A bright moon flew into the sky.

Therefore, the Lantern Festival is round and the moon cakes are round.

Twelve months is full.

So, the cosmetic mirror opened.

Beautiful images flow in the river.

As a result, many poets drink and write poems under the moon.

Many ethnic groups are singing and dancing under the moon.

So, the moon smiles in many small yards.

Laugh at many pavilions

Standing in front of the background of laughter

Standing in front of the background of the fire tree silver flower

Pick up a glass of mellow wine

Facing the bright moon, I think

The moon belongs to China people.

China's mind is on the moon.

First, "Today's people don't see Gu Yue, but this month they took photos of the ancients"-the moon and history.

The moon is the cosmic spirit in China's mind. "Historical Records Biography of Celestial Officials" says: "The moon is the yin of heaven and earth, and the god of gold is also." The ancients used the five elements "gold, wood, water, fire and earth" to explain the four seasons. Spring belongs to wood, summer belongs to fire, the turn of summer and autumn belongs to earth, autumn belongs to gold, and winter belongs to water. The moon in autumn is the brightest and clearest, so it is the "golden god". Ancient emperors worshipped the sun in spring and the moon in autumn. Worship the sun and worship the moon in the evening.

People worship and fear the moon in life, but in literary works, they describe and chant the moon a lot. Take Li Bai as an example. Of the more than 900 poems handed down, more than 320 are related to the moon. It can be said that since the Tang and Song Dynasties, there has not been a famous poet or poet who has not written a hymn for the moon.

Why did the ancients have a soft spot for the moon? There are four general reasons: first, because the moon is the closest celestial body to human beings, people pay great attention to it; Second, the moon's regular shape changes (first quarter moon, second quarter moon, moon loss, full moon, eclipse, halo and so on. ) Attractive curiosity; Third, the moonlight is clear and elegant, which conforms to the kind, peaceful, gentle and implicit character of China people; Fourth, ancient literati often left their homes and struggled for fame and fortune or livelihood, so they especially yearned for "round" things, so they expressed their feelings on the moon. So there are more poems about the moon.

Second, "I wonder who will fall in Qiu Si tonight"-the moon and human feelings?

Because the moon is eternal, beautiful and close at hand, ancient poets always put their feelings on it, thus giving birth to many touching poems, among which homesickness, affection, friendship, love and leisure are vivid and interesting. Here are a few examples.

Nostalgia:

The foot of my bed is shining so brightly,

Is there frost already? .

Looking up, I found it was moonlight.

I sank again and suddenly remembered home.

(Li Bai: "Silent Night Thinking")

This poem is familiar to all the children and friends in the audience. This poem is very popular! However, the poem's "feelings on the journey, though explained, are endless" (Shen Deqian: A Collection of Poems of Tang and Song Dynasties). Therefore, if we really want to understand this poem, we should contact Li Bai's personality to understand it. Since childhood, Li Bai has been romantic and unrestrained: "Fifteen Good Swordsmanship", "Swordsmanship is Ren Xia", and the teenager went out to Sichuan, "Fighting for serving the country with swords" and "following the unchanging habit of my life", as if he were a real wanderer, traveling all over the world and making the world his home. However, Li Bai is also an extremely humble and sincere person. In this "quiet night", in the days when he was far away from his hometown and parents for a long time, in the chance that he wandered around the world but accomplished nothing, and at the moment when he was lying in bed alone, he thought of his hometown and his roots through a bright moon, and he "lowered" his head "Oh, how can I seriously bow and scrape to a person with high power"! Ah, pure Li Bai, his hometown will always be in his heart!

Feelings:

In Fuzhou, far away, she is looking at the moonlight, looking at it alone from the window of her room.

For our boys and girls, poor little baby, too young to know where the capital is.

Her cloudy hair is sweet with mist, and her jade-white shoulders are cold in the moonlight.

When can we lie on the screen again and look at the bright light and stop crying? .

