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The New York Sun was published on September 3rd, 1833, edited by Benjamin Day, and its slogan was: "Shine for Al.
L). The morning edition and the night edition are implemented in 1887. The New York Sun is the first commercial newspaper and the first "convenience newspaper" in the United States. The retail price of The New York Sun is a penny or a penny, so it is called a "casual newspaper". Because of its success and pioneering role, Bennett's New York Herald and new york Tribune are called the three tabloids in the history of American journalism. The New York Sun has trained a large number of well-known journalists and editors, including: Will Owen-1906, and published a masterpiece "City No More" describing the destruction of San Francisco by the earthquake and fire; Karl V Van Anda-later became the most famous editor-in-chief in The New York Times; Charies Anderson Dana-once the director of the metropolitan news department of The Sun, the famous saying "Dog bites dog is not news, but man bites dog is news" comes from this public; Charlie Dana, former editor-in-chief of The Sun, has made great contributions to news theory. He thinks news is a magical thing, and anything that can make a woman shout "Oh, my God" can become news. George wisner is a successful reporter of The New York Sun. He has a profound literary background, unique insights and perspectives, and a particularly attractive writing style, which attracts readers of different levels and fields.
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1833, a poor boy with unsatisfactory life stepped onto the big stage of newspaper development-Benjamin Day, who had been an apprentice in Springfield and Massachusetts Party newspaper, had certain newspaper production experience and made important contributions to the revolution of human newspapers. 183 1 year, Benjamin Day came to new york, the largest commercial city in the United States, and founded a printing factory. 1833, in order to save his declining sporadic printing business, Benjamin Day finally founded the New York Sun on September 3rd. Newspapers are for ordinary people. Not only is the price low, but the content is also close to ordinary people, and the style of writing has also changed a lot. The New York Sun has changed hands several times. 1838 founder Dai transferred it to his brother-in-law Moses Yale beach for $40,000. After the struggle of the Beechcraft family, the sun in new york thrives. 1868, the famous newspaper Charles Dana took over, and after 29 years as editor-in-chief, the newspaper made great achievements again. 130000 copies were published in 1876. After Dana, The New York Sun changed hands several times. 19 16, Frank Muncie merged two other newspapers with the Evening Sun into the New York News, the morning edition of the New York Sun and Muncie's New York Herald into the Sun and the Herald. However, in 1920, Mansi split it up again, stopped publishing Sun Evening News, and reformed Sun Evening News into an evening newspaper style. This newspaper continued to be published until 1950 1.4, and was merged with new york World Telegraph, and revised into the new new york World Telegraph-The Sun. 1966, the newspaper became a part of Tribune new york World Journal. In 2002, the new New York Sun was published, but it was not related to the early Sun of the leisure newspaper. On September 30, 2008, The New York Sun, which was founded six years ago, was closed after its last issue due to serious losses.
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As Benjamin H Day said, newspapers are for ordinary people. Newspapers are not only cheap, but also have great changes in style. The New York Sun initiated the tabloid era. The content of leisure newspaper is oriented to the middle and lower classes of society, with the general public as the main readers, and strives to cater to the tastes of the public, highlighting the human touch and strangeness. As long as the public likes it, it can become the content of the report. Flaunt "super-partisanship" in position and emphasize independence; In operation, enterprise management, commercial operation and advertising are the main sources of income; Formally, the text is short and popular, and the arrangement is lively and fancy. The biggest feature of The New York Sun lies in its commercial nature, and its audience is a wider public. The New York Sun swept away the lifeless and wordy style of party newspapers and magazines, and instead published a large number of social news with human feelings, local news of public concern and sensational shady news. This attracted a large number of readers for the newspaper. Therefore, the "dark period" of American party newspapers also ended with the rapid development of cheap papers.
