2. Understand and master the usage of common function words "zhi", "yi" and "er".
3. Learn to use the key words in the text to analyze the characters.
4. Understand the truth that "practice makes perfect" and how one should view one's own strengths and the strengths of others.
teaching emphases and difficulties
the meaning and usage of key notional words and commonly used function words.
Introduction of new lessons in the first class 1. Introduction of texts
There is a saying in China: "Three hundred and sixty lines, each line will be the best." This sentence is often used to praise craftsmen from all walks of life. In the past thousands of years, there have been countless such skilled craftsmen. In Ouyang Xiu's works, an old man who looks ordinary but has special skills-selling oil Weng. Let's get to know the author first:
2. Author's brief introduction
Ouyang Xiu, whose name is Yongshu, is a drunkard himself, and in his later years, he was also named Liuyi Jushi, a native of Yongfeng, Jizhou, Northern Song Dynasty. He was recognized as a literary leader at that time, and he was an outstanding writer in prose, poetry and ci. He United and trained many famous authors and led the poetry innovation movement in the Northern Song Dynasty. In the past, six of the "eight masters of Tang and Song Dynasties" belonged to this group of writers in this period.
(Do you know the Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties? ) These eight masters are: Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan in Tang Dynasty, Ouyang Xiu, Wang Anshi, Ceng Gong, Su Xun, Su Shi and Su Zhe in Song Dynasty. We have learned some quatrains from Han, Su and Wang. Ouyang Xiu was the leader of the ancient prose movement in the Northern Song Dynasty, and wrote a lot of prose works in his life. His articles are concise, lucid, thorough in reasoning, lyrical and fluent in objects, concise in language, tactful and tortuous in wording, with chic style and strong lyrical atmosphere. In the future, we will learn from his masterpiece "Drunken Pavilion" to appreciate its beauty.
This article is only 135 words, which can be regarded as a sketch in prose, and is selected from the Record of Returning to the Field. This book is a book that records the anecdotes of the imperial court and the humorous words of the literati.
Next, let's get to know Ouyang Xiu's seemingly ordinary but stunted old man, the oil seller.
3. Check and preview
Consulting Z Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ
2. Students blaspheme the text, and get a preliminary understanding of the whole story and the main characters by combining the text notes, so as to dredge the meaning of the text.
3. Students learn new words by themselves and find problems.
3. Interaction between teachers and students
1. Teachers show the outline of "The Oil Man" in turn for students to retell the story:
1) Yao's advice is good at shooting
2) Yao's advice is self-satisfied
3) The oil man is weak
4) Chen Yaozi talks with the oil man
5. )
Distinguish the part-of-speech meanings of words such as Yi, Yu, Er, Dan, Zhi and Zhong.
Example: light: Er 'an dares to shoot lightly! "(light, used as a verb, look down. )
shoot: try shooting at home (shoot, verb, archery)
Er 'an dares to shoot lightly (shoot, noun, fencing)
One: there is an oil man who releases his burden and stands upright, but he is arrogant (pronoun, referring to Chen archery)
But slightly arrogant (one) On behalf of "gourd")
Laugh and send it away (pronoun, on behalf of "oil seller")
3. Teachers guide students to think:
(1). What are the characteristics of Chen Yaozi, the first character in the story? (shooter)
(2). How did the oil seller appear in the scene? How are your movements and demeanor? (There is movement in silence)
(Attachment: The Oil Man) Translation: Chen Yaozi was good at archery. At that time, no one in the world could compare with him, and he boasted about it. Once, he used to shoot an arrow in his garden. An old man selling oil put down the burden he was carrying and stood aside, looking at him carelessly and never leaving. The old man saw that Chen Yaozi could shoot eight or nine arrows out of ten, but nodded slightly in approval of the situation.
kang sugong asked, "can you shoot arrows, too? Isn't my archery skill also superb? " The old man said, "There is no other mystery, just familiarity." Kang Sugong said angrily: "How dare you despise my archery skills!" The old man said, "I can understand this truth with my experience in pouring oil." So the old man took a gourd and put it on the ground, covered its mouth with copper coins, and slowly poured the oil into the gourd with a spoon. The oil was injected from the hole of the copper coins, but the copper coins were not wet. The old man said, "I have no other secrets about this skill, but I am familiar with it." Chen Yaozi saw this and had to smile and send the old man away.
