You should read as if you were that person, and read in conjunction with him.

Three realms of reading

Three realms of reading Three realms of reading is a theory of reading put forward by the Qing Dynasty writer Wang Guowei. Wang Guowei said in "Renjian Ci Hua": "Those who have achieved great things and learned great things in ancient and modern times must pass through three realms: 'Last night the west wind withered the green trees. I climbed up to the tall building alone and looked at the end of the world.' This is the first realm." "The clothes are getting wider and I don't regret it. I am so haggard." This is the second state. "I have been looking for her for thousands of times, but when I look back, she is in the dim light." /p>

Contents: A brief description of the three realms of reading in the eyes of Wang Guowei An introduction to Wang Guowei’s life: philosophy, aesthetics, ancient history, meaning of the three realms of reading: first realm, second realm, third realm Original text: reading in the eyes of Wang Guowei Brief description of realm Introduction to Wang Guowei's life Philosophical aspect Aesthetic aspects Ancient history aspect The meaning of the three realms of reading The first realm The second realm The third realm Original text expansion

Edit this paragraph The three realms of reading in Wang Guowei's eyes Realm

"Last night the west wind withered the green trees, and I climbed up to the tall building alone, looking at the end of the world" (Yan Shu's "Butterflies in Love with Flowers")

"The belt is getting wider and I don't regret it, for Yi He disappeared and became haggard" (Liu Yong's "Butterflies in Love with Flowers")

"The crowd searched for him thousands of times, but suddenly looking back, he was in a dimly lit place" (Xin Qiji's "The Sapphire Case")

Edit this paragraph to briefly describe the three realms of reading, which is in line with the general meaning of primary school and university in ancient learning.

The ancients paid attention to "accumulation and accumulation" in their studies, so the first stage focused on "going up to the tall building alone and looking at the end of the world". This is seeing and reading; the second stage is to think. The Analects of Confucius says " To learn without thinking is to lose sight." After reading so many things, I will compare with each other and my own experience, and I will gain something, and I will show that "the clothes are getting wider and wider, but I will never regret it, and I will be haggard because of the beauty." However, the final achievement is to return to the original nature, which is also What is said in the university is "the first step is to understand the virtues and stop at perfection", which is also the saying in Laozi that "the earth follows the sky, the heavens follow the Tao, and the Tao follows nature." The end of learning is to understand the laws of nature and comply with them, "do whatever you want without breaking the rules."

If you are able to read the text and memorize it by rote at first, you can achieve some success.

If you are able to use it flexibly and have a eloquent tongue, you will gain something.

Finally, you can explain things in a simple and profound way, and you can achieve great success by integrating knowledge and action.

Edit this paragraph Introduction to Wang Guowei's life Wang Guowei (1877-1927), courtesy name Jing'an, Boyu, nickname Guantang, was born in Haining, Zhejiang. A famous scholar in modern China, an outstanding scientist of ancient characters, artifacts, ancient history and geography, a poet, a literary theorist, and a philosopher.

When Wang Guowei was a boy, he was fond of historical works such as "Book of Han" and did not like Ju Ziye and "Commentaries on the Thirteen Classics". However, he still received traditional old-style education before the age of eighteen. After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1894, he "became aware that there were so-called new scholars in the world" ("Jing'an Collected Works, Preface"). From the age of twenty-two, he went to the Shanghai Current Affairs Newspaper Association Secretary School. In his spare time, he went to the "Eastern Literature Society" run by Luo Zhenyu to study foreign languages, and with Luo Zhenyu's funding, he went to Japan to study in 1901. The following year he dropped out of school due to illness and returned to China. He read Kant's philosophy and fell in love with it, and then switched to Schopenhauer's philosophy. Later, I felt that in philosophy "those who are cute cannot be trusted, and those who are trustworthy are not cute" ("Jing'an Collected Works, Preface"), so I turned from philosophy to literature, history, archaeology, epigraphy, and phonology. During this period, he served as a communications tutor for the Chinese Studies Department of Peking University Research Institute and a professor at Tsinghua Research Institute. In 1922, he served as a fifth-rank official in the small imperial court of Puyi's Forbidden City and "walked in the south study room", and received the reward of "fifth-rank food and salary" and "granted horse riding in the Forbidden City". When the National Revolutionary Army marched north in 1927, Wang Guowei left a suicide note saying "After this world has changed, our righteous land will be humiliated again" and committed suicide by throwing himself into Kunming Lake in the Summer Palace.

