1On June 24th, 860, Florence Nightingale set up the Nightingale Nurse Training School in St. Thomas Hospital, London, with a huge sum of money donated by people from all walks of life in Britain as the Nightingale Fund. St Thomas Hospital was established in 12 13, and enjoys a long-standing reputation in Britain. The difference between this hospital and other hospitals is that it has never been controlled by religion. This school, regarded by later generations as the first formal nursing school in the world, aims to take nursing as a scientific profession and try a new non-religious school. She made clear regulations on school management, student selection, curriculum arrangement, practice and performance evaluation, formally established a nursing education system, and created a great cause of modern nursing specialty. This is an unprecedented contribution to all mankind. Because of this, she should be praised as a pioneer of nursing career by future generations. She deeply felt that it was extremely difficult to train nursing talents, so she formulated two principles: first, nurses should not just do "scrubbing" work; Secondly, don't be a head nurse and teach others unless you are trained.
Nightingale Nursing School started with 15 females, aged between 25 and 35, and the training time was one year. Students' accommodation, uniforms and tuition fees are all free, and a grant of 10 is given every year. The school was entrusted to the nursing director of St. Thomas Hospital, and Nightingale had only been to the school twice. But she has been paying attention to the development of the school. The hospital nursing director has been asking her for instructions and reporting everything about the school. Nurses and head nurses often interview at nightingale's house. 1860, florence nightingale established the world's first formal nursing school, florence nightingale Nursing School, at St. Thomas Hospital in England with the florence nightingale Fund of 4400 pounds donated by the public. Subsequently, we began to train midwives and nurses in the workhouse. She made outstanding contributions in hospital management, military health care, nurse education and training, and was praised as the founder of modern nursing education by later generations. She also put forward the idea of public health care, arguing that preventive medical services should be provided through community organizations. She has trained 1000 nurses in her life. The main works "Hospital Notes" and "Nursing Notes" have become the basic teaching materials for hospital management and nurse education. It has promoted the development of nursing work and nurse education in western European countries and even the world. Because of her efforts, nursing has become a science.
Nightingale's plan and basic principle for the school are: "Nurses must receive technical training in specially organized hospitals, and nurses must live in school dormitories that adapt to improving morality and observing discipline." She drafted the "Daily Report of Students' Conduct and Academic Achievements". 187 1 year, the new building of St. Thomas hospital was completed, and the nightingale nursing school was also expanded. She advocates that schools should become nurses' homes and training places for morality, religion and practice. All the students live on campus, with nuns as housekeepers, encouraging them to read books, attend Bible classes and listen to music to cultivate their interests. She wants her students to be absolutely loyal and enthusiastic, diligent and ethical to professional nursing. By 1890, after more than 30 years of nursing education, 1005 students have been trained, most of whom have been hired by hospitals in Britain, America and Asia to set up nursing schools.
Nightingale's students are all over the major hospitals in Britain, far away from Britain. At the same time, nightingale-style nursing schools have been established in Europe and America. The curriculum and organization management of "Nightingale Nurse Training School" has become a model for many nursing schools in Eurasia. With the increase of trained nurses, the nursing career has developed rapidly, which is called the Nightingale era internationally. Before nightingale's nursing reform, nursing work was regarded as a lowly occupation, which was not respected by people and the salary was very low. She cooks three meals a day alone in the ward. At that time, the image of British nurses was a vulgar and conservative woman, ignorant, dirty, drunk and rude. She is notorious in the hospital and can't perform any medical tasks, but her status is only slightly higher than that of a domestic nanny. At that time, most of the wards in the hospital were a large unified room, with beds closely connected and messy. The walls and floors are covered with blood and stains, and the smell is unpleasant. This bad phenomenon is almost the same everywhere.
The significance of Nightingale's nursing training is to let the whole society know that nursing work is a kind of "technology" and raise it to the status of "specialized occupation", so Nightingale is called "the founder of modern nursing work", which is the natural result of nurses' superior moral character, improved social status and increased salary. There are three main ways for nightingale to accomplish and improve these tasks, namely, setting an example, writing books, preaching and practicing in person.
Since nightingale's time, nursing practice education has been regarded as the main content of nursing specialty. From the19th century, the formulation of nursing operation standards, tasks and work contents of nurses were discussed. Developing nursing career in the front line; Reform the British military medical system; The establishment of modern nursing education, the treatment of the wounded in the Franco-Prussian War and the establishment of the International Red Cross all benefited from nightingale's assistance and support. Nightingale's achievements are very famous in Britain. Europe and America also admit that she is an expert in nursing. 186 1 year, during the American civil war, the union army wanted to ask her to help set up a hospital to treat wounded soldiers, and she provided relevant US military combat medical system and statistical data. After the war, the Christian Union of America sent a special thank-you letter. Since then, whenever countries have major medical problems and plans, she is always the first person to be consulted. Although her work is like a mountain, she has always maintained close contact and concern for nursing education and nursing work. She once helped the nursing home of Liverpool Reformatory for the Poor establish a nursing system and sent her proud disciple and 12 professional nurses to work.
1863 The naming and classification of diseases in Britain are confusing, and hospitals in different places are fragmented. Nightingale developed a standard model of medical statistics, which was adopted by hospitals in Britain one after another and was recognized as a great contribution.
Nightingale showed her talent in mathematics from an early age. Later, nightingale became a pioneer in visual expression and statistical graphics. Although the pie chart she used was invented by William playfair in 180 1 year, it was still a novel method to display data at that time.
Nightingale is described as "the real pioneer of statistical graphic display method". She developed a polar pie chart, or nightingale rose chart, which is equivalent to a modern circular histogram, to illustrate the changes of patient mortality in the field hospitals she manages in different seasons. She used a polar pie chart to report the medical conditions of the Crimean War to members of Congress who could not read the statistical report.
Later, nightingale conducted a comprehensive health statistical study on rural life in India, which improved the medical and public health services in India. In 1858 and 1859, she successfully lobbied for the establishment of a royal committee to study the situation in India. 1873, Nightingale reported, "After 10 years of health reform, the death rate of Indian soldiers has dropped from 69‰ to 18.
1859, Nightingale was elected as the first female member of the Royal Statistical Society, and she later became an honorary member of the American Statistical Association.