Through the training of memory, I believe that when we read these words, we will have a deeper feeling than before. For example, there may be a picture of an old man (Lao Zi) pointing to others and saying, "He who knows himself knows", and then pointing to his head and saying, "He who knows himself knows." Then he waved his fist and said "the winner is strong" everywhere, and then he took off his clothes to show his muscles and said "the winner is strong". Then he took out a gold ingot, touched it, made a persistent gesture, walked to the root of a tree, pointed to it, "He who has lived for a long time without losing his position", and then lay on the ground and sighed and said, "He who dies but does not die will live a long life."
With the improvement of practice, I believe your sense of picture will become stronger and stronger. Even if you don't use the skills of string words and transformation, you will have a deeper impression on this article. When recalling, the old man pointed to others first, and then pointed to himself, and a series of plots emerged like animation. Of course, in order to remember more firmly, we can also extract a keyword from each sentence and connect them in series.
Summary: There are many ways to recite classical Chinese, and this is just one of them. There are many other methods, such as digital encryption, positioning, staking and so on. If you have a good method, you can write it down and share it.
2. Senior high school classical Chinese memorization method 1. Read more books.
Be sure to read it smoothly before you start reciting. When you can't read well, your memory is poor. 2. Recite on the basis of understanding.
Try to remember the meaning of classical Chinese after you understand it. Memory has little effect when you have a little knowledge. 3. Cultivate a sense of language in classical Chinese.
We should learn to integrate into the language environment of classical Chinese and eliminate the strangeness and estrangement of classical Chinese. The more familiar things are, the easier it is to remember. 4. Learn to summarize the rules of using words in classical Chinese and carefully understand the sentence characteristics of classical Chinese.
The use of words and sentences in classical Chinese has its own unique characteristics. These unique sentence patterns and ways of using words are often difficult to remember. Familiarity with these characteristics is of great help in memorizing classical Chinese. 6. If you can cultivate a strong interest in classical Chinese, you can get twice the result with half the effort.
In short, we can't expect to learn classical Chinese overnight, we can only master and summarize its characteristics slowly, and the effect may not be obvious at first. But if we can persist, many obstacles in memorizing classical Chinese will be eliminated and memory will become simple.
The method of reciting classical Chinese shows that you are not very skilled, so you should recite it several times.
You can remember the title and the first sentence of this classical Chinese. When you can't remember, follow the back and you will know the last sentence. It is best to combine notes when reciting, understand first, then remember, and consolidate more.
The following are the specific methods: First, grasp the key words and recite the key words mentioned here. First of all, it refers to the leading word of a sentence. Reciting often encounters such a situation: a classical Chinese text that can be memorized is often stuck at the beginning of a paragraph when it is recited again. At this time, if someone prompts the guide words, you can recite them quickly. This shows that guiding words can induce thinking and help memory.
Second, it refers to the key verbs that are easy to associate with the supporting points of reciting content. For example, by reciting the sentences in Born in Worry and Died in Happiness, we can grasp the words "bitterness", "tiredness", "hunger", "emptiness" and "confusion".
According to this idea, it is not only helpful to remember, but also beneficial to the extraction and application of materials in the future. Second, combined with the characteristics of the sentence, when reciting the words "the city is not high, the pond is not deep, the army is not strong, and the rice is not much" in "The Road Helps the Less", these words are not only * * but also the following words "The territorial people are not bound by the government ... and the war will win". You can make these sentences clear first.
For some texts with the characteristics of "singing repeatedly", we can seek common ground while reserving differences when reciting, that is, after reciting the first section, find out the words different from the first section and memorize them. For example, the second section of Gentlemen in Service has only a few words, which is different from the first section. So, just recite the first section and remember the different words in the second section.
Third, omit some words to recite. This method of reciting is suitable for people with poor memory. The specific method is: read the text several times and copy it in your notebook. When copying, only one or two words are kept at the beginning and end of each sentence, the middle word is omitted, and the omitted words are supplemented when reciting.
