First of all, Li Zicheng's personal ability is not as good as that of Liu Bang and Zhu Yuanzhang, but this is not the main reason. The most important thing is that the social environment is different. When Liu Bang opposed Qin, the society had just walked out of the Warring States Period for more than ten years, and Qin did not establish a standing army, but still adopted the military service system. There were a large number of people who had received military training.

Liu Bang and his initial team, who lived in the Warring States when they were young, all participated in the war, knew the basic knowledge of war and how to fight, so they were able to quickly pull up a fighting force after the uprising.

after the occupation of Qin, there are a large number of local grassroots officers who can be recruited, so the army can be rebuilt quickly every time it fails. Finally, it overwhelmed the Chu army, which relied on a small number of aristocratic warriors as the core of operations, and finally captured the world.

On the other hand, in Li Zicheng, before the peasant uprising in the late Ming Dynasty, there was no war in the mainland for more than a hundred years, which can be said to be a peaceful place, while in the Ming Dynasty, people worshiped the martial arts. There is no Yong ying, no Baojia, no martial arts club like Bow and Arrow Club, and the military is very weak. Therefore, in the early days of the uprising in the late Ming Dynasty, we can see that government troops often suppressed the rebellion like chopping melons and vegetables.

totally different from the past, the social atmosphere in the late Ming dynasty was so unruly about martial arts that most of the books on military affairs and firearms written by literati were completely whimsical and completely divorced from the real war. Almost no ordinary people had received systematic military training, and no one had seen the army and the war. It was impossible to know how to organize the army, train soldiers and direct operations.

Li Zicheng himself and his team had limited ability to fight, and it was not surprising that they were finally defeated by the Qing soldiers.

Extended information:

The rapid rise of Li Zicheng is also a trouble. In 1641, Li Zicheng was beaten to the ground by Sun Chuanting, one of the famous handsome men in the Ming Dynasty. However, three years later, he entered Beijing.

He was inherently unstable, although he established the so-called Dashun. But the real control areas of this regime are Shaanxi and Shanxi, and Shandong, Hebei and Henan also belong to Dashun in name, but in fact these areas are in anarchy.

even in Shanxi and Shaanxi, Li Zicheng's rule is unstable. Because he didn't have the ability to rule the place within his own group, Li Zicheng had to appoint the original Ming officials to continue to rule the place.

These people had no choice but to surrender to Li Zicheng. Once Li Zicheng made any mistakes, they would immediately stab Li Zicheng in the back. After Li Zicheng's defeat in Shanhaiguan, the Ming Dynasty generals in Shanxi immediately rebelled.

Baidu encyclopedia-Li Zicheng