The Chinese nation has a splendid and excellent culture for 5,000 years, and its traditional culture is profound. Chinese teaching is an important part of school education. Chinese is a tool subject, and the basic task of Chinese teaching is to guide students to understand and use the language of the motherland and master the ability of listening, speaking, reading and writing. Reading teaching is the basic link of Chinese teaching in primary schools, which is conducive to improving the literacy of primary school students; Can carry out comprehensive training in listening, speaking, reading and writing, and improve listening, speaking and writing ability. Reading ability is a very important ability for a student, and it is also an important quality that a student should have. The strength of reading ability is closely related to students' acquiring knowledge, improving their interest in learning, increasing their knowledge and cultivating their self-study ability. The improvement of primary school students' reading ability can not only strengthen the emotional experience in reading, but also enable students to accumulate rich Chinese knowledge and form a good sense of language. Can let primary school students understand and appreciate literary works, thus being influenced by noble sentiments and interests; At the same time, it can also develop their personality and enrich their spiritual world. However, in reading teaching, there is a common phenomenon that teachers ask students to listen and teachers ask students to answer. In this way, students' reading ability can not be substantially improved, and their vocabulary, oral English, reading aloud, summarizing and thinking ability can not be really improved. So, how to cultivate primary school students' reading ability? Here are some of my views. First, stimulate interest and make students love reading. Interest is the best teacher and the motivation for people to engage in any activity. Confucius, a great educator in ancient China, once said, "Knowing is not as good as being good, and being good is not as good as being happy." It can be seen that only when students are interested in reading can they have a positive demand for extracurricular reading from the bottom of their hearts. Therefore, teachers should strive to stimulate students' interest in extracurricular reading, so that they can read happily outside class and accept the Chinese knowledge they want to learn happily. Talk about your own reading experience, so that students can enjoy reading. Teachers should often talk about their own (or organize students') gains and experiences after reading books, and use "appearance statements" to arouse students' emotional singing, so that students have a strong desire to read. At the same time, collect some famous aphorisms about reading in a planned and purposeful way, and comment and appreciate them; Tell the stories of famous people who have become successful in reading and conduct comparative education, thus arousing students' admiration for scholars, their desire for books and their strong intention to make friends with books. In this way, students will take the initiative to make extensive reading attempts in their spare time. Use the power of example to make students want to study. Teachers should always introduce students to the ways of historical figures, scientists and people around them to become talents, and stimulate students' interest in extracurricular reading with the power of example. Because through the ages, anyone who has done something for mankind is the result of extensive reading and diligent study. Because of the characteristics of primary school students' thinking in images, they can choose books with wonderful pictures for students to read. Students are easily attracted and will read enthusiastically, which can effectively stimulate students' interest in reading. Children will be interested in books only if they meet their tastes. 3. Give full play to the charm of the story and let students read actively. Everyone loves stories, especially children who grew up listening to grandma's nursery rhymes and mom's fairy tales. When they heard the teacher say that they would tell a story, they were all full of energy, their ears pricked up and their joy was beyond words. They can't wait to hear. Under the teacher's full voice and emotion, the story has been strengthened and rendered, which has brought the children into an interesting, thrilling, strange, touching and suspenseful emotional world. Just as the children were listening attentively and depressed, expecting the end of the story, the teacher suddenly stopped and told the children that the story was complicated, but the following story could be more exciting. If you want to know the aftermath, please read the original text by yourself. At this time, the teacher lost no time in recommending relevant reading materials to the students. Second, to cultivate reading ability, we must first strengthen word training. When reading the text, you should understand the words and sentences, so as to better understand the main content and basic ideas of the article; Only by consciously using the words you have learned and organizing the sentences you need can you express your true feelings better and more accurately. Mastering certain knowledge of words and sentences is an important basis for developing reading and writing. Therefore, it is very important to guide students to understand words, accumulate words and guide students to use words, which is an important content of cultivating reading ability. Word training should pay attention to two points: first, pay equal attention to understanding and application, and combine learning with application; Second, it should be combined with reading the text and understanding the article. We