You can toast at any time when you drink. If it is a formal toast, it should be at a specific time, which will not affect the guests' meal. Toast is suitable to start after guests and hosts are seated and before meals. It can also be after the main course and before the dessert is served.
When drinking, especially when toasting, someone needs to take the lead in toasting, which can be the host, the guest of honor or the people present. When toasting, you should stand up, hold the cup in your right hand, or hold the bottom of the cup in your left hand, smile, look at other toasts, especially yourself, and say a blessing at the same time.
It is suggested that after the toast, you should stand up with a glass in your hand. Even if you don't drink, you should pick up the cup for show. Raise the glass to eye level, say "cheers" and drink it off or in moderation. Then, you have to look at the proposer with a glass, and the process is over.
In Chinese food, before toasting, you can symbolically touch each other's glasses; When clinking glasses, you should make your glass lower than the other's to show your respect for the other. Touching the table with the bottom of the glass can also mean touching the glass with the other side. You can do this when you are far away from each other. If the host toasts himself, ask for a toast to the host and toast with him again.
In general, toasting should be carried out in the order of age, position and the identity of the guest and the host. Be sure to give full consideration to the order of toasting and prioritize. Even if you are drinking with people you don't know, you should first inquire about your identity or pay attention to other people's names to avoid embarrassment or hurting feelings. Even if you want a guest at the dinner table, you should treat him with more respect. However, if there are people with higher status or elders present, we should also propose a toast to the elders first, otherwise it will make everyone very embarrassed.
If it is not suitable for drinking because of living habits or health reasons, you can also entrust relatives, friends, subordinates and younger generations to drink or use drinks and tea instead. As a toaster, you should fully understand each other. When the other party asks others to change the wine or drink, don't insist on letting the other party drink, and don't "get to the bottom of it" curiously. You know, if someone doesn't take the initiative to explain the reason, it means that the other party thinks this is his privacy.
In western food, champagne is the only toast, and you can't drink it with others over the people around you.
How to toast a business meal?
From the operational process, we should pay attention to four aspects in toasting:
1, how to pour the wine
You need to pour the wine before toasting. According to the regulations, except the host and the service staff, other guests are generally not allowed to pour wine for others themselves. If the host pours the wine himself, he should pour it with the best wine at this party. Guests should raise their glasses to express their thanks and stand up if necessary.
If it is a large business meal, it should be served by the service staff. Generally, you should pour the wine from the person with the highest position and then pour it clockwise. If you don't need wine, you can put your hand on the glass and say "no, thank you". At this time, there is no need for the sommelier to ask for wine again and again.
In Chinese food, when others pour wine, they can also give a "finger tapping ceremony" in return. Especially when you are above your master. That is, the thumb, forefinger and middle finger of the right hand are close together, and the fingertips are down, tapping the table a few times to express gratitude for pouring the wine.
How much wine should I pour? Liquor and beer can be drunk, and other foreign wines don't have to be drunk.
When do you propose a toast?
When toasting at a specific time, the first consideration is not to affect the guests' dining.
Toast is divided into formal toast and ordinary toast. Formal toasts are usually made after the guests and hosts are seated and before meals. Generally, the host will propose a toast and say a standard drinking word at the same time. Ordinary toasting can begin as long as it is after the formal toast. But be careful when the other person is convenient. For example, he didn't propose a toast with other people or chew, thinking that the other person might be willing to accept your toast. Moreover, when toasting the same person, you should wait for someone taller than yourself to toast before toasting.
3, the order of the toast
What's the order of toasting? In general, the order should be based on age, position and the status of guests and hosts. Before toasting, we must fully consider the order of toasting, prioritize and avoid embarrassing situations. Even if you are confused or unclear about your position and status, you should toast in a unified order, such as toasting clockwise from your side first, or toasting from left to right and from right to left.
