truly effective reading depends on all the mental and emotional activities of the readers, so as to grasp the objective things and their meanings reflected by the written symbols and achieve the purpose of reading. This highly personalized activity determines that reading can only be students' own business, and no one can take over. The teacher's duty is to create a "field" conducive to students' emotion, so that students can directly face the text, take the initiative to read, concentrate on reading and read with interest. The stronger the students' autonomy and enthusiasm, the more they will gain.
in reading teaching, we should vigorously advocate personalized reading, provide students with sufficient thinking space in teaching, guide students to have equal dialogue, take the initiative to read, make independent discovery and cooperate freely, and turn the process of students' reading into a process in which students' subjectivity, initiative, independence and creativity can be continuously generated, publicized, developed and improved.
First, arouse thinking in equal dialogue
The Chinese Curriculum Standard points out: "Reading teaching should be carried out in the process of equal dialogue between teachers and students." Zankov also said in "Conversation with Teachers": "If a heart-to-heart conversation atmosphere can be created in the class, children can bring their impressions, feelings, doubts and questions to the class and have a free conversation, while teachers can guide and participate in the conversation with a high degree of wit and express their opinions, and the expected educational effect can be achieved."
In reading teaching, teachers should create a learning atmosphere for students that can give full play to their learning personality and allow everyone to express their opinions and even argue with each other. We must truly return the freedom of study to students, the right of study to students, the space of study to students, and the joy of study to students, so that students have sufficient conditions to explore independently, study and study, and truly realize self-discovery and development. The teacher's guidance is mainly to create an environment and atmosphere conducive to students' research reading, so as to produce harmonious feelings between teachers and students and positive emotional experience in the classroom, so that students can reach the best state in their knowledge exploration and ability play. Try to let students observe independently, think independently, read and speak more, summarize and do more. Change the classroom into a paradise full of creation and discovery, so that students' personality development can get the best effect.
For example, at the end of teaching groundnut, a teacher launched a talk show entitled "Tell the truth" with the theme "Do you like peanuts or apples? What kind of person do you want to be?" Let the students choose their own opinions and speak freely. As a result, students expressed their opinions and got red in the face. Some students even moved books such as "1, Why" and "Science and Technology Expo" to the classroom to attract more readers. In the process of such a dialogue, students not only have a deeper understanding of the text, but also have a deeper understanding of the truth expounded in the text, and students' personality is fully displayed in the dialogue.
The above-mentioned teaching process makes reasonable use of dialogue, including the dialogue between teachers and students, the dialogue between students and texts, and the dialogue between students themselves, which leads students to deepen their thinking, promotes students to sublimate their feelings, attitudes and values in reading and equal dialogue, and fully demonstrates the role of dialogue in reading teaching and its value in the development of students' personality.
Second, experience success in self-perception
The Chinese Curriculum Standard points out that "the rich humanistic connotation of Chinese curriculum has a profound influence on students' spiritual field, and students' reactions to Chinese materials are often diverse. Therefore, we should attach importance to the influence of Chinese, pay attention to the value orientation of teaching content, and also respect students' unique experience in the learning process.
