Portrait of Yang Zhu
First of all, we need to know the difference between Yang Zhu's Yang Zhu School and Mohism, so as to better understand this story. Yang Zhu's Mohist thought has gone beyond the limits of human morality, so Yang Zhu stood up against Mozi's point of view at this time. As we all know, the core of Mozi's thought is "universal love", while the core of Yang Zhu's thought is "valuing life, valuing oneself and valuing existence". So the two people have very different ideas. Yang Zhu attaches great importance to protecting his own life and opposes plundering himself and others.
Once, Li _, a student of Mozi, asked Yang Zhu, "It's good for everyone if you pull out a hair from your body. Are you willing to do it? " On the other hand, Yang Zhu replied to Li Shili that all people's problems in the world can't be solved by pulling out a hair. Li Shili added, if you can, will you? So Yang Zhu didn't answer. Mencius, another thinker at that time, also had his own comments on Mozi and Yang Zhu: "Ann takes me as her own responsibility, pulling out a finger and benefiting the world. This is not for nothing. Therefore, Mozi loves everything and benefits the world. " This is the origin of miser.
What is Yang Zhu's view of happiness?
Yang Zhu didn't systematically sort out his view of happiness. Maybe he didn't know the concept of happiness at that time. However, we can sum up Yang Zhu's thoughts from the perspective of harmony between man and nature, and discover Yang Zhu's view of happiness.
Portrait of Yang Zhu
It is also reasonable for later generations to classify the Yang Zhu School into the category of Taoism. Because Taoism believes that a meaningful life is a life that satisfies people's physiological desires. We can roughly understand that this is the Taoist view of happiness, because if a person's physiological desires can be satisfied, he can be said to be happy. At this point, Yang Zhu School and Taoism are strikingly similar, because the core idea of Yang Zhu School is to "value yourself" and put forward the importance of oneself and life. Therefore, at this point, Yang Zhu School and Taoism have a high degree of consistency, both of which are people-oriented.
From the miser of later generations, we can know that Yang Zhu believed that happiness was based on self-preservation and opposed others' plundering of himself, so he returned to the central idea of "attaching importance to himself". One should satisfy one's material desires, attach importance to one's desires, and despise external things around him. It should be said that Yang Zhu's viewpoint theoretically affirmed the significance of ordinary people's lives, and also provided Taoism with values different from Confucianism. People think that ordinary people should pursue satisfaction, happiness and longevity in order to achieve inner peace. This kind of thinking makes China society less impetuous.
What is the main content of?
Liezi Yang Zhu has another one.
Yangzhu
Yang Zhu split the relationship between name and reality, thinking that name and reality do not necessarily overlap, and reality does not necessarily depend on name and reality. Yang Zhu listed the life experiences of Guan Zhong, Yao, Shun, Bo Yi and Shu Qi, and showed all kinds of unfair phenomena of "poor real name, rich false name". Yang Zhu believes that only death can completely solve the gap between the rich and the poor in the world. After death, all the moral aura and the blessings of the benevolent will disappear, and kindness and stupidity will become bones.
From this perspective, Yang Zhu reviewed the historical process of human suffering and his short wandering life. So does Yang Zhu think that what people can grasp is what is in front of them, food, clothes and so on? Compared with the present material enjoyment, any fame before death and glory after death are just shackles that bind people. Some people have scruples about the degree of punishment, moral education and people's concern for life. Everyone wants to be famous before and after death. This is just a puppet of etiquette and reputation.
Finally, Yang Zhu worried that his views were overcorrected, so he began to reason, reason, and prove that truth and truth can't be completely separated. However, in addition to the initial desire, one must also pursue too much fame and fortune. This is what we call greed. However, Yang Zhu's theory was later distorted and refuted, leaving an eternal stigma of "selfishness".