Teacher: Students, we all know that reading famous sayings can give us great inspiration and make us gain a lot. Who will say a famous saying?

Health: Love books, it is the source of knowledge. (Gorky)

Health: studying for the rise of China. (Zhou Enlai)

Health: frown coldly at a thousand fingers, bow down and be a willing ox. (Lu Xun)

Health: To thousands of books, take Wan Li Road. (Tao Xingzhi)

Teacher: The famous saying is Wang Yang Sea, from which we are inspired. Today, the teacher also brought a famous saying, please read it together: (on the big screen)

People are inherently mortal, either heavier than Mount Tai or lighter than a feather.

Sima Qian

Teacher: What does this famous saying mean? Today, we go to Yiwen and look for it together. Please write the topic with the teacher. (Love between teachers and students: Sima Qian tried to write historical records)

Student: What about you, teacher? Angry? what's up Angry? No, it should be? Anger? what's up Angry? .

Teacher: Oh, these two words are easily confused, and so is the teacher. Thank you for reminding me. (The teacher will? Finn? Change to? Angry? . )

Student: Teacher, you left out the title of the book. Historical Records is a book, so the title should be added.

Teacher: Oh, you have Ming Rui's eyes. Historical Records is a book, so you can't miss its title. It seems sloppy! Now, the topic is written correctly. Let's read the topic together.

Student: Read the questions together.

Teacher: Please open the text, browse quickly, find the sentences that explain Sima Qian's famous words, and draw them with wavy lines.

Health: in the third quarter:? People always die, some are heavier than Mount Tai and some are lighter than a feather. ?

Teacher: Read this sentence together. Please compare Sima Qian's famous words and see? Solid? What do you mean?

Health:? Solid? what's up Always? The meaning of.

Teacher:? Or? What do you mean?

Health:? Or? what's up what's up The meaning of.

Teacher: Are the students familiar with this text? Next, I will invite my classmates to read the text. Who will read the first part?

Health: Look at the first section.

Teacher: Who can find a synonym for the word travel?

Health: sightseeing.

Teacher: Why didn't the text say that Sima Qian traveled around the world, but that he traveled around the world?

Health:? Travel? It is sightseeing; ? Travel? Not only go sightseeing, but also learn something.

Teacher: You are really something! You found the subtle difference between these two words. Sima Qian began to travel around the world at the age of twenty. He not only visited many famous mountains and rivers, but also researched historical materials and visited the elderly. This behavior laid a solid foundation for Sima Qian to write Historical Records.

Teacher: Who will read the second part?

Health: Look at the second section.

Teacher: Read the word "entrust". ? Entrusted? What is the synonym for?

Health: There is a charge.

Teacher: Why not use the text? Charge? And use it? trust

Health: (no one answered)

Teacher: Dad's? Entrusted? What is this? Who will read the father's entrustment?

Health:? After my death, the court will let you inherit my official position. Don't forget the history books I will finish in my life! ?

Teacher: I didn't read the exclamation point! Who will read it again?

Health: Look at my father's instructions.

Teacher: Why not use the text? Charge? And use it? trust

Health:? Entrusted? Than? Charge? It's heavier because it's my father's last words.

Teacher: Good point. This is the important task given to Sima Qian by his father. What's the use of Sima Qian's unfinished wish? Entrusted? . Students must think when reading, and the author is very particular about words.

Teacher: Who will read the third part?

Health: Look at the third section.

Teacher: Look at the illustrations. How did Sima Qian write historical records on bamboo slips?

Student: Because paper had not been invented at that time, books could only be written on bamboo slips?

Teacher: Do you know who invented paper?

Health: Cai Lun.

Teacher: Yes! Cai Lun in the Eastern Han Dynasty and Sima Qian were from the Western Han Dynasty. At that time, paper had not been invented.

Teacher: Let's read the last paragraph together.

Health: Let's watch the last paragraph.

Teacher: Let's read Sima Qian's famous words again.

Student: Read together:

People are inherently mortal, either heavier than Mount Tai or lighter than a feather.

Sima Qian

Teacher: Under what circumstances did Sima Qian say this sentence? I asked a classmate to read the third paragraph again.

Health: Look at the third section.

Teacher: Read this word together, unexpected trouble. Attention? Horizontal? This is a polyphonic word. Read the fourth sound. ? Unexpected trouble? What do you mean?

Health: a sudden disaster.

Teacher: Sima Qian's? Unexpected trouble? What kind of disaster is it? What does this book say?

Health: Sima Qian confessed? A general defended, offended Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, and was imprisoned and tortured.

Teacher: Yes. What the hell is going on here? The teacher consulted relevant historical materials. Please read this passage: (displayed on the big screen)

In 99 BC, the Huns invaded the Han Dynasty. Li Ling, grandson of Li Guang, a flying general, led 5,000 chosen men into Xiongnu. Being outnumbered, the soldiers ran out of food, and Li Ling surrendered to the Huns. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was furious and wanted to severely punish the Li Ling family. Ministers rushed to echo, saying that Li Ling was guilty. Only Sima Qian defended Li Ling, saying that Li Ling was honest and his defection was for a reason. I hope the emperor will be more tolerant. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was furious and put Sima Qian in prison. Later, Sima Qian was sentenced to extremely cruel punishment (castration, also known as corruption). This kind of punishment is not only a cruel destruction of the body, but also a great humiliation of the personality.

