Original poem:
Song Dynasty: Wen Tianxiang
Once the effort comes, there will be fewer stars around.
The mountains and rivers are broken and the wind is floating, and life experiences are ups and downs.
The beach of fear says fear, and there is a sigh in the ocean.
Who hasn't died since ancient times? Take the heart of Dan and follow history.
Explanation:
Looking back, I experienced a lot of hardships when I entered the imperial examination in my early years, and now it has been four years since the end of the war.
The country is in peril like catkins in a strong wind, and life is ups and downs like rootless duckweeds drifting in the rain.
I'm still afraid of the fiasco at Fear Beach. It's a pity that I'm alone in Yuan Lu.
Who can live forever since ancient times? I want to leave a patriotic heart that reflects history.
Precautions:
1, zero: zero is "Yang". Now it is outside the Pearl River Estuary in Guangdong Province. 1at the end of 278, Wen Tianxiang led an army to fight fiercely with the Yuan Army in Wupoling, Guangdong, and was defeated and captured. He was once imprisoned on a ship.
2, encounter: encounter. Since then, because he was proficient in a Confucian classic and passed the imperial examination, he was used as an official by the court. At the age of twenty, Wen Tianxiang won the first prize.
3. Battle: refers to the war against Yuan. Liáo waterfall: desolate and cold. One is "falling". Four stars: the fourth anniversary. Wen Tianxiang fought Yuan from 1275 and was captured from 1278 for four years.
4, catkin: catkin.
5. Ping: Duckweed.
6. Fear Beach: In today's wanan county, Jiangxi Province, it is a dangerous beach in the Ganjiang River. 1277, Wen Tianxiang was defeated by the Yuan Army in Jiangxi, with heavy casualties, and his wife and children were also captured by the Yuan Army. He retreated to Fujian through the beach of fear.
7. Odd: Lonely and helpless.
8. Dan Xin: Red heart, which means loyalty.
9, history: the same sweat bamboo, history. In ancient times, bamboo slips were used to write, which was first dried with fire. After drying, it was easy to write, and it was not moth-eaten. It was also called history books.
About the author:
Wen Tianxiang (1236-1282) was born in Luling, Jizhou (now Ji 'an, Jiangxi).
Extended data:
This poem was found in Wen Tianxiang's Complete Works of Mr. Wenshan, and the time was 1279 (the second year of Song Xiangxing). In A.D. 1278 (the first year of Song Xiangxing), Wen Tianxiang was defeated and captured in Wupoling, Haifeng, Guangdong, and was taken aboard. I wrote this poem when I was passing through Lingdingyang the following year. Later, he was escorted to the cliff mountain, and Zhang Hongfan forced him to write a letter to make Zhang Shijie, Lu Xiufu and others who stood on the cliff mountain surrender. Wen Tianxiang refused to accept this poem and showed his ambition.
This poem is full of sadness, lamenting both the national luck and itself, exaggerating the hatred and suffering of the country to the extreme. However, the last sentence turned from sadness to strength, from depression to excitement. Generated and wrote a poem "Who has never died in life since ancient times, leaving a heart in the history", which was impassioned. hit the floor, with his majestic momentum and sonorous tone, expressed the poet's national integrity and outlook on life and death.
"Dan Xin" refers to a burning heart. Generally speaking, "loyal heart" is used to describe a person who is loyal to his country.
"History" refers to historical classics. In ancient times before the invention of paper, military events could only be recorded on bamboo slips; However, the water in bamboo slips must be evaporated with torches first, which is convenient for carving and can prevent insects from eating; Based on this, later generations collectively refer to ancient books that record history as "history books".
The meaning of these two poems is, "Who has never died in life since ancient times? Take the heart of Dan and shine on history ",which means that people will inevitably die through the ages, and dying to save the motherland will go down in history forever."
Yue Fei, Wen Tianxiang and Shi Kefa are all martyrs who are willing to give their lives and shed their blood for the country and people. Their heroic feelings are consistent with the poetry of these two poems. Who wrote these two poems?
At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, Wen Tianxiang was captured by the Yuan Army after the defeat in Guangdong, and was taken to the north to be imprisoned. On the way through Lingdingyang, I wrote the poem "Crossing Lingdingyang", expressing the anguish of the country's ruin and death. It expresses the author's patriotic feelings, embodies his moral integrity and outlook on life, and fully embodies his national spirit.
Since then, Wen Tianxiang has never been moved by any threats and inducements, and has gone to justice generously!