In terms of philosophy, Wang Guowei was influenced by the philosophy of Kant and Schopenhauer in his early years. He said in "Jing'an Collected Works: Preface": "I started studying philosophy between Xinren and Guimaochun. Kant's criticism of pure reason was completely incomprehensible, so I stopped reading it after reading it halfway through. Then I read Schopenhauer's book and found it very good.

From the summer of Guimao to the winter of Jiachen, it was the era of Schopenhauer's companionship. What is particularly satisfying is that Schopenhauer's theory of knowledge and Kant's theory can be glimpsed from this. However, regarding his philosophy of life, looking at his sharp observations and sharp discussions, it is not unreasonable to feel happy and enlightened. "After that, he re-read Kant's works on philosophy, ethics and aesthetics. In the two years of 1904 and 1905, he wrote "On Nature", "Interpretation", "Original Fate", "On Schopenhauer's Philosophy and His Educational Theory", "Schopenhauer and Nietzsche" and other philosophical papers comprehensively introduce the cosmology, epistemology, ethics and aesthetics of Schopenhauer and Kant, especially the two ancient Chinese concepts of "nature" and "reason". He made a critical analysis of the basic issues that have been debated for a long time in philosophy. He used Kant's theory to explain "nature" and believed that sex is beyond human perception. Only super-empirical sex is true, and true nature is unknowable. . He used Schopenhauer's principle of sufficient reason to define "reason" in this way; in a broad sense, reason is a reason, as demonstrated by the Song Dynasty scholar Chen Chun's "reason has a certain and difficult meaning"; in a narrow sense, "reason" "Principle", that is, rationality, is an abstract concept created from intuitive concepts. Wang Guowei believes that both broad and narrow principles "do not exist in the world of intuition, but are parasitic in the vast and obscure concepts" ( "Jing'an Collected Works·Interpretation"). On the issue of "fate", he accepted the view that Schopenhauer's law of causality exists in nature and human will, and believed that there is no free will. The will is controlled by motivation and the will is not free.

In terms of aesthetics, Wang Guowei is one of the founders of modern Chinese aesthetics. He combines Western aesthetic ideas such as Kant and Schopenhauer with traditional Chinese aesthetic ideas and applies them to the study of Chinese classical novels. He has made outstanding contributions to poetry, poetry and opera. His aesthetic thoughts are composed of "game theory", "genius theory", "quaint theory" and "realm theory", and "realm theory" is the essence of it. The aesthetic theory put forward in "Ci Hua" believes that realm includes natural scenery and people's thoughts and feelings, as well as the integration of the two; the quality of a word is measured by the presence or absence of realm; those who can depict real scenery and true feelings are said to have realm, otherwise they are called realms. There is no realm; the realm can be divided into "the realm of self", which is characterized by "observing things with me"; In terms of ancient history, Wang Guowei’s research methods on ancient characters, ancient artifacts, and ancient history and places inherited the tradition of filial piety studies during the Qianjia and Qianjia periods of the Qing Dynasty, and also drew on The spirit of Western empirical science. First of all, unlike his predecessors, he was good at using the comparative method in his research, integrating ancient and modern Chinese and Western things into one furnace to interpret each other; secondly, he used ancient books from foreign tribes. and the old books of our country, and supplement each other; thirdly, we use foreign concepts and inherent materials to verify each other (Chen Yinke's "Preface to Mr. Wang Jing'an's Posthumous Letters"). When Wang Guowei studies oracle bone inscriptions and ancient history, he uses underground objects and written records to compare with each other. To explain the evidence; to study frontier geography and the history of Liao, Jin and Yuan Dynasties is to use Chinese and foreign ancient books to supplement each other; to write such works as "On the System of Yin and Zhou Dynasties", "Comments on a Dream of Red Mansions", "Text on Operas of the Song and Yuan Dynasties", and "Human Words" Comparing concepts from Western literature with traditional Chinese thoughts, this is indeed a much broader vision than that of scholars of the Qianjia School.