in the teaching of "Wonderful" and "Terrible", teachers use the method of guiding reading to arouse students' feelings and experiences, and return the initiative of reading to students, so that students are willing to read, enjoy reading and compete for reading, and finally read their minds, shapes, feelings, tastes, thoughts while reading, discoveries during reading, experiences during reading and reading. In response to the question "Why do parents have diametrically opposite comments on the same poem?", the students launched an active inquiry reading. When expressing personal understanding and feelings, some people said, "Buddy can write poems when he is only seven or eight years old. Of course, the mother is very excited to see her son have excellent works at such a young age, so she praises' wonderful'"; Some said: "From Buddy's impatient look, we can see how much Buddy is eager to get his father's praise, which paves the way for the following father's evaluation and forms a contrast. At the same time, we can see that Buddy is a very motivated child"; Some said, "Father's evaluation is unrealistic, and it is harsh for a child of seven or eight years old, and even hurts the child's self-esteem"; Others said, "My father is very democratic. He said,' Which law stipulates that Buddy must become a poet' because he wants his children to develop naturally, and I hope that my father and mother can treat me like this." ... The students' ideas opened up and their thinking "moved". Teachers should cherish students' unique feelings, experiences and understanding, encourage students to express their unique opinions and develop their thinking of seeking differences. In this way, the dialogue between students, teachers and texts will be open. It is in this series of reading practice that students deepen their understanding of the text and practice their unique feelings and experiences. Reception aesthetics holds that there is a two-way interactive relationship between the text and the reader, and the value and status of literary works are the result of the interaction between the writer's creative consciousness and the reader's acceptance consciousness. Different readers often have different acceptance of the same work. Therefore, we should acknowledge students' "reasonable prejudice", respect students' richness, diversity and individuality in text understanding, respect students' value orientation in reading and respect students' unique experience in reading. Only in this way can students at different levels taste the taste of success. Experience the pleasure of reading and enjoy the joy of success.
Third, learn to study in independent exploration
Psychology believes that children have an innate, (continued to page 45) (continued from page 28)
self-centered exploratory learning style. As Suhomlinski said: "There is a deep-rooted need in people's hearts, that is, I hope to be a discoverer, researcher and explorer; In the spiritual world of children, this need is particularly strong. " Therefore, in reading teaching, teachers can guide students to explore independently by means of research learning, and in the process of reading, the process of learning knowledge will be turned into a process of exploration and research, from which indirect innovative feelings can be obtained, thus meeting the needs of students' independent exploration.
For example, when teaching Only One Earth, the teacher inspires students: What do you want to say to your classmates and people in the whole society after learning the text? After the students speak, guide the students to read the last section of the text emotionally, and encourage them to protect the earth carefully with their own actions, and then trigger a discussion: Do you have any good suggestions and communicate with each other? So students have exchanged their views. After class, the teacher will lead the students to investigate the environmental damage and pollution around them, ask the students to draw up a plan and evaluate the plan, and then lead the students to protect the environment and the earth with their own actions. "Chinese Curriculum Standard" points out that it is necessary to "advocate independent, cooperative and inquiry learning methods. The determination of teaching content, the choice of teaching methods and the design of evaluation methods should all contribute to the formation of this learning style. " Modern society is an information society, so we should also cultivate students' ability to collect and organize information in reading teaching. In the above teaching examples, students have effectively studied and explored information related to environmental protection, and from the perspective of informatics, they have initially cultivated students' information processing ability, which is just one of the basic elements to realize innovation.
Fourth, flying personality in free activities
Mr. Tao Xingzhi advocated children's "six liberations": liberating students' eyes and mouths, making students' eyes light up and their mouths move; Liberate students' hands and brains, let students play and stick a post in their study, so that they can do it in learning, thinking in activities and doing it in thinking; It liberates students' time and space, and makes teaching not limited to the classroom. By carrying out related activities in reading teaching, students can not only construct knowledge and improve their language ability, but also regulate their emotional attitudes and learning strategies and form a positive learning attitude through activities such as perception, experience, practice, participation and cooperation. For example, before or after learning texts such as Mountaineering and Sunrise on the Sea, teachers can also lead students, or let students watch the sunrise and sunset by themselves and express them in their favorite ways. Students will experience four processes of "walking-watching-speaking-feeling" in this activity, which shows the cultivation of students' language ability in the activity. More importantly, when students use their favorite, In the above activities, students actively and creatively show themselves and improve themselves, so that students can change from objective self to subjective self, and reading teaching and activities can become a big stage to show students' personality.
Personality is the source of creativity, which will make our classroom teaching full of vitality. Every teacher should actively and patiently bend down to listen to every child's voice, use a pair of warm, calm and intelligent eyes to discover and cherish every seedling with personality, and create opportunities for them to express their opinions, express themselves and show their talents to the fullest, so that personality can shine in reading teaching!
(Editor: Liang Yuan)