The Qufu Confucius Temple was called an "isolated example" in the history of world architecture by the architect Liang Sicheng due to its grand scale, majestic spirit, age, and complete preservation. It is now a world cultural heritage and a Chinese It is a national key cultural relic protection unit of the People's Republic of China and is listed as one of the three major ancient building complexes in China along with the Forbidden City in Beijing and the Chengde Summer Resort. Next, I will bring you some excellent guide words for Qufu Three Kongs. Welcome to read and learn from them.
Confucius Temple Tour Guide (1)
Dear tourists:
Hello! I am your tour guide Xiao Chen. First of all, I would like to visit the famous city of Qufu. All distinguished guests expressed their warm welcome. I am honored to be your tour guide and I am very happy. This is a good opportunity for us *** to enjoy and learn together.
First of all, let me give you a brief introduction to the history and cultural relics of Qufu.
Qufu, a famous historical and cultural city, is the hometown of Confucius, a great thinker, educator, politician, document organizer and world-famous saint in ancient my country, the hometown of Mencius, the descendant saint, and the birthplace of Xuanyuan Huangdi, the ancestor of the Chinese nation. Di, the capital of Emperor Yan, the homeland of Shang and Yin, and the capital of Lu. Four of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors lived and worked here, with a history of more than 5,000 years. There are rich treasures underground and numerous cultural relics above ground. There are currently 112 cultural relics, including United Nations protected units, 3 world cultural heritage sites, 4 nationally protected sites, 12 provincial-level sites, and others under prefecture-level and municipal-level protection.
The most important ones are "three holes, two temples and one mausoleum", "three mountains, two forests and one temple". Confucius Temple, Confucius Mansion, and Confucius Forest, commonly known as "Three Confucius", include a temple dedicated to the Chinese Yuan Sheng Duke Zhou, and a temple dedicated to Fu Sheng Yan Hui, the first disciple of Confucius, commonly known as "Two Temples"; "Yiling" is the site of the Yellow Emperor Birthplace - Shaohao Mausoleum in Shouxiu; "Three Mountains"; Nishan Mountain, the birthplace of the sage Confucius, Jiulong Mountain of Han tombs, and Xiaotai Mountain - Jiuxian Mountain (also known as Jiuxian Mountain). Erlin is: Meng Mulin, the best mother in educating children in the world, and Liang Gonglin, where the parents of the saint Confucius are buried; Yisi is where Li Bai and Du Fu wrote poems, answered questions, and broke up, and the national garden Shimen Temple is where the famous scholar Kong Shangren lived in seclusion.
Let’s look at the Confucius Temple now.
Confucius Temple, also known as the Holy Temple, is a place to worship the saint Confucius, his wife Qi Guanshi and seventy-two sages. The Confucius Temple, together with the Forbidden City in Beijing and the Summer Resort in Chengde City, Hebei Province, are known as the three major ancient building complexes in China. Experts said four things about the Confucius Temple: it has the longest construction history, is the grandest, is the most complete, and has the most outstanding oriental architectural features. Two issues can be seen from the Confucius Temple: first, the great contribution of the saint Confucius to Chinese and even Eastern culture; second, China has skilled craftsmen in history.
The Confucius Temple was built in 478 BC, the second year after the death of the saint Confucius. Three temples were built in the former residence of the sage Confucius, where the clothes, carriages, books, etc. of the sage Confucius are displayed and enshrined at every age. Emperors of all dynasties have expanded the Confucius Temple, including 15 major repairs, 31 intermediate repairs, and hundreds of minor repairs to reach its current scale. The Confucius Temple imitates the architectural structure of the imperial palace. It is divided into three roads and nine courtyards. It has 466 houses and 54 pavilions. It runs through a central axis from east to west. It has nearly a thousand tablets and covers an area of ??327.5 acres. It is 327.5 acres long. It reaches two miles and 150 meters.
The Confucius Temple we see now is the size it was during the Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty. After liberation, the state allocated funds for repair and protection many times. One of the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units announced in my country, it was listed as a world cultural heritage in December 1994 and became a cultural relic unit protected by the United Nations. The Confucius Temple has a long history of construction, a grand scale, and a complete preservation that is rare in the world.
