Confucius said: "I'm not asking this question, but asking you and your son to do what you can to increase their knowledge." How can you do this? " Lutz said: "Is learning beneficial? Confucius said, "Madam, those who have no advice will lose their integrity, and those who have no friends will lose their virtue. Crazy horse will not let go of its strategy, 62616964757a68696416fe59b9e7ad94313330356330.
Wood is straight with rope, and people are sacred with advice. If learning requires you again, you won't succeed.
Killing the wicked is close to punishment. A gentleman must learn.
Lutz said: "There is bamboo in Nanshan. Cut it if it's not soft or straight. With this statement, what else do you learn? Confucius said, "If you don't enter, you will have it." Lutz bowed again and said, "respected and taught. "
Qi: the same as "Qi" and pronouns, equivalent to "Who". (2) Yes: it means rhetorical tone, which is equivalent to "no".
3 release: release. ④: (qíng) appliances for correcting crossbows.
⑤ Persuasion: outspoken persuasion and criticism. ⑤ Learning: Learn from the teacher. ⑦ Kneading: Processing.
8 rhinoceros skin: the leather products of rhinoceros. ⑨ Enclose: the end of the arrow.
Feather: Used as a verb to attach an arrow feather. ⑩ ?: (zú): Arrow, used as a verb, meaning "loading an arrow".
⑾: Thank you. (13) immoral: immoral in character.
(13) rope: rope ink. (14) sabotage: slander. (15) emphasize: value, value. (16) Saint: smart and wise.
(17) Anti: Objection, extended to "discard". (18) policy: spur.
(19) whetstone, used as a verb, that is, "grinding" (20) behavior: Yes, just edit this translation. Confucius said to Luz: What are your preferences? Luz replied, I like long swords. Confucius said: that's not what I asked.
With your talent and knowledge, who can match? Lutz said: Can study increase our ability? Confucius said: If you don't have a minister who dares to remonstrate, there is something wrong with your politics. If a scholar has no friends who can correct his shortcomings, his moral character is easily lost. You can't put down the whip for a wild horse, and you can't change the pair casually when shooting with a bow.
Trees can only grow straight by pulling with ink ropes, and people can only be noble if they can accept good words. If someone teaches you to ask questions seriously, there is nothing you can't learn.
Those who violate benevolence and righteousness and specialize in doing bad things will be punished by state laws at any time. So a gentleman can't help learning.
Luz said: there is a kind of bamboo in Nanshan, which is straight and does not knead or bake. After sharpening, it can penetrate the thick skin of rhinoceros, so why do you have to go through the learning process when some things are gifted? Confucius said: If you put feathers in the tail of the arrow and sharpen it, won't the arrow shoot deeper and farther? Lutz thanked him and said: I really benefited a lot. Editor's brief analysis of this paragraph: This article is selected from Confucius Family Story, which records a conversation between Confucius and Luz when they first met, from which we can appreciate Confucius' educational thought of "teaching by example and being tireless".
"Don't be angry, don't be angry, don't be angry, don't be angry, don't be angry." In the face of Lutz's questioning and rhetorical question, Confucius concisely and profoundly corrected Lutz's point of view, which is indisputable. This shows that Confucius is an educator and thinker.
Moral: People should not only rely on talent, but also study hard, practice more and improve themselves! Confucius' students put a seemingly irrelevant sentence at the beginning. Confucius said, "Isn't it a pleasure to learn from the times? Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? Ignorance and dissatisfaction are not gentlemen? " What does Confucius want to express? In junior high school, the teacher separated three sentences, which were easy to understand: it is always a pleasure to look back and learn from the past, and friends come to see me from afar; Some people don't know it themselves, but they are not angry. Isn't that what gentlemen do? More worthy of happiness.
Indeed, Confucius is proud of being a gentleman, although it may seem a bit silly now. In fact, China people are always good at analysis, but their comprehensive ability is often lacking.
Mr. nan huaijin explained this sentence in The Analects of Confucius, which sounds logical, but it is not clear whether it is consistent with the original intention. He said that these are three things that are connected by cause and effect: review makes friends from far away come here. I didn't expect my friends' opinions to be different from mine, and I was not in a hurry to get angry.
In this way, I became a happy gentleman, "unhappy"? There are two behaviors in learning-learning and thinking. Confucius said in the second chapter of Politics: "Learning without thinking is useless, and thinking without learning is dangerous."
It means that learning without thinking is useless and nothing is gained; Thinking without learning makes you slack off and get nothing. These are the two extremes in the learning process.
In high school, this sentence has always been my motto. I should thank Kong Old Master Q for being admitted to the university.
And my deskmate failed, but he worked as hard as I did. It's not that my luck is better than his, I think it's in this sentence.
He is good at asking questions, but seldom thinks independently. In fact, thinking is also a skill to learn.
