The safety management of construction projects is becoming an indispensable factor in the construction industry. The construction safety management is an important part of the management of construction enterprises and a comprehensive science. After years of experience accumulation, the author hereby expresses some humble opinions on the construction safety of building projects.
A, the role of safety management on construction quality
Safety is the premise of quality.
For most industries, quality and safety are often inseparable, and safety is the focus or main content of quality. It can even be said that quality is safety and safety is quality. In building engineering, the first condition of completion acceptance is to meet the structural safety requirements of the building, and then meet the use function of the building; Secondly, safety needs quality to ensure. Under unsafe conditions, the operator's mental stress and psychological pressure will inevitably affect his operation, which will inevitably endanger the product quality.
2. Safety management can strengthen quality awareness.
Quality control and safety management are both issues of consciousness. To improve product quality and safety production, the first task is to improve the quality awareness and safety awareness of employees, especially managers. Secondly, the overall characteristics of the two. In quality control, a basic requirement of total quality management is all staff. However, quite a few enterprises do not regard safety as their own life, and some enterprise managers even think that it doesn't matter if several people are killed or injured, just pay some money. With the development of society, people's value is increasingly prominent, and enterprises that ignore people's survival value will be punished.
3. Safety management is the guarantee of construction quality.
Generally speaking, for an engineering project, the project manager is the leader of the safety production team, the deputy project manager in charge of production is the deputy leader of the safety production team, and the specific work is completed by the safety officer, who is equipped according to the specific conditions of the project. The role of technical director in safety production is often diluted. Such as scheme selection of safety technical measures in bidding scheme, self-examination and joint examination of drawings, inspection of main raw materials, annual inspection (inspection) of measuring instruments, examination and approval of start-up (stop-up) report, preparation of construction scheme, preparation and implementation of network progress plan, various safety technical disclosure and project quality acceptance, etc. These are closely related to quality and safety management. The quality of engineering projects directly affects the quality of safe production. When the quality defects of building products (semi-finished products) are small, they belong to unqualified items or quality accidents. When the quality defects of unqualified items increase or accumulate to a certain extent, it will become a safety hazard and even lead to safety accidents.
Second, the construction safety management measures
1. Pay attention to the analysis of potential safety hazards
Usually, after the construction engineering drawings and town planning drawings are determined, the construction unit begins to prepare the construction organization design, but the safety construction is rarely mentioned or ignored in the design, which makes the hidden dangers of construction accidents buried from the beginning. Therefore, when compiling the construction organization design, it is necessary to make unified arrangements and overall arrangements for the entire production and operation area and workers' lives to avoid construction, design and installation. Need to solicit opinions from many parties, especially those who understand and manage safety.
2. Establish the responsibility system for production safety at all levels.
To grasp the safety management of construction, we must focus on the implementation of responsibilities, so as to establish a set of management system from the general manager of the company to the project manager, to the foreman, team leader, on-site security inspector and all employees, clarify responsibilities at different levels, and determine everyone's position in the work with institutional responsibilities.
3. Strengthen construction safety education
In view of the low level, low quality and audacity of the construction team, we must pay attention to the safety education and training before work or operation. Safety managers should take famous sayings and aphorisms, typical accidents, small experiences and common sense as special forms of safety education to infiltrate employees' daily work, study, life and entertainment, so that they can be subtly educated. According to local conditions, we should adopt educational forms such as movies, blackboard newspapers, on-site accident meetings, pre-shift disclosure, watching slides, and conducting safety knowledge competitions, which are easy to understand and loved by workers.
4. Actively adopt new technologies and equipment.
Increasing investment in safety management, updating safety facilities and actively adopting new technologies, materials and equipment should be effective measures to prevent construction accidents. Eliminate the track crane, bamboo springboard and other equipment and materials, and adopt jack-up crane and iron wood springboard, which has played a certain role in preventing lifting accidents and falling accidents. For dangerous operations, mechanization or automation is adopted to replace manual operation, so as to continuously improve the working environment conditions of employees and fundamentally reduce construction accidents.
Third, the construction safety control technical means
In order to prevent accidents or reduce accident losses, we should standardize scaffold erection, correct the practice of fixing scaffolding to building structure, set the first step to fix, correct and complete horizontal sweeping poles, completely close the interior of scaffolding, standardize the setting of vertical pole foundation, prohibit the use of illegal inferior pipes and inferior scaffolding, prevent the independent erection of unloading platforms, correctly guide the erection and use of new portal scaffolding in accordance with national building safety standards, and prohibit the mixing of steel pipes and bamboo; Eliminate bamboo scaffolding. Implement the use of instrumented and stereotyped protective articles, focusing on the use of instrumented and stereotyped protective doors at the elevator wellhead according to regulations; Pay attention to wearing safety helmet and safety belt when working high above the ground; Supervise and urge the use of qualified safety dense mesh vertical nets, horizontal nets, safety helmets and safety belts according to regulations.
Standardize the electricity consumption for site construction. Attach importance to TN-S system, ensure the use of neutral standby electrical equipment for special protection, attach importance to "three-level distribution secondary protection" and implement "one machine, one brake and one leakage box", attach importance to the standard setting of main distribution room, and attach importance to the parameter matching of leakage protection devices. We should keep the equipment in good condition and improve its service life and efficiency. Strengthen and standardize the civilized construction on site, pay attention to the propaganda of civilized construction consciousness, pay attention to the appearance, hardening, passage, material stacking, site cleaning after construction, drainage system and closed management of the site, and attach importance to and standardize living facilities.
Four. conclusion
In the process of organizing construction and production, in view of the present situation of safety production, the control of safety production must be "safety first, prevention first", always bear in mind safety and take safety control as its own work content. In the implementation of the project, it is necessary to formulate a reasonable construction safety management system and control measures in combination with the specific characteristics of the project, and pursue the best project quality on the premise of ensuring construction safety.
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