1. Confucius said: "As long as parents are present, if you do not travel far away, you must travel in a suitable way." - "The Analects of Confucius Li Ren"

It is the unshirkable responsibility of children to serve their parents. Therefore, Confucius taught people that when their parents are alive, children should not travel far away easily, so that they can stay with their parents and fulfill their filial piety. If you have to go far away, you must first settle down with your parents, and be sure to tell them your exact whereabouts.

2. Do your duty without giving in to the teacher. ——"The Analects of Confucius·Wei Linggong"

When faced with benevolence and righteousness, even the teacher does not need to be humble to him. What should be done, such as elucidating benevolence and righteousness, defending truth, and upholding justice, must be done actively and proactively, and must not be shied away from.

3. A gentleman is magnanimous, but a villain is always worried. ——"The Analects of Confucius·Shu Er"

A gentleman's heart is flat and broad, but a villain is often cramped and worried. A gentleman is open-minded, content with poverty, be kind to others, and always content with his content, so he can be magnanimous. Villains have too many desires, worry about gains and losses, are worried, blame others, and feel uneasy, so they often feel sad.

4. A gentleman has three warnings: when he is young, his blood energy is not stable, and the warning lies in his appearance; when he is strong, his blood energy is strong, and his warning lies in fighting; when he is old, his blood energy has declined, and his warning lies in fighting. have to. ——"The Analects of Confucius·Ji Shi"

There are three things in a gentleman's life that he should be vigilant about: when he is young, his muscles and bones are growing, his qi and blood have not yet been finalized, and he must be vigilant about issues between men and women.

When you are in your prime of life, when your physical strength and energy are strong, you must be wary of unprincipled disputes and fights; when you are old, when your physical strength and energy are weak, you must be wary of greed.

5. People who have no faith do not know what is possible. ——"The Analects of Confucius·Wei Zheng"

If a person is not trustworthy, I don't know what he should do. Confucius believed that if a person is not trustworthy, he will not be able to move forward. From today's perspective, the same is true for a company, a nation, and a country.

Extended information:

Main achievements of Confucius:

Confucius constructed a complete ideological system of "morality": advocating "benevolence and propriety" at the individual level of virtue and virtue. [28] The ideological system of morality and Taoism is based on the theory of human nature and goodness ("one yin and one yang are called Tao, and what follows is goodness, and what is completed is nature").

With the purpose of establishing the human pole ("the way of the three poles"), and with the idea that the way of humanity, the way of heaven, and the way of earth are connected, the moderation of humanity will turn into a complete ideological system of methodology in due course. Confucius' theory of benevolence embodies the spirit of humanity, while Confucius' theory of etiquette embodies the spirit of etiquette, that is, order and system in the modern sense.

1. Political Thought

The core content of Confucius’ political thought is “propriety” and “benevolence”. In terms of the strategy of governing the country, he advocated “governing with virtue” and using morality. Governing a country with ethics and ethics is the noblest way to govern a country. This kind of governance strategy is also called "Government by virtue" or "Government by etiquette".

Confucius lived in the State of Lu in the Western Zhou Dynasty, which had a deep tradition of patriarchal rituals. At this time, the ruling power of the Zhou Dynasty had ceased to exist in name only, and the princes were constantly fighting each other. There was a situation where "the king mourned, etiquette and justice were abolished, and political power was lost. The social reality of "the family is different from the customs" and "the king is not the king, the minister is not the minister, the father is not the father, the son is not the son" became the characteristics of that era.

Confucius’ highest political ideal is to establish a harmonious society in which “the world is for the common good”. The basic characteristics of the "Datong" society are: the road is smooth and "the world is for the common good", so it can "select the talented and capable, be trustworthy and cultivate harmony", "people do not only love their relatives, and do not only have children." This is an idealization The legendary primitive social scene of the Yao and Shun era is also the highest ideal society that Confucius longed for.

2. Economic Thoughts

The most important thing about Confucius’ economic thoughts is to value justice over profit. The concept of justice and benefit and the idea of ??"enriching the people" are also the main contents of Confucian economic thought and have a great influence on later generations.

What Confucius called "righteousness" is a kind of society. In moral standards, "profit" refers to people's pursuit of material interests. In the relationship between "righteousness" and "profit", Confucius puts "righteousness" in the first place.

3. Educational Thought< /p>

Confucius was the first person in Chinese history to propose that people have similar innate qualities and that differences in personality are mainly due to the influence of acquired education and social environment. Therefore, everyone can receive education and everyone should receive education. "Teaching without distinction", founded private schools, and recruited students widely, breaking the monopoly of school education by slave-owning aristocrats, expanding the scope of education to common people, and conforming to the trend of social development at that time.

In terms of teaching methods, Confucius required teachers to have an educational outlook of "teaching without distinction", "economicalizing the country and benefiting the world", a methodology of "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude", and a "heuristic" methodology, and focusing on children's enlightenment and enlightenment education. He educates students to have an honest attitude towards learning, to be modest and eager to learn, and to review frequently so that they can "review the past and learn the new", expand and deepen new knowledge, and "draw inferences from one example".

Baidu Encyclopedia—"The Analects of Confucius"