For example, reciting the "Model" can be like this: "The first emperor ... collapsed, now ... points, Yizhou ..., this ... and ..." In this way, you can not only recite it quickly, but also remember it firmly. Fourth, use words and pictures to recite some words like painting descriptions of scenery, and the characters are vivid. After reading the text, the picture in the text naturally appears in your mind like a focal plane, thus producing associative memory.
For example, in the second and third paragraphs of the article Zuiwengting Ji, the author described two pictures in these two paragraphs respectively. One is a landscape painting, which is a picture of the four seasons in the morning and evening; The second is genre painting, that is, "Chuhe people travel-Taishou banquet-all the guests are happy-Taishou drunk". If you can print these pictures of scenery, tourists' activities and personal feelings on your chest, you can recite them quickly.
Another example is Li Bai's poem "Looking at Tianmen Mountain". You can also draw a stick figure composed of mountains, water, sun and sails according to the artistic conception in the poem. This not only helps to understand the meaning of poetry, but also helps to remember it.
5. Recite in writing order This is a method of reciting in writing order. The writing order of the article mainly includes chronological order, spatial order, logical order and so on.
For example, "Bian Que Meets Cai Huangong" can be recited in chronological order: Bian Que saw Cai Huangong → lived 10 days, Bian Que saw him again → lived 10 days, Bian Que looked forward to Huan Hou's departure → lived for 5 days ... The nuclear ship can be recited by spatial order: the whole ship → the middle of the ship → the bow → the stern → the rear of the ship; For the "movable type board", it is described in logical order: the creation and invention of movable type board → use → efficacy.
6. Reciting the text refers to the translation of the text. Some sentences or paragraphs are difficult to read and even more difficult to remember. For example, several sentences in the third paragraph of the article "Yu Gong Yi Shan": "Although I am dead, I have a son; Son gives birth to grandson, grandson gives birth to son, son gives birth to son, son gives birth to grandson. " When reciting, mistakes, omissions and reversals occur from time to time. At this time, you can strengthen your memory by referring to the translation to avoid mistakes, omissions and reversals. Seven, according to the text clues, the writing clues of reciting articles include writer clues, narrative clues and lyric clues.
"Peach Blossom Garden" takes the fisherman's whereabouts as a clue, starting from his arrival at the Peach Blossom Garden and ending when he failed to reach the Peach Blossom Garden. According to this clue, it is easier to remember. Reciting "Humble Room Inscription" can be remembered according to the clue of ugliness. The article first describes the "ugliness" of the living room environment and daily life, and then compares the author's humble room with the ancient famous room, making it clear.
Eight, enter the text role to recite the words describing the actions of three people at the bow in the Story of a Nuclear Ship, and let three students play Dongpo, Lu Zhi and Fo Yin respectively. By performing "Dongpo holds the tail with his right hand and caresses his back with his left hand", "Lu Zhi holds the tail with his left hand and fingers the roll with his right hand", "Dongpo shows his right foot and Lu Zhi shows his left foot" and stretches his right knee. Recite the article "Cao Gui Debate". If three students imitate the tone of fellow villagers, Cao Gui and Zhuang Gong for dialogue training, then recite it, the effect will be better.
It should be noted that special emphasis is now placed on cultivating students' ability, which is reflected in memory and understanding, while understanding. If you want to write a sentence that uses some rhetorical devices or expresses some thoughts and feelings in poetry, or a topic sentence, famous aphorism, etc. We must correctly understand the content on the basis of memory and intercept relevant fragments or sentences as required. If you can only learn by rote and can't understand thoroughly, you will answer irrelevant questions.
Therefore, memory is only a means, understanding is the purpose and the vitality of memory.
4. Do you have the skills to recite classical Chinese? When students enter junior high school, they begin to get a lot of exposure to classical Chinese.
There are some differences between classical Chinese and modern Chinese in reading comprehension, especially the recitation of classical Chinese, which has always been the most difficult problem for students to learn. But when we look back at the classical Chinese we have studied, we will find that every classical Chinese, whether it is ideological content, expression methods or structural forms, has certain rules to follow. Therefore, different methods are used to recite different types of articles to enhance the effect of recitation.