should guide some common words to learn and use in speaking and writing. Some basic sentence patterns should guide students to deepen their understanding and let them make sentences orally or in writing and learn to use them. When guiding students to understand words, students should understand the meaning and usage of these words and sentences in specific language environment. Some words are understood as soon as you read them, and you don't need to explain them. Compare some words a little; Students will understand. Where should the focus of teaching be? The key point should be to guide students to speak, that is, to use orally. There is a saying in the fifth book "Morning Reading". "Now, they have learned to cherish time and study hard." It is not difficult for students to understand the meaning of this sentence. The key word "Xi" allows students to look up the dictionary to understand the answer, compare the two words "Xi" and "Xi" to understand the answer, compare the similarities and differences between "Xi" and "Xi", and then make sentences orally with the word "Xi". Some said, "We must cherish time and study hard." Some people say, "We should cherish today's happy life, learn our skills and build our motherland better in the future." ..... Through speaking, it not only deepens the understanding of words, but also gives students a subtle ideological and moral education. In order to make students better understand and use the rich language of the motherland, sometimes teachers can ask students to change words and sentences in the text. For example, the last sentence of The Wonderful Circus: "The uncles and aunts of the circus really have a way to make animals obey people's commands." I inspired the students: "What would you think if you saw this wonderful circus? Who can say? " Some said, "Ah! What a wonderful circus performance! It's not easy for uncles and aunts to train animals so obedient and perform such wonderful stunts! " ..... This greatly enlivens students' thinking and improves their ability to use their mother tongue.

Third, the cultivation of reading ability should proceed from the reality of students and textbooks. Chinese teaching in primary schools often distrusts students. I think students know nothing, and their understanding of the text depends entirely on the teacher's explanation. Even what the students have understood is said sentence by sentence. In this way, students' interest in learning is not strong, which inhibits their enthusiasm. Students just listen and passively accept. How to cultivate reading ability? In fact, some texts, or some paragraphs and sentences, will be understood after reading, and teachers don't need to talk more. For example, "The Rich Xisha Islands" describes the various colors of the sea: "There are dark blue, light blue, green, light green and apricot yellow, which are staggered, colorful and extremely beautiful." Describe coral: "Some are like blooming flowers, and some are like beautiful antlers. Sea cucumber ... big lobster ... "Students understand it as soon as they read it, and they read it vividly and with relish. The actual effect is much better than the teacher's blind analysis and explanation. Students' reading ability can reflect their understanding of the text. If you don't understand the meaning of words and sentences in the text well, students will inevitably read poorly; If you don't understand the meaning correctly, the tone and feeling of reading aloud will be inappropriate and uncomfortable. Therefore, it is necessary to deeply understand the students' understanding of the text, and where are the difficulties. As long as you find three students in the upper, middle and lower levels to read the text separately, you can know the reality of the students. Only by knowing the students' reality can we teach in a targeted way. Some texts are far from the reality of students' lives, and students must be difficult to understand. For example, in the sixth volume, Ships in the Desert, students know little about deserts and camels because of different living environments. How can they understand? I put a projection of a ship sailing in the water and hung a photo of a camel standing in the desert. By comparing the two pictures, let the students understand that "ship" refers to camel, which is a means of transportation in the desert, so people call it "ship" in the desert. Then I asked why camels can live in the desert. What are its characteristics? How does it adapt to life in the desert? What's the role? What are the characteristics, skills and uses of camels? Guide students to read and discuss. In this way, through thinking training, the reading ability of primary school students is gradually cultivated. Reading teaching methods should not be the same. It depends on the content of the text, the actual level of students, what to say, what to read, what to practice and what to do. Teachers should boldly believe in students' understanding ability and believe that they can master a considerable part of the content through reading, practice and discussion. Teachers should explore how to effectively cultivate students' reading ability and develop their intelligence in view of those aspects that students are not easy to master. Fourth, to cultivate reading ability, we should be good at inspiring students to question and fully mobilize their initiative and enthusiasm. In reading teaching, if only teachers ask questions and students answer them, students will always be in a passive situation. We should teach students how to learn reading knowledge and form reading ability one by one. Gradually cultivate students' study habits. To cultivate students' reading ability, teachers should try their best to make students ask questions that they don't understand, so that students can learn more