At the end of Kong Yiji's story, Lu Xun wrote "About Kong Yiji's death" from the first-person perspective.
There are "about" and "really" in the sentence. Some friends here also pointed out that Lu Xun's sentence was a sick sentence and there was a clerical error.
In fact, from the data and analysis collected by Yan Xiaoer, from the perspective of Shaoxing dialect, this sentence may be a kind of expression in the dialect, not a so-called "sick sentence" or "clerical error"; Emotionally, the words "about" and "really" in Lu Xun's sentence vividly show Lu Xun's sympathy and sorrow for intellectuals in feudal society like Kong Yiji.
Or let's put it this way, it is probably the emotion written by Lu Xun in the sentence "About Kong Yiji's death".
1, Lu Xun and Shaoxing Dialect When Lu Xun writes articles, whether intentionally or unintentionally, he likes to use Shaoxing Dialect. In this regard, we can find clues from Lu Xun's female disciple Xiao Hong's relevant memories of him.
Xiao Hong used Shaoxing dialect and idioms extensively in the article "Remembering Mr. Lu Xun". Is the whole article full of life breath, making people very kind? As for why Xiao Hong did this, there are two mainstream opinions.
First, a friend pointed out that Xiao Hong's writing in Shaoxing dialect was probably influenced by Mr. Lu Xun. Xiao Hong, after all, is a proud disciple of Lu Xun. She inherited Lu Xun's habit of writing close to the real society. The Shaoxing dialect in the article may be that Xiao Hong intentionally or unintentionally injected vitality into the article in this way.
Secondly, a friend pointed out that Xiao Hong used Shaoxing dialect more in her writing in order to express her respect and nostalgia for Mr. Lu Xun and deliberately imitate his writing characteristics.
Whatever the reason, we can generally see Mr. Lu Xun's "love" for Shaoxing dialect from the side.
In addition, when talking with people in daily life, Mr. Lu Xun often speaks Shaoxing dialect. He once mentioned in Southern accent and Northern accent:
"It is said that I like talking very much, but I stutter. As for the language, it is a southern accent. "
Lu Xun himself is a native of Shaoxing, where the dialect is known as the nickname of "ten miles of different sounds". Here, Lu Xun is not a "southern accent".
It is worth mentioning that there are four-syllable words in Shaoxing dialect. When these two words are used together, they may indicate a possible but uncertain "state".
It can be inferred that "Yueque" in Kong Yiji's last sentence may be the habit of Shaoxing dialect. Then the last sentence written by Lu Xun in Kong Yiji is not wrong.
Besides dialects, Lu Xun used "about" and "indeed" in the last sentence, which also concealed his attitude towards people like Kong Yiji. He is both "sad" and "angry".
In Yan Xiaoer's view, Lu Xun's attitude towards Kong Yiji in the story is not completely negative. His attitude in the story from the perspective of "I" is a complex emotion, mixed with sympathy and a little "anger" about his disappointing performance.
As can be seen from Kong Yiji's story, Kong Yiji is pedantic but kind.
Kong Yiji studied all his life and didn't get fame, but he didn't intend to find another way out. Even if he can't fill his stomach, he is still a "scholar" shelf, becoming the only one standing in a restaurant wearing a gown and drinking.
In the background of the story, people who wear robes are generally upper-middle class people, while those who stand and drink are generally working people at the bottom of society who make a living by working.
And Kong Yiji's economic situation is not even comparable to the working people at the bottom of society. He earned a small income by helping people copy books, but he couldn't bear the pain of copying books, so he had the "behavior" of stealing books and selling money. This is undoubtedly the "depravity" of intellectuals.
When he was a fool, people laughed at him for stealing books. He lied to himself that "stealing books is not stealing", which is pedantic and sad for Kong Yiji.
But in that era of material scarcity, he was a poor scholar who had no serious job and had difficulty making money. He can share his "fennel beans" with children and patiently teach the "I" in the story to write the word "fennel", which also shows his kind nature.
Lu Xun was "angry" because of Kong Yiji's pedantry, Kong Yiji's self-deception and self-indulgence, but Lu Xun also sympathized with Kong Yiji for his kindness.
As for why there is a kind and pedantic "Kong Yiji" in that society, even deceiving others? This is the focus of Lu Xun's Kong Yiji: because of the dark feudal system and imperial examination system of that era, because of the poor cool thin and cool thin of that era, and because of the "utilitarian" atmosphere of that era.
Reading is no longer a matter of self-cultivation, governing the country and leveling the world, but a matter of "promotion and wealth" and "prosperity".
It is precisely because of this distorted "reading view" and this utilitarian social atmosphere that the darkness of the imperial examination system in the feudal system was further deepened, and finally "cultivated" countless kind, pedantic and self-deceiving poor scholars "Kong Yiji". This is the misfortune of a kind of people and the sorrow of an era.
Therefore, in Yan Xiaoer's view, Lu Xun's sentence "About Kong Yiji's death" at the end of Kong Yiji contains his two feelings.
About Kong Yiji's Death is an emotional expression of Lu Xun, expressing his sympathy for scholars like Kong Yiji.
"Kong Yiji is indeed dead" is another expression of Lu Xun's feelings, that is, to deceive oneself by "stealing books is not stealing", so why not call Lu Xun "angry"?
3. How to read Lu Xun's articles Since the topic of "Is Kong Yiji really dead" in Lu Xun's Kong Yiji is a sick sentence, Yan Xiaoer has no talent, but he also hopes that his "experience" in reading Lu Xun's articles can provide some help for everyone and talk about the problem of "how to read Lu Xun's articles".
Friends who like Lu Xun should know that Lu Xun's writing characteristics are different from modern and ancient times. Compared with the vernacular, some of his expressions are slightly obscure, and compared with the ancient classical Chinese, Lu Xun's expressions are too popular.
In fact, just like the article "Kong Yiji", there are many puns in Lu Xun's works. As long as we understand the background of Lu Xun's writing and the hidden things behind the core of the story, we can understand the "small criticism" and "small hints" written by Lu Xun. As for "so-called sick sentences", as long as we combine the main idea of Lu Xun's article, we can get the reason of "specious". Why not?
After all, Mr. Lu Xun is not a Chinese teacher, but a psychiatrist. Reading Lu Xun's article, putting the cart before the horse, can't see one thing, which is a pity.
In addition, articles published in New Youth, such as Lu Xun's Kong Yiji, were not only written by Lu Xun himself, but also proofread by editors. Therefore, it really doesn't make much sense for us to struggle with the wording in Lu Xun's article. After all, it is of little significance to entangle the so-called ill sentences with Mr. Lu Xun's slightly serious personality and the "seriousness" of the workers behind the publication of such publications at that time. After all, Mr. Lu Xun, who can find the "weakness of human nature" and endure for a long time, is generally much more rigorous than us.
At the same time, what impressed us deeply by Mr. Lu Xun was never the gorgeous wording, but the sharpness behind the words. what do you think?
References:
Kong Yiji, Recalling Mr. Lu Xun, Assembling with Southern and Northern Accents, etc.
Note: This article is the original and exclusive release of Yan Xiaoer's philosophical works. If there is any infringement such as handling or plagiarism, the responsibility will be investigated once found. The pictures in this paper come from the Internet, and some materials come from the Internet. They were hacked and deleted (within two weeks). Please enjoy this series.