From the actual teaching experience, I learned ten recitation skills. First, recite from the center of the article.
Some articles should grasp the core part of the text first, and then expand from it, so as to be easy to recite. For example, in the article "Sun Quan's Persuasion", the article mainly focuses on Sun Quan's foresight and spirit of persuasion, Monroe's ability to correct his mistakes, frankness and sincerity, and sincere admiration for Lu Su. The article is short and pithy, and the characters are distinct.
Based on dialogue, we can deeply understand the tone and intonation of the characters in reading and reciting, and then touch the characters' personalities, deepen our understanding of the key parts of the article and improve our reciting ability. In the article "Kouji", the first two paragraphs are simple props, with emphasis on the middle three paragraphs. These three paragraphs should grasp two scenes, the process of a family of four from sleeping to waking, from waking to sleeping and the scene of fire fighting, from static to dynamic, from dynamic to static, and then from static to dynamic.
Writing sounds from far and near, from inside to outside, from less to more, from weak to noisy, from slow to urgent, from simple to complex. It's much easier to recite the full text.
Some stories in classical Chinese have strong plots, so it will be helpful to sort out the ideas of the article and recite them again. For example, Mulan Poetry mainly tells the story of Mulan disguised as a man and joined the army instead of her father. There are several problems to grasp. Why did Mulan join the army instead of her father? Do you miss your family when you leave home? How to gallop on the battlefield and make contributions? How to refuse a senior official, return home in triumph, and reproduce her daughter's costume? The article "Early Zhou" describes the process of turning evil into good at the beginning of Zhou, so we should grasp what kind of person Zhou was at the beginning and what happened later. What are the opportunities for change? What action has been taken to turn over a new leaf? In this way, the context of the article will be sorted out and the difficulty of reciting will be solved.
Third, the argumentative essays in classical Chinese are recited from the level of discussion. The writing style of ancient argumentative essays is similar to that of modern argumentative essays, with a central argument and arguments to support it, and how to demonstrate it.
It is necessary to clarify the thinking of the article and recite it according to the level of discussion. For example, the argument put forward in "Get more help from the Tao, get less help from the Tao" comes straight to the point and adopts a step-by-step approach to reasoning and argumentation at different levels. Therefore, when reciting, it is necessary to closely follow the central argument step by step, grasp the levels, and interlock.
Being born in worry and dying in happiness is a combination of illustration and reasoning. Start with an example, then extend it, and finally summarize the central argument. Therefore, when reciting, we should make the examples clear and gradually summarize the arguments of the article.
Fourth, recite according to the structural form. Some classical Chinese have distinct levels and prominent points. For example, in the story of Xiaoshitang, first write Xiaoshitang (underwater sound), then write "shape" (scenery in the pool), and then write "close view" (water, rocks, trees and fish), then write "prospect" (pool), and finally briefly describe the environment, causing feelings.
In this paper, the materials are organized according to the tour order, and the methods of changing shapes and writing scenes in turn are adopted, so we should grasp this structural feature when reciting. When reciting the Story of the Nuclear Ship, we should grasp the structural characteristics of "total first, then divided", write down the length and height of the nuclear ship first, and then divide it into different parts of the hull.
When the bow and stern are written separately, the structure of total writing and separate writing is also adopted. If you grasp it in this way, it will be clear when you recite it.
Fifth, grasp the sentences that lead to the full text and recite them. Many articles in classical Chinese we have studied have sentences that quote the full text.
For example, in the article "The Story of Yueyang Tower", "The poet who moved away must be here, and the love of things must be nothing strange?" It leads to the feeling of seeing things of the emigrant poets, which naturally reminds us of the arguments expounded in the following two pictures and two moods. Sixth, recite the key sentences in the paragraph.
The 265,438+0 words "Ye" in Zuiwengting Ji are like a line stringing the whole article together, so besides grasping this keyword, we should also pay attention to the second and third paragraphs of the text. In the second paragraph, we can imagine the scenery presented by the author by grasping the "sunset in the mountains" and "four seasons scenery". In the third paragraph, we should grasp four key sentences, namely, "Chu people travel", "Taishou banquet", "All the guests are happy" and "Taishou is drunk". They describe four scenes, which are first and then, so it is much easier to grasp them.