Shinto. The section of road with vigorous ancient cypresses in front of the Wanren Palace Wall is called Shinto. In front of important temples, there is a special way to respect the spiritual power, which is called "Shinto".
Wanren Palace Wall. This gate is the south gate of Qufu Ming City, and it is also the first gate of the Confucius Temple. Hanging above it are the four characters "Wanren Palace Wall", which were written by Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. The Confucius Temple originated from Zigong, a favorite disciple of the sage Confucius.
When the princes of the state of Lu were meeting together, someone suggested that Zigong's knowledge was profound and profound, and could be compared with the sage Confucius. Zigong was present and immediately stood up and said, "I don't dare to compare with my teacher, the sage Confucius. A person's knowledge is like a wall. I am a Taoist." The wall is only one meter high, but my teacher’s wall is tens of meters tall. That is to say, my knowledge is as high as my shoulders and head, and there is nothing profound at a glance. The knowledge of the sage Confucius is several times greater than mine. Only through detailed research and comprehensive discussion can I understand everything about him. The beauty of the ancestral temple cannot be seen outside the door. In order to describe the profound knowledge of the saint Confucius, later generations went from "The Wall of Confucius" to "Hundred Ren", "Thousand Ren", to the emperor of the Ming Dynasty canonizing the saint Confucius as the "official master of the world, teacher of emperors of all dynasties", and the knowledge of the saint Confucius was: Wanren?, praising the sage Confucius for his knowledge of ten thousand eight feet. Looking up, you can't see the top. He also said that the wall is deep and high, and it is very strong. These four characters were originally written by the imperial envoy of the Ming Dynasty. In order to express the importance he attached to the sage Confucius, Qianlong personally wrote "Wanren Palace Wall" and replaced it with his imperial pen.
Golden Sound and Jade Zhenfang. This workshop was built in the Ming Dynasty to express the exquisite and perfect knowledge of the sage Confucius, just like the whole process of playing music, it is complete from beginning to end. Ancient music begins with the ringing of a bell. The sound of the bell is the beginning of the sequence. It ends with the beating of the chime. The vibration of the jade is the sound of the chime falling, which is called the ending sequence. It praises the knowledge of the sage Confucius as a culmination of the sages and sages. , so it is called the sound of gold and the vibration of jade. The sound of gold bells begins, and the sound of jade vibrations ends. This is also the origin of the idiom that things should be done from beginning to end. "Jin Sheng Yu Zhen" was inscribed by Hu Zuanzong, a great calligrapher of the Ming Dynasty.
?Two cypresses carry one hole?. When you cross the single-hole stone arch bridge of Yuzhenfang, there is an ancient cypress on the east and west sides, so it is called "two cypresses and one hole". The name of this bridge is: "Panshui Bridge" is connected with the water in the Pan pool next to the palace, so the story is "Panshui". In the past, reading the books of Confucius and Mencius and being admitted to a higher education institution were called "Enter Hope". Those who became officials hoped to be promoted, those who did business hoped to make a fortune, and their lives hoped to be prosperous.
Dismounting Monument. Outside the temple wall, there is a stone tablet on the east and west sides. In 1191 AD, there were two stone tablets: the dismounting horse stele and the dismounting sedan stele. The stele on the west side has long been destroyed, and the stele on the east side says "Officials have been waiting for this to dismount." In the past, civil and military officials and ordinary people would pass by and dismount their sedan chairs and walk on foot to show their respect for the saint Confucius and the Confucius Temple.
Lingxing Gate. It was built in the Ming Dynasty and rebuilt in 1754 AD, from wood to iron and stone. ?Lingxing Gate? is the imperial pen of Qianlong. It is said that there are twenty-eight constellations in the galaxy in the sky. Among them, there is a star in charge of culture called "Ling Star", also known as "Wenqu Star" and "Tian Zhenxing". It connects the sage Confucius with the star in charge of culture in the sky. In terms of culture, he It is the highest. Just like in the past when offering sacrifices to heaven, one must first offer sacrifices to "Wenquxing". There is a saying that respecting Confucius is like respecting heaven.
