Mencius said: "No compassion, no shame, no humanity; It is inhuman to have no resignation; A heart without right and wrong is inhuman. Compassion is the purpose of benevolence; The heart of shame and evil, the end of righteousness; The words of the heart are the end of the ceremony; The heart of right and wrong is also the end of wisdom. Man has four ends, but he still has four bodies. 」

◎ Vernacular explanation: Mencius said, "If a person has no sympathy for pain, he can't be regarded as a person; Without shame and hatred, you can't be a person; A heart without humility and courtesy cannot be regarded as a person; Without the heart of right and wrong, good and evil, you can't be regarded as a person; Compassion for pain is the beginning of kindness; A heart of shame and hatred is the beginning of justice; Modesty is the beginning of courtesy, and the heart of distinguishing right from wrong, good and evil is the beginning of wisdom; A man has four ends of benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom, just as he has four limbs. 」