(Du Fu: Moonlit Night)

This poem was written in August of the 15th year of Tianbao (756). In June of that year, An Lushan rebelled and was defeated in Lintong, and Xuanzong fled to Shu. In July, Su Zong succeeded to the throne. Du Fu, who took refuge with his family, left his home in Yinzhou (now Fuxian County, Shaanxi Province) and went to Su Zongxing in Lingwu, Gansu Province for "protection". Unfortunately, he was taken to Chang 'an by rebels on the way. This poem was written by Du Fu, a prisoner, who looked at the moon in Chang 'an and missed his loved ones. It shows the feelings of leaving people in social unrest, and Du Fu can express this feeling with his excellent poems. In fact, in ordinary years, in thousands of families in Qian Qian and in Qian Qian, it is absolutely impossible to express the homesickness of ordinary people under the moon with poetry. Seeing people on the moon is the same as seeing injuries on the moon.

Love:

The bright moon is slowly becoming round at sea, and we share this moment from far away.

People who love hate long nights and sleepless nights and miss their loved ones.

Put out the candle to love this moonlit room, and I wander in the deep night dew in my clothes.

You can't have beautiful moonlight, just want to meet you in your dreams.

(Zhang Jiuling: Full Moon Philip Burkart)

At the beginning of this poem, it describes the strange sight of "the moon is now full on the sea": the bright moon rises from the sea, and lovers all over the world will share this beautiful moment. The word "altogether" in Illuminating the Whole Heaven is a description of the shared love between lovers. "It brings a separated heart, and the night is long and considerate" means that affectionate people complain that the night is long and difficult, insomnia, being tortured by "lovesickness", and they can only "get up" and wander around in clothes. "I blew out the candle. It was not dark. I put on my coat. It was not warm." Late at night, the moonlight was brighter. The dew is cold and wet. "So I left my message to the moon and went to my bed, hoping to have a dream." The author said affectionately: I really want to hold a handful of moonlight for my sweetheart with both hands, but the moonlight can't be filled with both hands, so I have to go back to my house and go to bed to find a dream. Maybe I can meet you in my dream. ...

Third, "I hope people will stay together for a long time"-the moon and the Mid-Autumn Festival?

Among the poems chanting the moon, there is nothing better than chanting the Mid-Autumn Festival. Because the Mid-Autumn Festival is on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month, the climate is relatively dry, and the autumn sky always looks very refreshing, and the visibility is greatly improved. And from a scientific point of view, the distance between the moon and the earth is the closest, so when you look at the moon from the earth, you will feel that the moon is the most complete and brightest in a year. The roundest thing in the world conforms to the psychology of pursuing perfection in life and career in China culture, so the content of "reunion" has been added in the sense of celebrating the harvest for thousands of years, and the Mid-Autumn Festival has become a "reunion festival". Therefore, a large number of poems about Mid-Autumn Festival have been produced.

The most wonderful description of the Moon in Mid-Autumn Festival is Su Shi's Water Tune Song Tou;

"When is the bright moon? I take my glass from a distance. I don't know about palaces in the sky. What year is tonight? " As mentioned above, unlike other nations in the world who attach more importance to the sun, the Chinese nation attaches more importance to the moon in its understanding of the universe. Our ancestors explored the relationship between human beings and the universe by observing the movement of the moon countless times. "Who first saw the moon by the river and who took photos at the beginning of the month? Life is endless from generation to generation, and Jiang Yue is only similar year after year "(Zhang); "Today people can't see Gu Yue, and they took photos of the ancients before this month. If the ancients are running water today, they will see the bright moon together "(Li Bai). The moon is eternal, can life be eternal? The moon is full, can life be enriched? So there is "when will the moon appear in the blue sky?" I stopped for a glass and asked "(Li Bai), so there was" When is the bright moon? " Ask heaven for wine ",so I created a reunion festival to comfort myself-Mid-Autumn Festival! However, does Heaven talk about this? Is there a reunion festival in the sky? "I don't know the palace in the sky. What year is tonight? "You should have a look. ...