Taihe Yuanqi Square. This square was built in 1544 AD in the Ming Dynasty. It highly praised the thoughts of the sage Confucius and advocated that the universe can nourish all things. The combination of heaven and earth, the combination of the four directions, the combination of yin and yang, the Qi of "Taihe" is the most basic thing, the harmony of the universe and the vitality of the world. "Taihe Yuanqi" is handwritten by Zeng Xian, the governor of Shandong.
The Holy Temple. The "Holy Holy Temple Square" built in the Ming Dynasty is made of white marble and decorated with flame orbs.
The virtues of heaven and earth, the Tao of ancient and modern times. There is a very peculiar archway built on the east and west side of this Taoist temple. It is surrounded by wooden corners and has thousands of heads. There are eight monsters below, called "Celestial Dragon and Divine Lion". It is said that the majestic inspiration of the Confucius Temple can drive away evil and provide support. justice. There is a letter on the east archway: "Virtue is equal to heaven and earth", saying that the benefits brought to mankind by the thoughts and ideas of the sage Confucius are as high as the heavens and the earth, and their merits can be compared with those of heaven and earth. On the west archway, there is a letter "Tao Guan Ancient and Modern", praising the saint Confucius's thoughts and methods as the best in the world in ancient and modern times.
Holy Hour Gate. The three gates are juxtaposed, the four platforms are all the same, and a dragon is coiled in the center. The name of this sect comes from Mencius. Regarding the four ancient saints Boyi, Yiyin, Liu Xiahui, and the saint Confucius, Mencius summarized the holy miracles of the four saints into four sentences: The saint of Boyi is the one who is pure, the saint of Yiyin is the one who is appointed, and the saint of Liuxia is also It is also the time when the sage Confucius was the sage. ?Shengshi? He highly praised the enduring thought and ideas of the sage Confucius, and he was a sage suitable for the times.
When the emperor came to Qufu to pay homage to Confucius, he had to perform "three kneels and nine kowtows" and walk through the Holy Hour Gate. In previous dynasties, Yan Shengggong opened the "Holy Hour Gate" when he was born. Except for these two situations, this gate is not easily opened. Everyone walked quickly to the door and raised the door high.
Kuaifenmen means to take a sneak peek. That is to say, the knowledge of the sage Confucius? The Five Classics and Four Books? Whoever learns first will be educated first, and whoever learns first will have knowledge first. They compete to learn, and they are happy to see first and read first.
Raise your head high. It is named after a passage by Yan Hui praising the sage Confucius. Yan Hui said, the master's way is to look up to the sky and get it strong. Praising the sage Confucius, his knowledge cannot reach the highest level, which is called "Mi Gao". It is difficult to understand classical Chinese when he learns it, which is called "Mi Jian". The height is not unattainable. It can be learned through hard work. Yan Hui said, "The master is following the rules and is good at tempting people. He teaches me with words and speaks with etiquette." ?My teacher is kind and gentle, teaches me culture and treats me with etiquette.
Han Shi people. There are two Han stone figures with high historical value in the pavilion in Yanggao Gate. One is the "Pavilion Chief" (a small local official in the Han Dynasty), and the other is a soldier of the palace gate. They are both guards in front of the tomb of King Lu. Stone figures have been valued by epigraphers of all ages and are of great value to the study of clothing and writing in the Han Dynasty.
The Confucius Mansion is an example of the combination of a government office and a residence, as well as a garden and a residence.
To the east of the Confucius Temple is the Confucius Mansion, which is the hereditary residence of the eldest grandson of the saint Confucius. It was first built in the Song Dynasty and has been continuously expanded through the generations to form its current scale. It covers an area of ??more than 200 acres and has more than 480 houses. The government office and residence were built together. It was a typical feudal noble manor. The government office lobby was used to receive imperial decrees issued by the emperor or handle family affairs. There is a garden in the backyard of the Confucius Mansion. It is elegant and fresh, with a unique layout. It can be called a masterpiece of gardening and an example of the combination of garden and house. The Confucius Mansion contains a large number of historical archives, cultural relics handed down from ancient times, clothing and utensils from past dynasties, etc., all of which are extremely precious.
