Language sense is a kind of cultivation, which is the ability to directly, quickly and sensitively understand and feel language (including spoken and written language) in long-term standardized language use and language training. Some people talk "eloquently" and write articles "as if writing is full of spirit". It seems that when they practice English, they follow their feelings completely without any consideration. In fact, this is the role of language sense. It comes from language practice, which in turn guides language practice. To improve the comprehensive ability of language use, it is inseparable from the cultivation of language sense. So how to cultivate students' sense of English language in teaching?
First, pay attention to pronunciation and lay a good foundation for the cultivation of language sense.
To cultivate a sense of language, we must first cultivate a sense of language. Standardizing the standard pronunciation and intonation helps to express thoughts and feelings, and also helps readers to understand the author's intention and attitude implied in the article. For example, the famous black leader Martin Luther King's speech "I Have a Dream" is still widely praised and listed as a must-read by many schools. This is not only because of his wonderful speech, but also because the audience was infected by his pure and rich voice and cadence, and his speech was a great success. For another example, if you can't read some poems with standard pronunciation and intonation, you won't feel the author's thoughts and feelings, let alone the author's intention and attitude implied in the poems. It can be seen that pronunciation is extremely important in the process of language learning. The key to phonetic teaching lies in the following three aspects.
1. Teachers should pay attention to their own pronunciation cultivation.
In the process of learning a language, anyone's pronunciation will be imitated intentionally or unintentionally, and the teacher's pronunciation is most likely to be imitated by students. As the saying goes, "it takes hard work to strike while the iron is hot." If a teacher's pronunciation and intonation are not standardized and pure, his students will naturally "listen to the southern accent." This undoubtedly creates obstacles for them to learn English in the future. This puts high demands on teachers' phonetic literacy.
2. Phonetic teaching should pay attention to the selection of materials and try to provide students with authentic English phonetic materials.
The choice of phonetic teaching materials should be true, diverse and timely. Teachers should try their best to guide students to understand pronunciation and intonation, including the changes of rhythm and stress and their implied intentions and attitudes (there are questions in the Listening Test of College Entrance Examination (Weibo) to infer the speaker's intentions and attitudes according to intonation), and the means should be more abundant. For example, playing English and American movie clips and their daily conversation videos, so that students can feel authentic English, and understanding the relationship between English intonation, rhythm, stress, mood and attitude through audio-visual is the basis for forming a sense of language.
3. Pronunciation teaching should be persistent.
Phonetic learning can't be done overnight, and it should be accompanied by English teaching all the time. Students' English pronunciation level is gradually improved with the continuation of learning time and the improvement of cognitive level, so it is necessary to develop the habit of learning pronunciation for a long time or even for life.
Second, create an English atmosphere, experience English and form a sense of language.
Many students can only think in Chinese, but not in English. When listening, speaking, reading and writing in English, most of them have to go through a process of "psychological translation" (that is, translating what they hear and read into Chinese in their minds and understanding it in Chinese; Think about what you want to express in Chinese, first translate it into English in your mind, and then express it. This is the thinking of China people. )。 This will undoubtedly affect the communication effect. Therefore, teachers must cultivate students' habit of thinking in English. Whether students can form the habit of thinking in English has a great relationship with teachers' teaching methods. Due to the influence of the environment, students' exposure to English largely depends on English classes. In English classroom teaching, teachers should follow the principle of "using English as much as possible and using mother tongue appropriately". Teaching English must be done in English. Only by strengthening English practice, creating real context, using English more, and letting students have a lot of contact and experience with English and immerse themselves in the atmosphere of using English, can we effectively eliminate the interference of mother tongue and form English thinking. Classroom layout, class wall newspaper, etc. English should be used as much as possible, such as: classroom layout: English map, English version of the code for middle school students, etc. On the wall newspaper, students can collect English famous sayings and proverbs every day and write them on the blackboard newspaper for the whole class to communicate. In addition, teachers should encourage students to use "Ying Ying" dictionary to avoid the habit of always translating English into Chinese and understanding and annotating English in Chinese, which is also a good way to develop English thinking.
Third, infiltrate cultural awareness, cultivate cross-cultural communication ability and improve English language sense.