"I want to go home by the wind, but I am afraid of Qionglou Yuyu. It is too cold at the top." How many people guess that the heaven must be beautiful, the moon palace must be beautiful, and the distant world must be beautiful.

"Dance to find the shadow, how can it be on earth!" There will be misfortune and loneliness in the world, but as long as you love the world and life, then you will be full of confidence, joy and hope for life!

"Turn Zhu Ge, low yee, such as sleepless. There should be no hate. Why do you want to leave each other? " On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, the moon flies like a mirror, turns to Zhuhong Pavilion, descends the carved door and shines in front of the bed where people can't sleep because they miss their loved ones. At this moment, the perfection of the moon reflects the loneliness of leaving people. "Affectionate but heartless", naturally some people will complain, "There should be no hatred, why should we leave when it is round?" Moon, I have nothing against you in the past, but I have nothing against you recently. Why do you always show off your roundness when I leave? This is the poet's "barbaric language", which makes no sense. People's troubles and grievances have nothing to do with the external scenery. If everyone thinks so, can they live? Therefore, this is just a hypothesis, a foreshadowing, an extreme and a "knot". How to untie it?

"People have joys and sorrows, and the moon has ups and downs. This matter is ancient and difficult. " This is a wise saying, leaving aside the word "knot" in front, it contains a philosophy of life that is difficult for ordinary people to deeply understand. Lu Xun once said that people in China often pursue a "round" culture and fantasize that life is perfect. In fact, has there been a "circle" in life? Natural and man-made disasters, accidents, failure in fame, career failure, family conflicts, poor health, love and hate, and where to go are all possible. Life is a hurdle, you must face it. In a sense, the "non-roundness" of life is absolute, while the "roundness" is relative. Just like the moon is cloudy, sunny, reunion and incomplete, it is difficult to be perfect from ancient times to now. That is, only once a month, just like the reunion night of the 15 th National Day, and this time it is also the "sixteenth moon of the 15 th National Day"!

If you don't know "it's too late to be complete", there will be three situations: First, you only see "completeness" and don't admit that there is "lack". You are unprepared for the setbacks in life, and you will be knocked down once you face them; Second, self-deception to avoid "lack" and deliberately seek "all", blind pursuit, living very tired, the result backfired, counterproductive; Thirdly, I realize that life is "incomplete" in theory, but I instinctively resist it in action. Therefore, it is a kind of realm to realize that "this matter is difficult to complete in ancient times".

Su Shi did it himself. He had a rough life and was demoted to Danzhou (now Hainan Province) in his sixties. But he eats and lives everywhere: in Hangzhou, there is "Dongpo meat"; In Huangzhou, there are "Dongpo cakes"; In Bianzhou, eat puffer fish ("Artemisia selengensis has short reed buds all over the ground, which is the time when puffer fish want to fuck"); In Huizhou, eat lychees ("300 lychees a day, you don't hesitate to be a Lingnan person") and sleep late ("It is said that Mr. Wang sleeps beautifully in spring, and Taoist people play for five minutes"); In Hainan, drink coconut juice and wear "Dongpo hat" (coconut shell). He is always so free and easy, so optimistic.

Anything can happen in the world, and everything can be controlled by yourself. Therefore, whether it is joys and sorrows, whether it is rain or shine, we must let nature take its course. It is a desirable attitude that "misty rain is coming."

The "lonely rock" in the space "close to the earth" begins to enrich its life as soon as it comes into contact with affectionate human beings. The originally heartless month has become a "sentient person". Many nationalities in the world, civilized and savage, have ancient myths about the moon. These myths, from a modern point of view, not only did not make the moon immortal, but proved that the moon was decadent. Those stories about the moon make modern educators nervous. When you tell them, don't forget to add "that's false." From the point of view of modern science, the moon ... ". This "that's fake" is enough to rot the moon. The modern "scientific moon" is really terrible.

