Original text: Ancient scholars must have teachers. A teacher is the one who preaches the truth, receives karma and resolves doubts. People are not born with knowledge, how can they be free from confusion? If you are confused and do not follow the teacher, it is confusion, and you will never be able to understand it. Those who were born before me, they heard the Tao before me, and I learned from them; those born after me, they heard the Tao before me, and I learned from them. My teacher, do you know who was born to me one year or another? Therefore, there is neither high nor low, neither long nor short. Where the Tao exists, the teacher exists.

From: Tang Dynasty: Han Yu's "Teacher's Theory"

Translation: People who studied in ancient times must have teachers. Teachers are used to teach principles, teach students, and answer difficult questions. People are not born knowing the truth. Who can be without doubts? If you have doubts and don't learn from the teacher, those difficult problems will never be solved. People who were born before me knew the truth before me, so I would follow him and worship him as my teacher; people who were born after me, if he knew the truth before me, I would also follow him and worship him as my teacher. teacher.

I learned principles from him. Who cares if he is older or younger than me? Therefore, as far as learning from a teacher is concerned, there is no distinction between high and low, no distinction between senior and young. Where the truth exists, that is where the teacher is.

Appreciation: Ancient scholars must have teachers. A teacher is the one who preaches the truth, receives karma and resolves doubts. It first puts forward the conclusion that "ancient scholars must have teachers", and then summarizes the role of teachers in "preaching, accepting karma and solving doubts" as the starting point and basis for the entire argument. Then the sentences are connected to each other, and the viewpoint of "where the Tao exists, the teacher exists" is deduced. At the same time, at the beginning, it is solemnly stated that "scholars in ancient times must have teachers", which implicitly contains criticism of "scholars today" for not following teachers, which naturally lays the groundwork for the second paragraph. When translating this sentence, we should pay attention to the meaning and function of "zhe...ye..." and "so" in the sentence pattern.

Extended information:

Techniques for appreciating ancient poetry. Appreciation of ancient poetry comes in steps. First of all, we need to look at the title and author. If necessary, we can understand the background of the times and the author's mental journey when he wrote this poem. At the same time, you should also pay attention to the title of the poem. The title can generally highlight the central idea of ??the person, and the whole poem really revolves around the central idea.