Grace attendant Godot waits for Godot (waits for Godot).

Just look at the introduction below.

Samuel Beckett

Beckett, Samuel (1906- 1989), an Irish-born poet, novelist and playwright, won international fame for his play Waiting for Godot, which premiered in 1953. He won the Nobel Prize in 1969, which influenced a generation of dramatists, including British playwrights harold pinter and tom stoppard, and American playwrights edward ablee and Sam Shepard.

Beckett was born in the suburb of Fox Rock in Dublin, and studied at the famous Portola Royal School in N 'Nisski Forest in Northern Ireland and Trinity College in Dublin. After receiving a degree in Romance at 1927, he worked in? Paris Teachers College, tel: 1928 to 1930. During this period, he became friends with Irish writer James Joyce, which had a profound influence on his writing. Many of Beckett's early poems and novels, including the collection of short stories "More Stabs than Kicks" (1934) and his first published novel "Murphy" (1938), were all created with Joyce's works as literary models.

During his tenure in Paris, Beckett studied the works of French philosopher rene descartes and wrote a book about French novelist Marcel Proust, which was published in 193 1. He returned to Dublin in 1930, completed his master's degree in literature and accepted the position of French lecturer at Trinity College. But the formal academic life is not attractive.1February, he resigned from Trinity College, with no better prospect except vague hope for his writing. This difficult period is described in some of his early works: the unfinished novel Fair to Average Woman's Dream written in English shortly after his resignation, but published in 1992, and the three-act drama Eleutheria (Greek "freedom"), 1947 written in French,1992.

Beckett went through a period of family conflicts and self-doubt, especially after his father died in June 1933, which made the already difficult relationship between Beckett and his mother even more tense. From 1934 to 1936, he received psychoanalysis in London. Then he traveled in Germany for a year and witnessed the rise of German dictator Adolf Hitler and Nazism. 10, he settled in Paris almost permanently. A few months later, he was inexplicably stabbed in the streets of Paris. During his recovery in the hospital, an acquaintance of his, Susanna Dumesnil, came to visit him. She became his lifelong companion and his wife. 1940 After the fall of Paris (during World War II), Beckett began to work for the French resistance. However, his troops were betrayed in August, and he and Dumesnil fled to the south of France on foot. They spent the war years in Luxirong village, where Beckett wrote the novel Watt (completed1945; Release 1953). Because of his efforts to resist the German occupation, the French government awarded him the Cross and the Resistance Medal, numbered 1945.

After the war, Beckett returned to Paris and entered his most creative period, which he called "siege in the room" (because he experienced the impact of thoughts and inspiration) and began to write in French. In this language, he can get rid of the burden of English literary tradition and the influence of James Joyce. He explained half-jokingly that he could "write without style" in French. He completed three novels in succession, and these novels slowly found a publisher: molloy (completed1947; Release1951; Translation1955); Marlon melter (completed1948; Release1951; Malone died,1956); And L 'innomable (completed1950; Release1953; Unnamed,1958); And two plays "Illiutria" and "Grace Attendant Godot" (completed1949; French version 1952, English version 1954).

Lacking traditional plots and recognizable characters, Beckett's works attack the communication system, including the language itself. It seems that the author intends to show the contradiction and absurdity of life, rather than the observable surface of life. Therefore, some early critics regarded Beckett as a part of "absurd literature" and a representative of irrational life (see Absurd Drama). However, such emphasis on this aspect of his works ignores Beckett's rational analysis of human consciousness and systems, through which we try to arrange our lives.

Godot's Attendant was first staged in Thai Theatre, which tells the story of two vagrants waiting for the arrival of a man named Godot by a tree in a remote country road. Tre Babylon1953 in Paris in January. The play, written by the author in French and translated into English, combines comedy in concert hall with philosophical thinking on the essence of human existence. Its almost bare stage and fragmented dialogue challenged the convention of realistic drama, which puzzled and fascinated the early audience. With the international success of the play, Beckett's literary and economic fate has changed, and publishers are eager to publish all his works. Starting from 1953, he wrote in English and French, and translated his works from the writing language into French or English. From 1967, he staged most of his plays, mostly in Germany and France. His other major plays include FIN DEPARTIE (1957; Endgame,1958); Klapp's last tape (1958); Happy days (1961); And a series of short plays: play (1963); Eh, Joe (written for TV,1966); That time (1976); Footsteps (1976); rockaby( 198 1)； And Ohio improvisation (198 1). Beckett continued to write novels, including comments on C 'est (1961; How about 1964), the lost ones (1972), and three short stories-Company (1980) and Malvu Maldit (1981; I saw it and I told it (198 1) and the person I hate most (1983)-these three books were published in the form of trilogy in 1996. Nohow On's novels contain ghostly and almost mysterious scenes from the narrator's memory, all of which are Beckett's concise essays. When Beckett died, he was regarded as the most innovative and influential playwright in the 20th century, because of his unconventional handling of language and plot, and his uncomplicated and often shocking dramatic performance of interpersonal relationships.

Contributor:

South E. Gontarski

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