Konglin is the oldest and best-preserved family cemetery
Konglin is also known as the Holy Forest. It is located outside the north gate of Qufu City, covering an area of ??3,000 acres and is surrounded by bricks. The forest wall is 14 miles long and is the family cemetery of the sage Confucius and his descendants. There are roads lined with cypresses and cypresses in Konglin. To enter Konglin, you have to pass through a 1,200-meter tomb passage, then pass through the stone archway, stone bridge, and corridor to reach the tomb of the sage Confucius. The tomb of the sage Confucius is 6 meters high. To the east of the tomb are the tombs of Kong Li, the son of the sage Confucius, and his grandson Kong Ji. In the Confucius Forest, some tombs still have carved stone figures, figures, and beasts. These are all set according to the rank of the people in the tombs who were ennobled at that time. The entire Konglin Temple lasted for 2,500 years and contained more than 100,000 tombs. It has lasted for a long time, has many model burials, and is well preserved, which is rare in the world.
Confucius Temple Tour Guide (2)
Ladies! Gentlemen!
Hello everyone! My name is Ren Yiming, and I am your tour guide. Today, I will lead you to visit the "Three Confucius": Confucius Mansion, Confucius Temple, and Confucius Forest.
The sage Confucius once said: "How wonderful it is to have friends from far away. I am honored to serve as a tour guide, and I am very happy." I will try my best to serve you. If there are any shortcomings, please criticize and correct them.
Before visiting San Kong, please allow me to introduce Qufu. Qufu is located at the junction of Shandong Zhong Community and the southwestern Shandong Plain. The great poet Li Bai once described Qufu: "Smiling and praising old friends refers to the desperate situation, the mountains and waters are as green as orchids". Now we visit the Confucius Temple. The Confucius Temple is located in the center of Qufu City. It is a charming building built by ancient people to commemorate the great thoughts and broad spiritual qualities of Confucius, a sage who lived several years ago. There are nine courtyards in the front and back, covering an area of ??327.5 acres and 1 kilometer long from north to south. There are 466 buildings and 54 gates in the temple. In addition, there are more than 1,700 ancient trees in the temple, one by one reaching into the sky. I heard who dared to cut them down at that time. If one tree falls, it will be decapitated. The name of every tree and door contains the thoughts of the sage Confucius.
The Confucius Mansion is adjacent to the Confucius Temple. It is the residence of the eldest son and grandson of the saint Confucius. It has a three-way layout and nine courtyards. There are 463 buildings in total, plus the back garden, covering an area of ????*** 240 acres. Kong Mansion, also known as "Yanshenggong Mansion".
"Yan Sheng" means that "Holy Way" and "Holy Descendants" can reproduce and continue.
Entering the gate of Confucius Mansion, from there, the Confucius Mansion is divided into three roads, and a Guantang is built on the east road. , Mu'en Hall, Confucius Family Temple, etc.; the West Road is where the Confucius Mansion received distinguished guests and studied and practiced etiquette, including Hongcaixuan, Zhongshu Hall, Anhuai Hall, Flower Hall, etc.; the Middle Road is the main building of the Confucius Mansion, the first half of which It is an official office, and the second half is an inner residence.
Konglin is a dedicated cemetery for the family of the saint Confucius. It is also the longest and largest family cemetery in the world. It covers an area of ??more than 3,000 acres. The surrounding walls are 3 meters high, 1.5 meters thick and 14.5 miles long. There are more than 100,000 trees and hundreds of species of plants in the forest. Nestled among thousands of trees, there are numerous steles and stone statues, which is very spectacular.
Now you have 3 hours of free time. You can visit San Kong on your own, and you can also engage in games, picnics and other activities, but hygiene must be ensured.
The visit to the Three Holes is over here,