Language and culture are inseparable. Language has rich cultural connotations. Culture refers to the history, geography, customs, traditional customs, lifestyle, literature and art, code of conduct, way of thinking and values of a country or a nation. To truly master a foreign language, we must learn and understand the culture of the target country. Different cultural backgrounds naturally lead to different standards of language appropriateness. For example, in China, guests praise the delicious dishes cooked by the host, and the host often says politely, "I just cook casually." In this case, Westerners often answer: "Thank you. I'm glad you like it. " In their opinion, it is impolite to invite others to be guests, but to order one at random. Language is also developing and changing. Some of the English we learned from books was the language of English-speaking countries in the 1950s and 1960s. If we communicate with foreigners in this language, it will definitely affect the communication effect. Some people learn English well in China, but they find it difficult to communicate with local people abroad, which shows that they ignore the reality of language when learning English. Therefore, in teaching, teachers must infiltrate cultural awareness and cultivate students' cross-cultural communication ability, so as to really improve students' sense of language.
Fourth, through reciting and reciting, we should constantly exercise our sense of language.
Recitation is the most basic language training, and reciting articles with standard pronunciation and intonation is the basis of forming a sense of language. Recitation is a higher-level language training based on recitation. "If you are familiar with 300 Tang poems, you can recite them even if you can't write them." "If you read a book a hundred times, you will know its meaning." It can be seen that recitation and recitation are very important in language learning. In the old society, teachers in private schools didn't begin to explain until students had finished reciting articles. Facts have proved that this teaching method is effective. Because, in reading and reciting, students have a preliminary perceptual knowledge of language, that is to say, with a preliminary sense of language, it is naturally much easier to learn further on this basis. In teaching, teachers should guide students to recite and recite, but they should not recite words in isolation, but word by word. Besides reciting the text, you can also recite some classic works and articles (such as speeches by celebrities and great men). Of course, you should also pay attention to pronunciation and intonation when reciting.
Fifth, accumulate a sense of language in reading.
"Reading is like breaking thousands of volumes, and writing is like a god." In daily teaching, we find that some students write beautifully, which can be described as "writing like a god". In fact, this is the result of a lot of reading. Language sense comes from a lot of language practice, and reading is a very important aspect in language practice. The purpose of reading is to cultivate English language sense and enrich language and cultural background knowledge. Curriculum standards point out that English teaching in senior high schools should pay attention to the cultivation of reading ability. The eighth goal of the curriculum standard requires students to complete 360 thousand words of extracurricular reading. Its purpose is to cultivate students' ability to obtain information, process information, analyze and solve problems in English, and to cultivate students' ability to think in English, thus accumulating a sense of language. In reading teaching, teachers should make good use of the classroom as the main battlefield, use the "reading" part of the text to cultivate students' reading ability and skills, and help students overcome the "psychological translation" in reading (that is, translating English into Chinese while reading). The best way to overcome mental arithmetic translation is to read in a limited time. Teachers should also encourage students to read the original works, read a variety of themes and materials, and cover all kinds of articles in various fields of English-speaking countries' culture as much as possible when guiding students to read after class.
Let students speak English, which is an important way to cultivate a sense of language.
One important aspect of language sense is "taste". The ultimate goal of learning English is communication, and oral communication is an important form of communication. But in actual communication, many students think about what they want to express in Chinese first, and then translate it into English, which undoubtedly affects the communication effect. This is mainly due to large classes, few opportunities for students to speak, and some teachers do not attach importance to oral English teaching. The four abilities of listening, speaking, reading and writing complement each other, and it is not good to lack one. The teaching mode of "Crazy English" is successful in a sense. By forcing learners to speak English, they can blurt it out through a lot of practice, which greatly improves their oral English and other abilities. There are many ways to practice oral English, such as English corner (qualified schools can invite foreign teachers) and arranging textbook plays. There is another way that students like very much-dubbing. The curriculum resources in NSEFC are very rich, and many materials (especially dramas) are accompanied by videos. The scenes in the video are all real, the actors are all British and American, and the language is natural and authentic. I ask the students to imitate the recording first, and then do dubbing training-play the video with multimedia and mute it, and let the students play the role and say the lines to the screen. In this kind of training, students are "lifelike", as if they were on the scene, which greatly enhances the communication effect. Through a lot of oral practice, students can form a more direct, rapid and sensitive understanding and perception of language and characters.
In a word, the sense of language is a kind of accomplishment and a kind of ability, which comes from language practice and in turn guides language practice. In a lot of language practice, students not only form a sense of language, but also improve their comprehensive language application ability. Language practice under the guidance of language sense is also easy and handy.