The famous sayings and explanations of Confucius are as follows:

1. Rotten wood cannot be carved.

Explanation: Rotten wood cannot be carved. It is a metaphor that people cannot be made good or that things and situations are corrupt and irredeemable. Also known as "rotten wood is difficult to carve." Also known as "rotten wood cannot be carved."

2. A gentleman is magnanimous, but a villain is always concerned.

Explanation: A gentleman is broad-minded and tolerant of others; a villain is petty and narrow-minded.

3. Listening to the Tao and then scrutinizing it is the abandonment of virtue!

Explanation: It is morally repugnant to spread rumors after hearing them on the road.

4. A scholar who aspires to the Tao but is ashamed of bad clothes and bad food is not worthy of discussion.

Explanation: A scholar who is determined to learn and pursue the truth but is ashamed of poverty is not worthy of discussing the truth with him.

5. The beauty of a gentleman is not the evil of a man.

Explanation: A gentleman fulfills the good deeds of others and does not promote the bad deeds of others.

6. He who listens to the Tao but scrutinizes it is the abandonment of virtue.

Explanation: The behavior of spreading gossip is a betrayal of morality.

7. If the name is incorrect, the words will not be correct.

Explanation: If one’s status is not correct, one’s speech cannot be logical.

8. There is no distinction between teaching and learning.

Explanation: I educate everyone who comes to study without distinction.

9. Isn’t it great to have friends come from far away?

Explanation: Isn’t it a joy to have like-minded people coming from afar?

10. A scholar who aspires to the Tao but is ashamed of bad clothes and bad food is not worthy of discussion.

Explanation: If a scholar is determined to pursue the truth and is ashamed of not being well dressed or eating well, then it is not worth talking to him.

11. See and think about the meaning.

Explanation: It means to think of morality when seeing wealth.

12. They are similar in nature but far apart in habits.

Explanation: When people are born, they are all kind-hearted and have very similar temperaments. However, with the different changes and influences of their respective living environments, everyone's habits will vary.