However, not all the friends the moon makes are ruthless. Fortunately, we have created a nation that really loves the moon, that is, our Chinese people. Our Chinese nation endows the moon with immortal life in literary works, mainly not by myth. The moon shines on palaces in the Han Dynasty, Chang 'an in the Tang Dynasty, Uni-President Hotel and illegal buildings, and has been comforting people in those houses since ancient times.

Our nation believes that only by relying on the moon can we complete an immortal famous literary painting. Li Bai painted a picture of "a bright moon hanging high in the capital, and all the hammers were empty". It seems that Chang 'an in the Tang Dynasty must be decorated by moonlight, and it is best for the whole city to reflect moonlight. What Du Fu painted was "The stars come down from the clearing and the moon comes up from the river", and the rolling river and moonlight dance on the waves! Wang Wei, an idyllic poet, paints well. He painted pine trees and houses in the Peach Blossom Garden, which is not enough. Add another moon, and the whole place will be beautiful: "The moon is bright and peaceful." The pine tree itself is not beautiful enough, and the moonlight is beautiful. "There is moonlight in the pine forest and crystal stone in the stream". If the soft moonlight is removed, I'm afraid the taste will be gone. Bai Juyi's Pipa Journey contains three famous poems about the bright moon. One is "I'm tired of drinking, but I'm not happy. I'm leaving, and the river is full of strange moons." The other is "The boat in the east is quiet, the boat in the west is quiet, and Bai Qiuyue enters the heart of the river." The third is "She keeps an empty boat at the estuary, with no companion except the bright moon and cold water." Zhang Jiuling's plays and magnificent literary pictures are also very touching. "The moon, now growing up on the sea, illuminates the whole heaven". For China people, the moon is the embodiment of beauty, and the moon is beauty.

People in China like to be associated with the moon. Li Bai once went down the mountain, and the moon sent him home. "At dusk, the blue mountains and moonlight escorted me home." The old man is heroic and happy. When he was excited, he was afraid of being called crazy, so he had to go to the moon for a drink. "Until I raised my cup, I asked the moon to bring me my shadow and let the three of us." Li Bai, the moon and the shadow, how lively, but how lonely. Old people advocate "Oh, let a man with spirit take risks where he likes, and never point his golden cup at the moon!" " . Du Fu is also a "friend of the moon". He also said, "I wonder, when can we lift our cups again, just like we walked on the moon last night?" . He likes the moon and plays with it. When Wang Wei plays the piano, the bright moon is with him. "The wind blows me and the moon shines on my piano." The moon is the eternal friend and sincere friend of the people of China.

China people believe that the moon has feelings and belongs to human beings. Zhang Bi said that the moon will take care of people and is an infatuated friend. "Affectionate but spring court, it is better to keep people." Because of this, when people in China face the bright moon, their mood often fluctuates, just like lying on a big leather chair in a modern psychotherapy clinic. Childhood, hometown, distant relatives and their own life experiences all come to mind. "The foot of my bed is shining so brightly. Is it frosty already?" Who can't sing and who can't understand? This is Li Bai's. Where is Du Fu? "He knows that the dew will be frost tonight, and how bright the moonlight is at home!" , Lao Du's heart, the hearts of thousands of people. Wang Changling thought far, "The bright moon in Qin dynasty was closed in Han dynasty, and the Long March did not return". Lu Lun also has the feeling that "my heart goes three thousand miles, and my homesickness comes with the month".

People in China love to read and remember poems related to the moon, such as Frosty Night, Cold Water in a Smoke Cage, and Wine in the Bright Moon, which are read with relish. They are related to the moon and beautiful.

Our Mid-Autumn Festival is also called Mid-Autumn Festival. On this day, our nation, which loves the moon, feels conceited, because through the efforts of writers and poets of all ages, we have endowed the big stone roaming in space with immortal life. People in China welcome the moon to modern times. The moon in China has no mineral flavor.