4, toast behavior requirements
Toast is divided into formal toast and ordinary toast. Formal toast means that at the beginning of the banquet, the host first toasts everyone collectively and at the same time makes a standard toast. This toast can be a little longer, but it will be finished in five minutes.
No matter the host or the guest, when toasting the group in their seats, they are required to stand up first, smile, hold a glass in hand and face everyone.
When the host toasts everyone, everyone should stop eating and drinking. When the host proposes a toast, everyone will raise their glasses and stand up and touch each other's glasses. According to international practice, it is not necessary to make a toast. But even people who don't drink at ordinary times should sip their glasses and pretend to show respect to their hosts.
In addition to the host toasting the group, guests can also toast the group. The guest's toast can be shorter, even a sentence or two. For example: "Ladies and gentlemen, let's drink to our happy cooperation in the future!" "
Usually, the content of etiquette norms is more about ordinary toasting. Ordinary toast means that after the host makes a formal toast, each guest and the host or guest can toast each other and say one or two simple toasts at the same time.
When someone makes a toast to you, raise your glass to eye level, and then drink it after the other person makes a toast or "cheers". After drinking, you have to look at each other with a glass, and the process is over.
For our country, we should pay special attention when toasting. When making a toast, both the respectful party and the accepting party should pay attention to local conditions and do as the Romans do. In most areas of our country, especially in the northeast, Inner Mongolia and other northern areas, people often pay attention to "one-sidedness" when toasting. In their view, this way can express sincerity and respect. Therefore, in the specific response, we should pay attention to the fact that our drinking capacity is poor, and we should explain it sincerely in advance. Don't appear very graceful and hold a glass of wine to respect each other, and the other party is just "mean" in doing so, which will often cause the other party's unhappiness. In addition, for toasting, if the other party really doesn't drink enough, there is no need to force it. The highest level of drinking should be "drinking well", not "drinking down".
In Chinese food, there is another stress. That is, after the host personally toasts you, you should pay back the host and have another toast with him. In return, you should hold the cup in your right hand and the bottom of the cup in your left hand, and drink with each other at the same time. When toasting, you can touch the glass symbolically. Don't push too hard, you are sure to hear the sound. Out of respect, you can make your cup lower than the other's. If they are far away from each other, you can touch the table with the bottom of the cup, which means touching the cup.
Different from Chinese food, champagne is generally used to toast and toast in western food. And it's just a toast, not a toast, only a toast without really clinking glasses. Don't cross the people around you and propose a toast to people far away, especially a cross toast.
What are the toast etiquette between the younger generation and the older generation? Toast etiquette between the younger generation and the elder includes: pay attention to toasting clockwise, and at the same time, your own cup is lower than others'; Pay attention to the order, and wait until the leaders and elders have finished drinking each other before toasting; You can't have the privilege of leaders and elders: leaders and elders can respect many people with one person, but you can't; Read the words, help add wine, and propose a toast at the right time.
1. Pay attention to toast clockwise, and your own cup is lower than others'. Your own glass is lower than others'. I believe everyone who has drunk wine knows this basic etiquette. In short, it means showing respect. In the order of toasting, if you drink with leaders or elders, start with leaders or elders and come one by one, and ordinary friends will be more casual. If you pay attention, you should follow the direction of instantaneous time.
2. Pay attention to the order, and wait for the leaders and elders to drink each other before toasting. Pay special attention when leaders or elders are present. When they want to serve a dish, they usually have to wait for the leaders or elders to eat it first, and the younger generation will start eating it. The same is true of toasting. We usually ask leaders or elders to toast each other. When they finish drinking each other, it's time for the younger generation to be filial, so it's time for you to start toasting.
3. You can't have the privilege of leaders and elders: leaders and elders can respect many people with one person, but you can't. After all, leaders and elders are generally older than us in qualifications, age and experience. They have some privileges because they become our leaders and elders. The most basic thing to remember is that they can be all of you alone, or they can be one-to-many. Your younger generation can't, so you can only respect each other.