Teacher: Sima Qian was imprisoned. At that time, some people commented that the penalty of castration was not only a cruel destruction to the body, but also a great humiliation to the personality. Sima Qian, as a just man, should fight with death and die without regret. He really survived. Isn't that drag out an ignoble existence? Do you think Sima Qian drag out an ignoble existence?

Health: No, Sima Qian may have a good reputation when he dies like this, but can this sound be compared with historical records?

Student: No, if Sima Qian died like this, can we still read Historical Records today?

Health: Sima Qian lived entirely for historical records, for the benefit of future generations, and for leaving a history book for future generations.

Teacher:? Yes, Sima Qian lived for Historical Records. His all of my heart is in the book. Who can read it?

Health: People always die, some are heavier than Mount Tai, and some are lighter than a feather. If I die like this, wouldn't it be as light as a feather? I have to live! I must finish this history book! ?

Teacher: Notice that there is a question mark and two exclamation marks in this article. Who can read these three punctuation marks?

Health: Read this article freely.

Teacher: Read this article by name, and then read it together.

Teacher: Fan read the short passage, and then the students read the short passage together.

Teacher: Death is too easy for Sima Qian. Once you die, it's over, but what about historical records? Read it again.

Student: Students read this article together again.

Teacher: Sima Qian thinks so. How did he do it?

Health:? Thought of here, he tried to restrain himself, buried his personal shame and pain in his heart, unfolded a smooth bamboo slip again, and wrote a neat line of official characters on it. ?

Teacher: Please read Sima Qian's thought and practice separately.

Teacher: Please read the list of new words in the book. Which words do you think are the most difficult to write?

Teacher: Instruct writing? Xiao? 、? Prison? .

Health: Write new words.

Second lesson

Teacher: Last class, we said that while he was absorbed in compiling historical records, an unexpected trouble suddenly fell on his head. Sima Qian, a righteous man, defended General Li Ling, offended Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and was jailed. This is a great shame! Sima Qian really wanted to spill blood on the Great Wall and die. But what about historical records? Sima Qian lived for historical records. Sima Qian survived for another reason. Please open your books and read the second part.

Health: Look at the second section.

Teacher: Think about it. What else kept Sima Qian alive?

Health: Sima Qian in order to fulfill his father's dying entrustment.

Teacher: This is also an important reason. How was my father entrusted to him before he died? We read it together.

Student: Read it together: After my death, the court will let you inherit my official position. Don't forget the history books I will finish in my life! ?

Teacher: If Sima Qian's blood splashes on the wall, he will die and go to the grave. How can he face his father?

Sima Qian remembered his father's entrustment. Read it again.

Health: Look at my father's instructions.

Teacher: In order to fulfill his father's last wish, Sima Qian endured such filth and survived for historical records. It took Sima Qian 13 years to finish the Historical Records. Sima Qian died after writing Historical Records. Do you think Sima Qian's death is more important than Mount Tai or less important than a feather?

Health: It is more important than Mount Tai, because he has finished an unprecedented masterpiece Historical Records.

Life is more important than Mount Tai, because Sima Qian died without regret after fulfilling his father's last wish.

Teacher: What kind of historical records did Sima Qian complete? Who will read the last paragraph?

Health: Look at the last paragraph.

Teacher: Historical Records is a brilliant masterpiece with 520,000 words. The teacher showed two volumes of Historical Records. The 520,000-word Historical Records is heavy and was written by Sima Qian with his life. Why was Historical Records written by Sima Qian with his life?

Health: Because Sima Qian accepted castration, in the later days, he lived entirely for the sake of historical records.

Health: Sima Qian regards historical records as his own life, which embodies Sima Qian's life.

Teacher: Later generations recorded the death of Sima Qian. In fact, after writing historical records, life is of little significance to Sima Qian. He lives to write history books. Read the last paragraph again.

Health: Let's watch the last paragraph.

Teacher: Mr. Lu Xun commented on Sima Qian's Historical Records like this. Read together: (presented on the big screen)

Historian's swan song

Li Sao has no rhyme.

Lu Xun

Do you know whose work Li Sao is?

Health: It was written by Qu Yuan.

Teacher: Li Sao is the work of Qu Yuan, and it is a great work. Lu Xun compared Historical Records to Li Sao, which is a very high evaluation of Sima Qian. Historian's masterpiece, Li Sao, which doesn't rhyme. Historical Records has high historical value, literary value and ideological value. Let's read Lu Xun's Historical Records Review again.

Student: Read Lu Xun's comments together.

Teacher: Students, after reading the story of Historical Records written by Sima Qian, I believe you must have a lot to say. Please write down your feelings at the moment in one or two concise sentences. It belongs to your name. (When the music starts, students write their feelings, about 4 minutes. )

Teacher: Let's listen to the students' feelings.

