From Tao Yuanming's Return to the Garden Part I in Wei and Jin Dynasties.

Explanation:

When I was young, I didn't adapt to the secular character, and I naturally loved natural scenery.

Appreciate:

The so-called "custom and rhyme" is nothing more than the modality and skills that poets have never learned to cater to the secular, juggle and socialize and strive for opportunities. As a sincere and frank person, his nature seems to have something in common with simple countryside and quiet nature, so he loves Akiyama.

These two sentences reveal the author's lofty, aloof and detached personality. After seeing through the officialdom, he insisted on leaving, dissatisfied and desperate with the darkness of officialdom. It sets the tone for the whole poem, and it is also a foreshadowing, which is the fundamental reason why the poet finally resigned after entering the officialdom.

2. Looking at Noda from the front door alone, the flowers in the middle of the month are like snow.

From "Village Night" by Bai Juyi in Tang Dynasty

Explanation:

I came to the front door alone and looked at the fields in the distance. Buckwheat under the bright moon is as white as snow.

Appreciate:

Another picture that makes readers feel refreshed is unfolded: the bright moonlight shines on the endless buckwheat field, which looks bright and dazzling from a distance, like a crystal white snow. "The bright moon is in the sky, and buckwheat flowers are like snow", which is a very moving scenery. The picturesque beauty of nature infected the poet, which made him forget his loneliness for a while and could not help but exclaim.

This magnificent scene is in sharp contrast with the description in the first two sentences. Poets skillfully use the transformation of natural scenery to write the emotional changes of characters, which are flexible and free without traces; And simple and natural, it is kind and touching to read and memorable.

Seagulls hover under the sand, and egrets fly on the wide beach. Who knows that I am looking for Fan Li's heart? He can forget the worldly wisdom.

Talking from Wennan crossing Lizhou in Tang Dynasty

Explanation:

The vast sand grass scattered from the gulls everywhere, and the lonely heron spread its wings and flew over the boundless river fields. Who can float freely on the vast rivers and lakes in a small wooden boat like Fan Li?

Appreciate:

The ship crossed the beach and dispersed flocks of seagulls in the grass; Looking back at the shore, an egret is flying freely in the boundless river. The clever use of quantifiers in this couplet not only stabilizes the work, but also deepens the poetic realm. Flocks of seagulls perched on the sand and grass, showing that it was getting late, the birds returned to their nests, and only a heron flew over the endless river fields.

This brightly colored painting strongly shows the clarity and tranquility of the river. The previous triple depicts a quiet and energetic map of Lizhou Nandu. As a passionate and exhausted poet, he can't help feeling a lot and daydreaming again and again. As a result, the end-to-end alliance unexpectedly raised the desire to learn from Fan Li, go forward bravely and travel in the rivers and lakes. The implication of these two sentences is that you will be indifferent to the world and forget your ambition, and no one can pay attention to it.

4, rice fragrance said a bumper harvest. Listen to the frogs.

From Song Xin Qiji's "Walking the Yellow Sand Road on the Xijiang Moonlight"

Explanation:

In the fragrance of rice flowers, people are talking about the harvest year, and there are bursts of frogs in their ears.

Appreciate:

People's attention shifted from the sky to the fields, indicating that the poet was not only infiltrated by the soft smell on the yellow sand road at night, but also paid attention to the fragrant rice flowers all over the village, and was associated with the upcoming harvest scene by the fragrant rice flowers.

Here and now, the joy of the poet breathing with the people is beyond words. The "fragrance" of the rice flower fragrance is of course a description of the blooming of the rice flower fragrance and an expression of the sweet feeling in the poet's heart. In the poet's feeling, he heard frogs clamoring in unison in the rice fields and quarreling over the harvest. First, the content of "saying" is given, and then the source of "sound" is filled in, saying that frogs everywhere in the harvest year are the creation of poets.

It simply describes the scenery of the mountain road and the mood of the poet at that time, but its core is the summer night full of harvest years. Therefore, this is not so much a summer scene as the happiness that the current summer scene will bring to people.

5. I learned it from Confucian scholars for three winters, and thousands of couples in Qian Qian also learned it from their parents. Literacy is roughly equivalent to paying tribute, so you don't have to work hard for your officials.

Lu You's "Guan Cun Tong Xi Shang" in Song Dynasty

Explanation:

I studied with my teacher for three months in winter and went home to work with my father and brother in busy farming season. Literacy can barely cope with taxes and labor, and you don't need to study hard to envy princes and nobles.

Appreciate:

From the near to the far, from the real to the virtual, stretching the perspective of time and space to the far, the reader sees another picture: the children in the village follow their fathers and brothers in the busy farming season and experience the hardships of farming and the truth of life in the spring harvest season; In his spare time in winter, he went to school and studied literature and ink. This way of life is exactly what poets who have just experienced the desolation of officialdom admire.

The couplets mentioned the real scene of the Song Dynasty at that time: farmers studied with poor scholars in the village in their leisure time in winter, but this is only a very basic thing to learn, so as not to be deceived when making contracts and making guarantees.

This poem is Lu You's life experience after leaving office, and it is a portrayal of his aversion to officialdom and his pursuit of clarity. However, the word "view" in the poem title unconsciously reveals the true state of mind. The "view" here means to look and see, but it is not completely integrated into it. The special status of a scholar-bureaucrat who is integrated with the villagers determines that Lu You can look at rural life from an aesthetic perspective, but he may not really be able to practice it.