Fourth, class summary
1. Telling a complete story should pay attention to explaining the characters, the course and the result of the incident. This paper describes the fact that the oil seller drained oil from the money hole, and explains the truth that practice makes perfect.
2. To understand the meanings of notional words and function words in classical Chinese, we must link them with the whole sentence. Only by mastering the meanings of these key words can we better understand the content of the text.
5. Homework after class
1. Familiarize yourself with the text and translate the full text
2. Think about the exercises after class
Second class, review and lead in
1. Students read the text together.
2. According to the blackboard writing of last class, name the students to retell the text.
3. Tell the story of Oil Man in groups.
2. Interaction between teachers and students
1. Read the text and talk about how Chen Yaozi's attitude towards the oil man changed before and after. Which words in the text show these changes? Why is there such a change?
Chen Yaozi-smug-indignant-laughing off
Practice makes perfect
Selling oil Weng-slightly chin-smiling and answering-eating oil
It is clear that the attitude change of Chen Yaozi team selling oil Weng is: smug-indignant-laughing off, while Chen Yaozi sells oil.
2. After reading this story and the change of Chen Yaozi's attitude towards the oil man, what do you think Chen Yaozi learned from it? (or why wake up) How should we view the strengths of ourselves and others? What does this story inspire us to learn cultural knowledge well?
clear: ask the students before discussion and then answer: "Practice makes perfect", and then ask them freely.
3. Taste the unique sentiment of classical Chinese words. Why did the author make the truth clear, vivid and thought-provoking in such a short space without making any comments? This is because:
(1) The cutting is reasonable. (The guest and the host are clear, and the complexity is appropriate)
The materials in life are treated in reasonable detail. The protagonist is an oil seller, writing about Chen's good shooting, just to foil the good action of the oil seller. Therefore, writing the essence of Chen's shooting skills is only a general explanation, without rendering. The main pen and ink are put on the spot operation of oil, and the line drawing technique is adopted, which is delicate and vivid. This is a little bit, and it is as precious as gold;
the details should be splashed with ink. The details are clear, and the movements, manners, craftsmanship and arguments are all written accurately. One paragraph is detailed, the other is abbreviated, the other is abbreviated, the other is abbreviated, and the second is abbreviated, and the second is repeated, which is subject to the requirements of highlighting the center. This is because the author has keen observation and is familiar with the phenomena in life. )
(2) The contrast is sharp. The text always compares two people to write.
Chen Yaozi oil man
Skills:
Good shooting (nine times out of ten) Good acting (stunts)
Insight:
Self-conceited and clumsy
Attitude:
Impetuous and calm
(3) Refined language.
A clever hunter can shoot down birds with one shot, so can the use of language. Refine, express and portray the carefully observed results with precise words, and you will be born with verbs and adjectives that draw actions, demeanor and psychological activities.
Thinking: What expressions and attitudes do the following words show respectively?
1) Gong also prides himself on this
2) Having an oil salesman released his burden, he scorned it and stayed there for a long time
3) Seeing that it hit home in nine cases out of ten, but he was slightly disappointed
4) Kang Su laughed and dismissed it
clearly: "Regret" shows Chen Yaozi's complacency.
"Hu" shows the indifferent modality of the oil seller.
"Slight" means that the oil seller only slightly appreciated Chen Yaozi's performance, but it was not so good.
"Laughter" shows Chen Yaozi's sudden repentance
III. Linking life
Talk about the example of "Practice makes perfect" in learning in life, and talk about how we should deal with the difficulties in study and life.
Summary: We are opposed to playing with things, carving small skills, selling oil fools makes perfect in professional skills, and we should also practice basic skills where practice makes perfect. After 36 lines, we will be the best in each line. We should be a promising young generation, willing to endure hardships, and we will achieve results in the end.
4. Homework after class
1. Recite the text
2. Finish the exercise
① Distinguish the differences in meaning or tone of the added words in the following groups.
I'm proud of it, but I'm familiar with it
I know it by oil, but I dare to shoot lightly
You also know it by shooting lightly
② Explain the meaning of the words added below
Be good at shooting and boasting, and try to explain that there is no one else to bear the arrow
③ The word is ambiguous:
Stand with pride and releasing the burden
. Don't be wet
send it away with money
but it's slightly sad
send it away with oil
smile
think about oil
④ What does this short article mean? There are four opinions as follows. Remember a more comprehensive one is ().