Health: Your historical records are both brilliant and heavy. You let me know what kind of death is more important than Mount Tai. (Tsui Hark)

Health: Qu Yuan left, leaving the world with a song "Li Sao", which has never been sung by anyone. Sima Qian left, leaving the world with a brilliant masterpiece "Historical Records". (Hua Jin)

Health: Newton filled the gap in mechanics, Einstein discovered the theory of relativity, Chen Jingrun opened the Goldbach conjecture, and you, Sima Qian, let us read it? Li Sao has no rhyme? Historical records. (Wang Wei)

Health: The Historical Records is Sima Qian, who is not only the swan song of historians, but also a wizard of the ages. Historical Records is the essence of Sima Qian's personality and immortal spiritual food. (Wang Chengying)

Health: Historical Records is an unprecedented work. What we see is not only the brilliance of this work, but also the bitter course behind this success. A patient groped his way up the rough road.

Teacher: Great! Applause! Please read it again. (Students read it again)

Teacher: The teacher also wrote a feeling, please read it together: (on the big screen)

Miracles are mostly born of bad luck.

Zhu Xiangyang

Teacher: This is my feeling after reading this story. Who can tell the meaning of this sentence with the story of Sima Qian?

Health: It is precisely because Sima Qian was imprisoned and suffered an unfair fate that a miracle like Historical Records was born.

Teacher: Do you know which miracles are born in bad luck?

Health: Helen Keller was completely deaf, dumb and blind, but she became a famous writer all over the world.

Teacher: Yes. Mark Twain once said that two great men were born in the19th century, one was Napoleon and the other was Helen Keller.

Health: Shi Tiesheng is a man with paralyzed legs, but he has written many great works.

Health: Zhang Ji failed in the imperial examination in Sun Shan, but when he was extremely depressed, he wrote such a masterpiece as a night-mooring near maple bridge.

Teacher: Yes! Hanshan Temple became a famous tourist attraction because of this poem.

Teacher: Many miracles are born in bad luck. Sima Qian wrote such a passage in an article: (presented on the big screen)

King Gavin was arrested and acted in Zhouyi; Zhong You wrote Spring and Autumn Annals; Qu Yuan's exile is a tribute to Li Sao. Zuo Qiu is blind and has "Mandarin"; The foot of Sun Tzu's Art of War has been revised; Don't introduce Shu to Wei and pass on Lu Lan. Han Fei imprisoned Qin, Difficult and Lonely Anger; Three hundred poems, the underground sages are angry.

Teacher: What does this passage mean? (displayed on the big screen)

Zhou Wenwang wrote the Book of Changes after he was imprisoned. Confucius was trapped in Cai Chen on his way around the world. Later, he made up a Spring and Autumn Annals. Qu Yuan was exiled and wrote Li Sao. Zuo Qiuming is blind and writes Mandarin. Sun Bin was gouged out of his kneecap and wrote the Art of War by Sun Tzu. Lv Buwei was forced to move to Sichuan, and Lu Lan was handed down from generation to generation. Han Feizi was imprisoned in the state of Qin, which led to the writing of Difficulty and Sorrow. There are also 300 poems in The Book of Songs, most of which were written after the ancient people suffered setbacks.

Teacher: Countless people with lofty ideals have created miracles in their sufferings. Please read Sima Qian's words

Health: Read Sima Qian's words together.

Teacher: Most miracles are born of bad luck. Is it true that all people can work miracles in the face of bad luck? Think about it, what kind of people can produce miracles in the face of bad luck? Sima Qian encountered unexpected troubles and wrote a brilliant masterpiece, which word in the title has a lot to do with it?

Health: angry.

Teacher: Why use it? Anger? what's up Angry? Without it? Struggle? what's up make an effort

Health: Because it is full of grief and indignation of Sima Qian.

Health: Sima Qian turned grief into strength and always warned himself that no matter what hardships he encountered, he should complete the historical records.

Teacher: Sima Qian wrote a brilliant masterpiece "Historical Records", which is of course related to his? Angry? It has a lot to do with it, but I think Sima Qian wrote Historical Records for other reasons. Please read the first part.

Health: Look at the first section.

Health: He has been determined to write history books since he was a child.

Student: Influenced by his father, his family background is good.

Health: He has read many books and wandered around. He visited thousands of books and took Wan Li Road.

Teacher: Yes. These are the reasons why Sima Qian was able to write Historical Records. Historical Records is a treasure of China culture. Today, there are many famous idioms from Sima Qian's Historical Records. Let's read these idioms: (on the big screen)

Teacher: Every idiom is a wonderful story. Sima Qian's "Historical Records" is ancient Chinese, and students still can't understand it. I have a student version of Historical Records here, which is very suitable for students to read. (Recommended student version of Historical Records)

Teacher: Sima Qian bought the birth of Historical Records at the cost of his life, and his works erected a historical monument. Sima Qian is immortal because of historical records!