actively. Teachers can let students preview the text, read pinyin for words they don't know, and look it up in the dictionary for meanings they don't understand. If it can't be solved, the teacher will help. In teaching, teachers guide and inspire students to put forward incomprehensible places (such as sentences, a paragraph, a content, etc.). Sometimes, when students really can't mention it, the teacher asks them if they understand a sentence or a meaning. In this way, students can gradually develop the good habit of finding what they don't understand and asking questions when reading the text. The teacher tried to inspire the students to answer each other's questions. What they can't really solve is explained by the teacher. Once students are inspired, their enthusiasm will be high, they will study hard and find more problems on their own initiative. Students have a stronger thirst for knowledge and a deeper interest in learning. For example, when teaching My Little Brother, students ask questions one after another: "Why does my little brother and his mother live in a women's prison?" "Why does my brother have to be escorted to class by spies every day?" "Why did the spy spy spy on his brother's class?" "In prison, why can my brother learn all his lessons well?" "Why does my brother study so hard?" ..... Therefore, only by being good at inspiring students to question and actively study can they really cultivate their reading ability step by step. Fifth, "Give it to fish" to let students learn to read. It's not enough to be interested. For example, some students skim through all the vivid contents because of their interest. Others read good articles, but they don't know how to accumulate knowledge, absorb skills and apply them to writing. Obviously, this reading method has little effect. Therefore, we should further guide them not only to love reading, but also to read better and more effectively. As a reading guide, we should introduce some effective reading methods to students. 1. skim. The application of this method is generally to selectively read relevant chapters or parts of relevant books and newspapers according to some needs of students in classroom study or writing, so as to apply what they have learned. For example, after learning the lesson "There is only one earth", students read the book "Man and Nature" purposefully (or look it up on the Internet) in order to have a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the close relationship between human beings, the earth and nature. Moreover, students should be instructed to borrow relevant materials from the library, and then choose the parts they need to write small scientific papers, so as to cultivate students' ability to extract and use materials. At the same time, it also enriches language accumulation and improves reading interest and reading ability. Intensive reading. The so-called intensive reading method is to concentrate some key articles in books and newspapers and read them word by word from the outside to the inside. It is the most important and basic means to cultivate students' reading ability. Some articles are meaningful in language, quoted from classics and vivid in plot. Based on these works, teachers can guide students to intensive reading, require students to devote themselves wholeheartedly, mobilize a variety of senses, do their mouth, eyes, heart, hands, read, think and note, and gradually develop the good habit of reading carefully. 3. Read silently. The silent reading method is to read the time without pronouncing, distinguishing or distracting, but to look at the general situation quickly. This requires students to concentrate and process and digest information quickly in the process of fast browsing. In ancient China, there were sayings of "learning from the past and seeking for the past" and "reading at different levels", which shows that speed reading ability has long been advocated. Using silent reading, we can get as much information as possible in the shortest time. To improve reading ability, it is not enough to teach dozens of texts in class. We must actively stimulate students' interest in reading after class through reading teaching. In teaching, it is sometimes difficult for teachers to answer students' questions. However, mobilizing students solved the problem again. After I finished teaching Spider's Web, a student asked, "Spider's Web can stick to small flying insects, beetles, etc., but it won't stick to itself. What is the reason? " I didn't expect the students to ask this question. I improvise and mobilize students to say, "Think about it! See who can figure it out? " A student replied, "Because spiders have oil on them, they can't stick." I then asked, "How do you know?" The student replied, "I read it in the book Miss Grandpa." Because students read more extracurricular books, they not only improve their reading ability but also increase their scientific knowledge. In teaching, we often find that some students can properly use many words that have not been learned in textbooks when answering questions. It can be seen that students acquire knowledge through extracurricular reading. Therefore, encouraging students to read extensively is the way to improve their reading ability. Usually, teachers should pay attention to introducing reading materials that meet the students' acceptance level for them to read. Teachers should also inspire students to use the reading methods learned in teaching to read. Students' extensive reading will enrich their knowledge and broaden their thinking. There is no doubt that it is a good way to make friends with the reading ability of primary school students. In short, through purposeful, planned, orderly and step-by-step training, primary school students' reading ability will be gradually improved.