A, this essay powerfully illustrates the truth that practice makes perfect.
B, this essay shows the profound truth that we should not rely on technical pride. Chen Yaozi's "being good at shooting and boasting" is the outline of this article, and its essence is the contradiction between arrogance and modesty. This article is not diligent, it is arrogant.
C, this paper illustrates the truth that practice makes perfect through two small things: Kang Su-gong's "good shooting" and the oil seller's "taking care of oil";
at the same time, it also shows that some of a person's specialties are not mysterious, which is the result of hard study and hard practice, so you should not be "complacent" and should not be arrogant.
D, this paper shows the author's ridicule of this arrogant and arrogant dignitary through the fact that Chen Yaozi was frustrated in front of the oil man.
knowledge and ability of teaching objectives
1. Cultivate the ability to read classical Chinese and understand the meaning of this article. Cultivate the ability to understand the text with the help of reference books and notes.
2. master the content words in classical Chinese and accumulate words.
3. Understand the truth that "practice makes perfect" and you can't be complacent.
4. Understand the method of using dialogue description to describe the characters' personality.
process and method
1. Through reading teaching, students can understand the meaning of this article.
2. Cultivate students' ability to understand the text with reference books and notes.
3. Through reading and discussion, I can understand the truth that "practice makes perfect" and I can't be complacent.
Emotion, attitude and values
1. Understand the truth that "practice makes perfect", prove the truth that "practice makes perfect" from life, and practice the truth that "practice makes perfect" personally.
2. Understand the virtue of modesty, understand why we should be modest, and apply it in our life practice.
Teaching emphases, difficulties and breakthrough emphases
1. Learn the methods of portraying characters in this article.
2. Understand the truth revealed in this article.
Difficulties
Analyze the personality characteristics of the characters.
teaching breakthrough
students can grasp the content of the text as a whole by reading the text repeatedly;
Strengthen the understanding of key and difficult points through exercise training;
Develop students' learning methods and habits through extension.
teaching process and steps (1) create scenes and introduce new lessons
1. hold a darts competition to see who has the best score and talk about the secret of getting good grades.
2. Question: Who can name two idioms that begin with a hundred words to describe excellent archery skills? (A hundred shots hit the target, a hundred paces hit the target)
3. In the article, Chen Yaozi is very good at shooting "nine times out of ten", but the oil man doesn't think so. Why? Let's learn the text "Oil Man" and see why.
(2) Read the text and grasp the content of the text
1. Guide students to read aloud from the aspects of pronunciation, tone, emotion and manner.
2. Guide students to discuss the main idea of the text.
3. Guide the students to retell the story.
(3) Ask questions and summarize the main idea of the text
1. What are the usages of "Er, Yi, Hu and Er" in the text?
2. Find out the sentences describing Chen Yaozi and the oil man, and think about how Chen Yaozi's attitude changed.
3. Is the main idea of this text to criticize Chen Yaozi's complacency, or to tell us that "practice makes perfect"?
(4) Discussion on writing methods
1. Discussion and speech
(1) Detailed arrangement
(2) Description of dialogue
(3) Comparison of characters
(4) Means of putting truth into stories
(5) Expanding activities
1. Connecting with real life respectively.
2. Write two famous aphorisms on this topic.
(6) Summary of this lesson
In this lesson, we learned the article "Selling Oil Man" and learned the truth that "practice makes perfect", and we also learned the truth that we should not be complacent. In addition, the students also raised many questions, and the spirit of daring to question is very good. In the future, we will know how to use this principle to learn and be a man.
Students complete the following formative learning task list
Name: Class:
1. Learning objectives
1. Students can read the text correctly and read the vivid personality of the characters;
from reading aloud, I can understand the different personality characteristics of two people.
2. Understand the content of the text, feel the vivid characters and understand the truth that "practice makes perfect".
second, self-study questions
read the text by yourself according to the requirements and questions.
1. Find out the words you can't pronounce with footnotes, and clear the word barriers with the help of reference books.
2. What are the strengths of the two characters in this article? You went from