The impact of editing this publication
First of all, it is the first successful tabloid, marking the birth of American business newspapers. The so-called "leisure newspaper" is also called "cheap papers" or "popular newspaper". Penny is an English translation of cents, and People's Daily is a newspaper that only sells for a penny, whereas all the newspapers in new york used to sell for about 6 cents. The main characteristics of newspapers are: cheap, popular, advertising and media. The essence of tabloids is that newspaper buyers no longer need to pay the full cost of newspapers. In this way, the newspaper changed the situation that only the rich could afford it, and made it the largest information dissemination medium at that time, which laid a solid foundation for the newspaper advertising industry later, which was also the key for the newspaper to obtain the maximum profit rate. 1In September, 983, Dai founded the first successful "leisure newspaper" in the United States-The New York Sun, which opened a historic transformation between cheap papers and mass newspapers. Although it is not the first cheap papers in American history, it is the first successful cheap papers, so this newspaper is regarded as the symbol of the birth of American commercial newspapers. Soon after its publication, The New York Sun set an astonishing sales volume. Four months after publication, the sales volume reached 5,000 copies, ranking first among all newspapers in new york. Its unprecedented circulation shocked the press. Because under the successful demonstration of The New York Sun, there are 12 newspapers in new york alone. The emergence of "leisure newspapers" has created a new situation in the American newspaper industry, and newspapers of all sizes have become popular one after another, so the American newspaper industry has flourished rapidly. By 19 10, there were 2,433 daily newspapers in the United States alone, and this peak record has never been broken. Today, there are about 9,000 newspapers in the United States, including about 1500 daily newspapers, about 250 daily newspapers with a circulation of over 50,000, and only 7 newspapers with a circulation of over 250,000. The New York Sun set a precedent for cheap papers, but it was a great success. Its birth is a revolutionary change in the history of western news communication. It has brought a series of new news concepts, new reporting methods and new management methods, which has had a far-reaching impact on the cause of news communication. It heralds the birth of the era of "mass media" and brings the development of journalism into a brand-new stage. Second, the improvement of its reporting method and content has created a new situation for the newspaper industry. The success of The New York Sun lies in its improved content. Its humanized reports, humane social news and lively writing were obviously more popular with the public than the boring party newspapers at that time. Secondly, the newspaper innovated its distribution mode and pioneered the way of street retailing, with a price of only 10 cents. And use discounts to stimulate the enthusiasm of newspaper vendors. So that newspapers have a wide range of communication channels. The cheap mass newspaper created by The New York Sun just meets the needs of ordinary people, who have the right to know and the need to know. Therefore, tabloids stand on the people's point of view and provide news content acceptable to the people. Therefore, the "dark period" of American party newspapers also ended with the rapid development of cheap papers. The success of The New York Sun is a turning point in the development of American newspaper industry, and it is also a turning point in the development of bourgeois newspapers to cheap papers. Since then, the development of newspapers has become more popular, civilian and humanized. It has created a new situation for the world newspaper industry. The New York Sun even put an advertisement on the front page for the first time. The Sun has gained a lot of advertising revenue from this. The increase in advertising revenue further strengthened the independence of The Sun. This not only shares the price of printed newspapers, but also can be sold to consumers at a low price, and also provides enough "strength" for commercial newspapers to flaunt their independence at this time. The New York Sun is a revolutionary change in the history of western news communication, which has brought a series of new news concepts: screening news from the perspective that people like to see and release news; New management mode: Let advertisements enter, on the one hand, reduce costs, so as to sell cheaply, on the other hand, increase economic income. It has had a far-reaching impact on the development of news communication. Thirdly, its success has created a new discipline-the relationship between the public and private newspapers is not a specific newspaper, but a management philosophy, and it has also created a new discipline-the relationship between the public and private newspapers. Most of the newspapers we see now are of this kind. For industrial and commercial enterprises, the germination of modern public-private relations appeared in the 1930s of 19, marked by the "newspaper propaganda movement" in the United States. At that time, with the prosperity of economy and the development of technology, the cause of mass communication also made great progress. 1833, The cheap papers was founded by the New York Sun, that is, you can buy a newspaper for a penny, and try your best to expand the subscribers by popular and cheap means, so as to be in a favorable position in the competition. This move of The New York Sun has been echoed by other newspapers, making newspapers affordable for many ordinary people, thus greatly increasing the circulation of newspapers and entering thousands of households. However, the reduction of newspaper prices has caused another result, that is, the advertising fees of newspapers and periodicals have risen sharply. At this time, in order to save advertising costs, some large companies hired a large number of professionals to create inflammatory news in newspapers and periodicals and publicize their products or services to expand their influence. In order to cater to the reading psychology of the lower class, some newspapers are also willing to publish such news, and the so-called "newspaper propaganda movement" has emerged. The public relations of news organizations are represented by Feniasz Taylor barnum. Barnum's creed is "All propaganda is good". Therefore, regardless of the public interest, he consciously weaves some unrealistic stories to make the public fall for it. The propaganda activities of newspapers are not really public-private relations, because they don't know the role of the public and take the public interest as the starting point. From the ideological point of view, this period is actually a period of anti-mass and anti-public relations. However, at that time, barnum and others used newspapers and other mass media to promote organizations, and there was a bud of modern public relations activities. Therefore, The New York Sun is successful in both economic value and social value-a success achieved by cheap. The birth and success of cheap tabloids are enormous and far-reaching. Looking at the market structure of our popular commercial newspapers today, they still maintain the "essence" of tabloids: low sales prices and news content that people like. These "idiomatic techniques", which are used to in today's popular newspapers, were formed more than 70 years ago at/kloc-0 and have been in use ever since. Although this is not the right time, the "essence" that runs through it has not changed: the basic concept, the operation mode and the influence remain unchanged. I was deeply attracted by the innovation, times and influence of The New York Sun. What we are emphasizing now is "emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts", which is fully reflected in this newspaper. It is precisely because these advanced and innovative things affect us that we can seek our own goals and social development on the road of scientific and technological innovation.