Wang Guowei wrote extensively throughout his life, with more than sixty works. There are so many kinds, most of them are included in the "Suicide Notes of Mr. Wang Jing'an of Haining".

Edit this paragraph The meaning of the three realms of reading Wang Guowei said in "Human Words": "Those who achieve great careers and great scholars in ancient and modern times must pass through three realms: 'Last night the west wind withered the green trees. Stand alone. The high building, looking at the end of the world. This is the first state. The clothes are getting wider and the person is haggard. In a dimly lit place. This is the third realm. I had nothing to do, and while I was reading and praising the scholars, I suddenly realized something: There are three realms of studying, and there are also three realms of drinking and drinking. ? Let’s discuss it.

The First Realm Wang Guowei believes that the first realm of scholarship is: "Last night the west wind withered the green trees.

"Only on a high building, I can see the end of the world." This phrase comes from "Butterfly Loves Flowers" written by Yan Shu in the Northern Song Dynasty. The original meaning is that "I" go up to a high building and see a more desolate autumn scenery, with yellow leaves in the west wind, wide mountains and long rivers. , What is the purpose of the case? According to Wang Guowei's sentence, those who want to achieve great things in learning must first have persistent pursuit, look far, observe the path, and have clear goals and directions.

P. The second realm of scholarship of the King of the Second Realm is: "As the clothes get wider and wider, I will never regret it, and I will make people haggard because of the beauty." "This quote is from the last two lines of Liu Yong's "Butterfly Loves Flowers" in the Northern Song Dynasty. The original words express the author's hardships of love and his lack of regrets about love. If the word "Y" is understood as the ideal pursued by the poet and his lifelong work Wang Guowei had ulterior motives, and used these two sentences to describe a great career and a great scholar. It is not something that can be achieved easily. It must be determined and pursued after hard work, sleepless nights, and diligent pursuits. No matter how thin a person is, he will not regret it.

The third realm of the king's scholarship is: "I have searched for her for thousands of times, but suddenly I looked back and found that person in the dim light. " is a quote from the last four lines of the poem "The Sapphire Case" by Xin Qiji of the Southern Song Dynasty. Liang Qichao called this poem "self-pitying and lonely, and there is no embrace for those who are sad." This is a borrowed word to describe something, and has nothing to do with literary appreciation. Wang Guowei has already He said, "We can struggle without labor." He used the last four sentences of the word as the third of the "realm", which is the ultimate and highest realm. Although this is not Xin Qiji's original intention, it can also lead to the distant meaning of learning. Those who want to achieve a great career must have a focused spirit, repeatedly pursue and study, and work hard. Then they will suddenly understand, make discoveries, and make inventions, and then they can move from the kingdom of necessity to the kingdom of freedom.

The first realm of the original text of this paragraph: Yan Shu's "Butterflies in Love with Flowers"

The chrysanthemums on the threshold are worried about the smoke and the orchids are weeping, the curtains are light and cold, and the swallows fly away in pairs, the bright moon does not understand the pain of separation. , the slanting light penetrates Zhuhu at dawn.

Last night, the west wind withered the green trees. I went up to the tall building alone and looked at the end of the world. I want to send colorful notes and rulers. I know where the mountains are and the rivers are wide!

The second realm: Liu Yong's "Butterfly Loves Flowers"

Standing in the dangerous building, the breeze is soft, looking at the extremely sad spring, the sky is dark and dim, and there is no word in the lingering light of the grass. .

I want to get drunk and sing about wine, but my clothes are getting wider and I will not regret it.

The third realm. ：Xin Qiji's "The Sapphire Case"

Thousands of flowers bloomed in the east wind at night, and stars fell like rain. BMWs and carriages filled the road with fragrant sounds, jade pots turned in light, and fish and dragons danced all night.

E'er's snowy willows are covered with golden threads, and her laughter is filled with fragrance. People look for her thousands of times, but suddenly looking back, she is there in the dim light.