"In the moonlight like water, China people's mentality and emotions are vivid and natural," said Xiao Fang, a professor at the College of Literature of Beijing Normal University. The Mid-Autumn Festival has evolved into the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, which is second only to the Spring Festival.

Among the four traditional festivals in modern China, Spring Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival came into being at the latest. Mid-Autumn Festival began to appear in Tang and Song Dynasties, and rose to be a folk festival in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Xiao Fang believes that although the Mid-Autumn Festival came out late, most of the festival customs contained in it have ancient origins, such as the worship of the moon celestial bodies, which has existed in China since ancient times. "The Book of Rites Sacrifices" said: "The sunrise is in the east, the moon is in the west, and the length of yin and yang will eventually swim with each other, resulting in the sum of the world." In the eyes of the ancients, the normal operation of the sun and the moon is the guarantee of the harmony of the universe.

The spirit of the Tang people is romantic, and enjoying the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival has become the fashion of the Tang literati. Bai Juyi left a poem of "New Moonlight in Three or Five Nights, Thinking of an Old Friend in a Thousand Miles". The myth of Luna appeared a new plot in the Tang Dynasty. Besides the lonely Chang 'e, Toad and Jade Rabbit, there is another WU GANG in the Moon Palace. The Moon God has evolved from a primitive cosmic god into a Taoist immortal, and the Moon Palace seems to be the third world between heaven and earth. The bright and cold moon aroused people's aesthetic conception of the universe and sympathy for the people in the Tang Dynasty.

The Mid-Autumn Festival in the Song Dynasty has become a folk festival, and the Mid-Autumn Festival has a day off. After the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the utilitarian factors in social life became prominent, the tradition of lyrical and mythical literati centered on "appreciating the moon" weakened, and utilitarian worship, prayer and secular emotions and desires formed the main forms of Mid-Autumn Festival customs for ordinary people. The Mid-Autumn Festival became an important node in people's lives and rose to a folk festival alongside New Year's Day and Dragon Boat Festival, with rich and diverse activities.

Xiao Fang believes that although the Mid-Autumn Festival was formed at the latest, it has a great influence among the four traditional festivals. Part of the reason is that the custom of Mid-Autumn Festival has a long history, and more importantly, it is close to people's life and spiritual needs.

"For example, Yue Bai and moon viewing, in the hearts of China people, the moon has always been a symbol of softness and light, and it is entrusted with the beautiful yearning of China people." Different from the worship of the sun in western society, many festivals in China consider the corresponding relationship with the moon, and the Mid-Autumn Festival embodies China's worship of the moon. Appreciating the moon is a good opportunity for dialogue and communication between man and nature, and also an effective way to realize the coordination of interpersonal relationships. In today's increasingly alienated people, the Mid-Autumn Festival still entrusts the feelings of China people that "the moon in the sky is reunited, and people in the underground are reunited". For today's China people, the annual Mid-Autumn Festival is still an indispensable spiritual baptism.

"Mid-Autumn Festival meets the emotional needs of China people." On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, it is extremely important for China people to bathe in the bright moon, share moon cakes symbolizing reunion, taste newly harvested fruits and vegetables, and share family and friendship.

"More importantly, the Mid-Autumn Festival represents the ideal realm of China people's life." The artistic conception of "the moon and people are two circles" has been the realm of beautiful interpersonal relations that China people have been pursuing since ancient times. China was called Mid-Autumn Festival in ancient times? "Reunion Festival". The full moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival gives China people a spiritual reminder and promotes the reunion of people with the full moon in the sky. The poem "I wish you a long time and a thousand miles together" is still the most quoted wish for the Mid-Autumn Festival.

"The Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional festival in China, which originated from people's worship of the moon celestial body. Combining the ancient autumn flavor and blessing for children, it contains the ideal of family reunion, sharing family affection and yearning for the beautiful human relations in China, which is of great significance for integrating and regulating social relations." Xiaofang said.