4. Look at words and deeds, help add wine, and propose a toast at the right time. It is very important to see the four elephants and listen to all directions on the wine table. It's time to consider the drinking needs of my leaders or elders, if you want to match them. It's very important and simple to read people's minds. Add wine for them in time, especially when the glass is empty, and then pay attention to the order of adding wine, leading first.
What about the gap between the same sex, between the elders and the younger generation? Think about her thoughts from the other person's point of view, learn to be generous, tolerate other people's shortcomings, be good at listening, and don't be cold-blooded.
Hope to adopt
Between the elders and the younger generation, in fact, the elders only have custody of the younger generation and have no privilege. In their eyes, the younger generation is always a child, so they always feel that they are more experienced and knowledgeable than the younger generation, fearing that the younger generation will have problems. They always use their own ideas to restrain the younger generation, which is easy to produce contradictions, but as long as they communicate and understand each other, they can still live in harmony.
How to reduce the generation gap between the elders and the younger generation? Teach you how to get along with your elders
General principle: don't hurt others. When others hurt us, tolerance should be our only principle, otherwise it is to fight violence with violence.
Specifically, the key is to do the following four aspects.
First, respect, second, understanding, third, communication, and fourth, help.
First, respecting the old and loving the young is an excellent tradition of the Chinese nation, not to mention our elders. Due to different growth experiences, people have different views on the problem. This requires us to learn to respect the way our elders exist so as not to hurt them.
Second, learn to understand. Everyone has a reason to exist, try to accommodate their elders, rather than dislike, hurt, change or even exclude them.
Third, communicate actively. As an advertisement said, "Communication is infinite and communication is eternal". Only communication can reduce misunderstanding and estrangement, and ultimately reduce mutual harm.
Fourth, we should help our elders. Help others, will others bite the hand that feeds you?
How do younger generations propose a toast to their elders? First, stand up and walk to one side and call your elders. Second, say something nice, such as good health and all the best. Third, your cup must be half shorter than that of your elders. Fourth, the elder must sit down when he stands up, because you are the younger generation and he is the elder. Elder Wu can drink freely, but you must kill it. This is to respect him. For reference only, it shouldn't be wrong
Seek the mutual address of ancient elders and younger generations. I suggest you try this: your father, your mother? Pay tribute to other people's parents.
My father, my family, my mother and my father are all honorifics for their parents.
Your brother and sister? Used as a courtesy title for others' brothers and sisters.
My brother and sister? Used as a courtesy title for brothers and sisters.
Your son's title of respect for other people's sons.
Dong Chuang's nickname for his son-in-law.
Inner room, wife, humble Jing? A husband's address to his wife.
Couples are called husband and wife, spouse, partner and lover. 、
Brother's name is Kun Zhong, Tang Di and Shouzu.
Women are called women and tea.
That man calls a man a man.
Teachers call teachers, and teachers call teachers.
Schools are generally called cold windows, and classmates are called classmates.
Call yourself stupid, humble and born late.
The advantages of this are:
I suggest you try this:
The advantages of this are:
Precautions:
Precautions:
Regarding the etiquette when toasting or eating with elders, elders sit in your workstation.
The height of the wine glass is lower than that of the elders.
Respect your elders first, and don't let them buy you drinks.
When you pick up the cup, you can't put it down.
If you clink your glasses, you can't be taller than your elders.
If you clink a glass, you will finish it. You can't drink half of it. Put it down and keep drinking.
Don't pour wine for your elders with your left hand.
There is more wine in your own cup than in your elders' cups.
If someone pours wine for you, hold your cup in one hand to show your respect.
If the elder doesn't drink, but his glass has been served, don't put it down. You might as well drink it. It doesn't matter. I respect you. I respect you. Drink it and you'll be free (don't tell the lady). Usually, elders will bring wine to drink tea.
I can remember so much for a while. . . .
