In addition to accurate examination of questions, novel ideas, and exquisite conception, a successful work in the college entrance examination is also crucial for language skills. The language that is both elegant and beautiful is like flowing water, melodious and melodious; like the sound of a flute on a moonlit night, melodious; like an iron horse and an iron horse, sonorous; like a high gorge emerging from a lake, majestic and impressive... It can be seen that the language is brilliant and has the ability to expand the scenery and express emotions. It has the wonderful effect of moisturizing and edifying.
1. Relying on imagination to balance virtuality and reality
Alternating virtuality and reality means relying on association and imagination on the basis of real writing. , expand the space of thinking, complement each other and complement each other. For example, a detailed description in Sun Li's "Lotus Lake" uses the method of alternating virtual and real, and the writing is both interesting and rational. "The woman's fingers vibrated, thinking that Wei Meizi had cut her hand. She put a finger in her mouth and sucked it." Here, the first clause actually writes what is seen, the second clause describes what is thought, and then the subtle movements glimpsed are written realistically. Thus, the complex mood of the Shui Sheng sister-in-law who wants to speak but hesitates, wants to show but also hides is vividly written. Another example is Li Jianwu's "Climbing Mount Tai in the Rain". The scene description of Mount Tai pine is exactly based on the order and structure of "virtual + real + virtual + real + virtual + virtual", which vividly reproduces the scene of Taishan pine taking root on the cliff. A head-high attitude. This kind of writing method that alternates between virtual and real, full of form and spirit, gives readers endless thinking. The reason why the description is so complete in form and spirit is that it benefits from rich imagination. Therefore, in the review guidance for college entrance examination essays, classic essays should be used as a guide to analyze the language phenomenon of virtuality and reality, so that students can not only gain insight into the vivid images in the description, but also have a glimpse of the consistent charm of the description.
2. The alternate use of regular sentences and modified sentences
Although the use of regular sentences seems orderly, sometimes it It is difficult to form a flow of water or a winding path leading to a quiet place. Therefore, the two sentence patterns are used alternately, which can make the language like a big string and a heavy rain, and also make the language like a small string and whisper; it has the leisurely flow of clouds and flowing water, and the open-mindedness of a powerful and unconstrained style. Modified sentences mainly include adverbial postpositions, attributive postpositions, predicate prepositions, object prepositions, and the word order inversion of partial sentences and main sentences in partial relative complex sentences. The rhetorical function of variant sentences is to highlight the variant part and form a preconceived psychological effect. For example, Zhu Ziqing's "Moonlight over the Lotus Pond": "On a moonless night, the road is eerie and a bit scary. It's very nice tonight, although the moonlight is still faint." Here "Although the moonlight is still faint" is used as a bias The postposition of the partial sentence in the transition complex sentence is to emphasize the main sentence "Tonight is particularly good." The change of sentence patterns has the effect of emphasizing the expression of subjective feelings, which not only forms a strong contrast with the above, but also expresses the psychological state of blending emotions with the scene.
Another example, there is this sentence in Lu Xun's "In Memory of Liu Hezhenjun": "However, in such a difficult life, she was the one who resolutely booked "The Wilderness" for the whole year." If our students are allowed to If you were to write it, you might write "She resolutely booked "The Wilderness" for the whole year." This expression lacks at least the following information: In addition to Liu Hezhen, there are other young people who have ordered "Wild Land". Apart from this, it cannot be emphasized that "she" is Liu Hezhen. The original text perfectly solves these two problems by placing the pronoun or noun phrase referring to the person in the position of the object. Therefore, in the college entrance examination composition guidance, students are asked to clarify the differences between regular sentences and modified sentences, and do some rewriting exercises appropriately, in order to master and hone language skills in the comparison.
3. Use rhetoric to add color to language
The first element of literature is language. "Shape is in words" (Zheng Xuan's "Preface to Poetry"). The emotions of literary works are attached to certain language forms. Although college entrance examination compositions are not all literary works, they reflect the author's unique thinking mode and unique aesthetic experience of life emotions to a certain extent. Therefore, the function of language is to express emotions. The clever use of rhetoric can not only add color to the language, but also make the language more social and humane.
1. The combined use of hypothetical parallelism and rhetorical questions
The combined use of hypothetical parallelism and rhetorical questions is majestic and shocking.
For example, a candidate said in the article "Success":
How could Stephen Hawking, the world-famous "King of the Universe", have not endured physical and mental pain? A Brief History of Time? Sima Qian was in prison. If he couldn't bear the pain caused by coolness, how could he write "a historian's swan song, a rhymeless lisao"? How could Edison become a world-famous inventor if he did not have the spirit of "treating more than a thousand failures as finding that more than a thousand materials are not suitable for making filaments"?
When giving examples and arguments, the author uses both parallelism and rhetorical questions. His momentum is like waves crashing on the shore, and his words are like beads falling on a jade plate, thus forming irrefutable logical power.
2. The use of famous aphorisms
Famous aphorisms are the refined essence of language. Properly used, it can make the writing shine. For example, in the exam preparation essay "Praise for the Second Crab Eater", the article reads:
Yu Dafu said in "Recalling Lu Xun": "A nation without great figures is a pitiful creature in the world. A country that has great figures but does not support, love, or revere them is a slave city without hope. "We can also say that the first people to eat crabs are those who have made achievements in their careers, and the first people to eat crabs are those who have made achievements in their careers. The second, third and tens of thousands of people who eat crabs are all unsung heroes who support and love the first big man. They mean the prosperity of the country and the hope of the nation...
Worth it It should be noted that while the author was quoting, he had new insights and derived his own "famous quotes", thereby expressing profound thoughts and vivid emotions.
3. The magical function of the thimble
The thimble is also called "Lianzhu". The use of lianzhu connects the beginning and end of the sentences and interlocks them. For example, Lu Xun's "The True Story of Ah Q": "He won again and again, and the copper coins turned into oceans, and the oceans became oceans, and the oceans became stacks." The three types of coins are arranged in order, and the value of the concept is one. Bigger than one, the meaning is layer by layer, ironically describing Ah Q's momentary "superiority".
The use of rhetorical techniques is unique. It not only beautifies language, but also deepens meaning.
"The beauty of application lies in one intention." Once the source of composition language is dredged, it will say goodbye to the embarrassment of "the ice spring is cold and astringent, and the strings are condensed", and then enter the "silver bottle is broken and water slurry bursts out" The posture of the pen will not be dull and stagnant, but will only be gurgling.
Zhang Jinghua, teacher, currently lives in Tongzhou, Jiangsu.