Aestheticism Aestheticism is a bourgeois literary trend of thought popular in western Europe at the end of 19. It first began in poetry, and then gradually spread to novels and plays, mainly popular in Britain. The so-called "aestheticism" means taking the formal beauty of art as an artistic proposition of absolute beauty. The "beauty" mentioned here refers to the beauty of skills divorced from reality. Therefore, aestheticism is sometimes called "aestheticism" or "beauty first". The formation of aestheticism has a long process. Keats was an English romantic poet and a pioneer of aestheticism in 1930s. He said, "Good things are eternal happiness." Gaudi, a French writer, is a writer who transited from romanticism to aestheticism. He opposed the utilitarianism of art, advocated pure art and pursued formal beauty, and put forward the idea of "art for art's sake". Gaudi became an advocate of aestheticism. /kloc-the formation of the British aestheticism movement at the end of 0/9th century has two major factors: one is Bede's hedonism criticism (1839-1894); Second, Morris's artistic life thought (1834- 1896). Bede believes that the responsibility of literary critics is not to master knowledge and list materials to meet the correct definition of beauty, but to have a special temperament and the ability to feel the object of beauty, to closely connect themselves with the contents of books, and to explore pleasure and fun from them, which is the basis of aesthetic criticism. Morris believes that the purpose of transforming society is to stretch freely and make daily life artistic. If no civilized society can provide such an environment for its members, then there is no need for this world to exist. The above viewpoints of Bede and Morris laid the theoretical foundation of aestheticism. Coupled with the efforts of Rossetti (1828- 1882) and Swinburne (1837- 1909), the aestheticism movement was finally formed. The real representative of aestheticism is Oscar Wilde (1856- 1900), a practitioner of aestheticism creation and an advocate of aestheticism theory. As far as the relationship between art and reality is concerned, Wilde thinks that art should be detached from reality and life. "Real events are the enemies of art. All the disadvantages of art come from real feelings. Nature is understanding, and understanding is not art. "All poor art comes from the description of returning to nature and the objective description of life. So think that any art of "returning to life and nature" is bad, and the farther away from reality, the better? Quot The only good thing is that it has nothing to do with us. "As far as the role of art in life is concerned, Wilde believes that life is not reproduced by art, but imitated by life. Art is not a mirror of human social life, life is only a student of art, and art is supreme. This fundamentally negates the materialistic view that the objective existence of society determines people's ideology and falls into the epistemology of putting the cart before the horse. Starting from the purpose of literary and artistic creation, he advocates "art for art's sake". "Art only expresses itself. Art has an independent life, just as thought has an independent life. " It goes without saying that these literary thoughts spread by Wilde are extremely absurd. He reversed the relationship between literature and life, confused people's cognitive route, and tried to induce writers to enter the "ivory tower" of bourgeois art in order to save the fate of the inevitable decline of the bourgeoisie. The novel The Portrait of Du Liangle is Wilde's masterpiece and also an aestheticism work. It aims to show that life is an imitation of art, and if art is destroyed, human life will cease to exist. Aestheticism has a great influence on China's literary world. In 1930s, it once flowed into China, and the poems of Xu Zhimo, a scholar of "Crescent School", were obviously aesthetical, which was severely denounced by Lu Xun, a great writer in China. British Prime Minister Winston Churchill famously said: Perfectionism equals paralysis-which brilliantly illustrates the harm of perfectionists. Psychological perfectionists are those who set their personal standards too high and unrealistic, and have an obvious tendency to force themselves to do impossible ideals.