it is Welsh floor games, Klein's game technology, Los winfield's world technology, or Calvi's sand table games, children's spontaneous nature-play.

The first point is to establish a good consultation and visiting relationship. Letting children play, playing with children and playing with children are the most effective ways to establish a good relationship between consultation and interview in children's counseling. Children's visitors are generally reluctant to call counselors "teachers", or when you want to talk to them (school children), they will first ask, "Can you stop talking to me like a teacher?" Games have therapeutic significance, which can alleviate the resistance of visitors, let children enter the subconscious, and establish situational stories through moving rather than static games to achieve the function of self-healing.

In the sand table game, Shen emphasized that "what you get from your heart should be given to your hands", which is a heart-based spiritual healing process. The so-called heart, including the inner part of the subconscious mind, connects the body (hand) with the outside world (sand and sand tools), cures its uneasiness and makes it safe. I give sandbox game another symbolic meaning from the perspective of children. I think sandbox game is a child's womb. The children in the sandbox are like returning to a safe uterus, where the counselor has created a "free and protected space" to accommodate and wait. Freedom means that a child can do whatever he wants in the sandbox. He doesn't necessarily need the participation of consultants, but he needs the acceptance and persistence of consultants. With this, children can quickly enter the subconscious world, even the collective subconscious world, and realize the connection between consciousness and subconscious in quicksand and flowing games, thus realizing self-healing and development.

Protection expresses that the consultant is like a huge sand tool, symbolizing protection and safety. It can be a child's subconscious fantasy projection, and the consultant should be able to feel it. Sometimes, the child cuts off my hand with a knife and cooks it. Sometimes, a child wants me to play his patient; Sometimes, he will pee his pants or shit in front of me. Whether it is positive projection or negative projection, the child is in a safe womb, which is allowed in his safe space. As a result, the child makes the subconscious emerge almost without resistance, and the inner energy begins to gather, just like Jung's alchemy, reaching a balance in the sand table space, thus gaining a stronger self to cope with the external world. This is the therapeutic significance of sand table games.