The younger generation in Japan has seen the etiquette of their elders. As a junior, we should first salute our elders and bend over 45 degrees. In order to show respect for each other, some polite expressions are essential. For example, when they meet for the first time, they should say: Hello, welcome. Please give more advice in the future. If you are familiar with your elders, you should be more cordial, such as asking about your health, which is not much different from that in China, but Japan respects the elderly more.
What is the etiquette of serving tea in China? How do younger generations offer tea to their elders? Music broadcast ten times does not mean "ten parties"
Ten songs that were popular in the streets and lanes of Fuzhou in the 1920s and 1930s are rarely heard by young people in Fuzhou today. Although folk funerals are also useful, the real "Ten Tea Pavilions" are rare. Chen, a 72-year-old descendant of "Tea Pavilion", said in an interview recently that his most urgent task at present is to cultivate young descendants. In a few years, I'm afraid I'm weak.
According to Mu Ying, an old Chen Man, Fan Shi music is a kind of self-entertaining performance, which is very popular in Fuzhou. Need 18 people to cooperate with more than a dozen musical instruments. Without conductor and formal music score, learners rely entirely on the words and deeds of the master. However, in recent years, with the loss of living soil, Fan Shi's music has gradually declined, and not only the unique folk flavor in performance is difficult to reflect, but also few young people are interested in it. Today, most of the ten artists of the older generation have passed away, and the new generation of artists with higher level are also in their 40 s and 50 s, and their talents have withered. As the only remaining old descendant of "Ten Tea Pavilion", Chen's anxiety can be imagined.
Similar to old Chen Man Mu Ying, Shi Li, a descendant of "jilting cymbals", also faced the same dilemma. "Throwing cymbals" is a kind of Taoist acrobatic dance, which is popular in Quanzhou. With a history of more than 500 years, it is difficult to move, and the performance time is more than two hours, which is very ornamental. However, Shi Li is over 70 years old and his skills are not as good as before. This skill handed down from generation to generation has been struggling here. Although there are several apprentices, they all have high acting skills and low income, which is difficult to pass on.
Soil "loss" talent shortage
It is a common problem faced by many folk traditional cultures in Fujian Province, especially some cultural heritages that rely on oral and behavioral inheritance. Old artists are dead or old, who can play a key role and lack high-level young and middle-aged talents; Knowledgeable artists go into business or change careers, which leads to the disconnection of artistic inheritance. More seriously, fewer and fewer teenagers are interested in traditional art and willing to learn. Quanzhou Art School had planned to recruit students majoring in puppet performance, but only six students applied, so we had to give up.
A survey from the Education, Culture, Health and Education Committee of the Provincial People's Congress shows that some valuable folk performances are gradually disappearing, and there are no descendants of dragon dancing such as Maolong, Bench Dragon, Grass Dragon, Baolong and Shuilong in Youxi County. Three of the five China arts and crafts masters who were criticized in our province have died, and the other two are over 70 years old; In the evaluation of professional and technical positions, 96 senior arts and crafts artists won awards, and more than 30 people retired and died of illness.
The foundation needs to be cultivated and the "tradition" needs to be protected.
The soil of traditional culture in Fujian Province is extremely deep, which leads to various forms of cultural expression. Among them, traditional arts and crafts such as opera, acrobatics, sculpture, paper-cutting, New Year pictures, ceramics, riddles, ventriloquism and traditional rap have unique charm and extremely diverse forms of expression. However, with the rapid development of economy and society and the evolution of cultural ecology, some ethnic and folk cultures have gradually entered a trough and are even on the verge of extinction. For example, bodiless lacquerware, one of the "Three Treasures of China", is facing a crisis due to its complicated technology, many procedures and narrow market.
It has become the common voice of people of insight to save folk traditional culture and let it pass on. A cultural person told reporters that the most important thing at present is to cultivate the mass base and have strong soil fertility. The insiders believe that traditional culture is different from popular culture "fast food" and can produce benefits in the short term. Therefore, it is necessary to protect, inherit and strive for perfection, rather than generally shifting the responsibility to the market.