The key of Three Gorges lies in careful observation and accurate grasp of the characteristics of scenery writing. Covering the sky and covering the sun describes the mountain scenery of the Three Gorges at noon and midnight, Xiangling Mountain in Summer shows that the water is rising and the mountains are overflowing, Guiyin shows that the ships are blocked, and Going to Jiangling at dusk describes the urgency of the water, which makes the Three Gorges beach more vivid and has a feeling that seeing is believing. Grasping key words helps to recite the full text.
Seven, recite with the help of expressions. Some classical Chinese texts use such techniques as "contrast" and "setting off", highlighting and mastering them comprehensively will help speed up memory.
For example, I want what I want first uses the choice between fish and bear's paw as a metaphor to clarify the view that "righteousness is more important than life"; Then, taking "one cup of bean soup" as an example, it is clarified that beggars would rather die than eat unjust food, which is in sharp contrast with "ten thousand" and "rather die than eat". The author of "Tang Drama Live Up to the Mission" describes the personality characteristics of Qin Wang and Tang Drama by means of comparison. Therefore, when reciting, we should grasp one of them, that is, "make people talk"-"don't talk"-"be angry"-"scratch your face and kneel for a long time to thank you"; The other is the characteristic of "respecting before remonstrating, coming out in times of crisis"-calmly responding-tit for tat-"standing up for the sword".
Find out these contrasts and recite them easily. Eight, with the help of the sensory recitation used by the author in the text.
In order to achieve its artistic effect, the author makes full use of human senses to vividly describe some classical Chinese. For example, in the second and third paragraphs of Zhu Shu, the author first saw the "wonder of mountains and rivers" with human vision; Then I wrote "The Difference of Water" by hearing. If I can grasp these things, it is not difficult to recite the article.
Nine, the transcript should be recited separately. Because the report card is meaningful before and after.
5. How to quickly recite the classical Chinese in junior high school? How do students who are exposed to China's ancient poems recite them quickly? Here are some methods to see which ones are more suitable for students. 1. Reciting articles in writing order mainly includes chronological order, spatial order and logical order.
It is also a common method to recite articles according to the writing order and find strategies that are conducive to reciting. For example, the story of the nuclear ship was written according to spatial order, and it can be recited in this order: the whole ship → the middle of the ship → the bow → the stern → the back of the ship.
Every paragraph in the article has a sentence that implies spatial order. Students can recite these sentences first. Then split the structure of each paragraph and sort out the reciting ideas of each paragraph.
2. Grasp the key words and recite the so-called key words. First, it refers to the guiding words of sentences and paragraphs that need to be recited; The second is to grasp the key verbs that are easy to associate and recite. For example, by reciting the sentences in Born in Worry and Died in Happiness, we can grasp the words "bitterness", "fatigue", "hunger", "emptiness" and "confusion", which have unique meanings and significant functions in the text.
3. Whole-paragraph joint recitation refers to whole-paragraph recitation, subsection recitation and joint recitation, which have different characteristics, uses and certain connections. The whole-division-combination recitation method generally requires students to read the text as a whole first, then recite each paragraph separately, memorize each paragraph by heart, and then combine all the paragraphs for memory.
This method is practical, effective and convenient for reciting long poems, such as the Cao Gui debate and the list of teachers. 4. Time-limited reciting method This is one of the compulsory reciting methods.
It is required to complete the quick memory of some contents within the specified time. If you can cooperate with proper inspection, the effect of recitation will be enhanced, such as limited recitation and immediate detection.
It is very effective for teachers to adopt this method in school. Trying to recall and recite is helpful to recite, but if it is simply repeated over and over again, the memory effect is still poor. The best way is to close the book and try to recall the memory after reading to a certain extent, which can enhance the effect of reciting.
This method of trying to recall can also be used in a wider range of time and occasions.