My deskmate should be confused. Which is more important, learning or thinking? In the fifteenth chapter of Wei Linggong, Confucius said, "I won't skip meals all day and sleep all night. It's useless to think, it's better to learn. "
Understand this sentence casually, as if learning is more important than thinking That's not true.
Confucius said so, and I can also say the other way around, I'd rather not eat for a day and stay up all night to study, which is more useless than thinking. Learning and thinking are two wheels of learning, and they are indispensable.
Confucius attached great importance to reviewing the learning process. "Review the past and learn new things, and you can be a teacher."
Review what you have learned and gain new experience, then you can become a teacher. "I know I am dead, and I have never forgotten what I can do in the middle of the month. It can be said that it is eager to learn. "
Remember what you forget every day, and don't forget what you have learned every month, so that you can say that you are eager to learn. In high school, the teacher once told us the law of forgetting.
What you have learned in the past must be reviewed within 24 hours before you can remember it in your mind and form a long-term memory. Look at it the next day or the third day, and you will remember it longer.
Ceng Zi said, "I save myself three times a day. Is it cheating for others? Don't believe in making friends? Can't you learn? " Check whether you have done three things well every day: are you loyal to planning for others? Is it trustworthy to associate with friends? Have you reviewed what the teacher said? Everyone who is eager to learn is struggling with forgetfulness, and Confucius has taught himself the methods he has explored on the road of studying for decades without reservation.
2. The classical Chinese answer to Confucius' admonition. I am anxious to read the original text of Confucius. Confucius asked, "Why are you so happy?" Right: "Good long sword."
Confucius said, "I didn't ask this question. I just said that I can do what I can. With knowledge, can I achieve it? " Lutz said, "Is learning beneficial?" Confucius said, "Madam, if you don't admonish me, you will lose your integrity, and if you have no friends, you will lose your hearing. Resist the crazy horse, don't let go of the strategy, hold the bow and don't go against it.
The wood is straight by the rope, and the man is sacred by the precept. Ask again after the study. Destroying benevolence and evil officials is close to punishment.
A gentleman must study. Luz said, "There are bamboos on the South Mountain. You can straighten it by rubbing it, and you can use it by cutting it to reach the end of the rhinoceros skin.
With this statement, what else do you learn? Confucius said, "If it contains ⑨ and feathers, if it is sharpened, how deep is it?" Lutz bowed again and said, "Be educated." Excerpted from editor's note ①: the same as "qi", pronoun, equivalent to "who"
(2) Yes: it means rhetorical tone, which is equivalent to "no". 3 release: release.
Policy: whip. ④: (qíng) appliances for correcting crossbows.
Anti: Objection, extended to "discard". ⑤ Persuasion: Call a spade a spade and persuade criticism.
Sage: Smart and wise. ⑥ Learning: Learn from the teacher.
Attach importance to. ⑦ Kneading: Processing.
8 rhinoceros skin: the leather products of rhinoceros. ⑨ Enclose: the end of the arrow.
Feather: Used as a verb to attach an arrow feather. ⑩ ?: (zú): Arrow, used as a verb, meaning "loading an arrow".
Sharpen: Sharpen a stone, used as a verb, that is, "sharpen". ⑾: Thank you.
Edit this translation. Luz met Confucius. Confucius said to Luz, "What do you like?" Lutz replied, "I like long swords."
Confucius said, "That's not what I asked. With your talent and study, you should have a good talent. " Lutz said, "Can learning increase our ability?" Confucius said, "If you don't have a minister who dares to remonstrate, there is something wrong with your politics; If a scholar has no friends who can correct his shortcomings, his moral character is easily lost.
You can't put down the whip for a wild horse, and you can't change the pair casually when shooting with a bow. Trees can only grow straight by pulling with ink ropes, and people can only be noble if they can accept good words.
If someone teaches you to ask questions seriously, there is nothing you can't learn. Those who violate benevolence and righteousness and specialize in doing bad things will be punished by state laws at any time.
So a gentleman can't help learning. Lutz said: "There is a kind of bamboo in Nanshan, which is straight and does not knead or bake. After grinding, it can penetrate the thick skin of rhinoceros. Some things are gifted, so why go through the learning process? " Confucius said, "If you put feathers in the tail of an arrow and sharpen it, won't the arrow shoot deeper and farther?" Lutz thanked him and said, "I really benefited a lot."
The editor briefly analyzes this passage from Confucius' Family Tales, and records a conversation between Confucius and Lutz when they first met, from which we can realize Confucius' educational thought of "Persuading and Teaching People tirelessly". "Don't be angry, don't be angry, don't be angry, don't be angry, don't be angry." In the face of Lutz's questioning and rhetorical question, Confucius concisely and profoundly corrected Lutz's point of view, which is indisputable.
This shows that Confucius is an educator and thinker. Moral: People should not only rely on talent, but also study hard, practice more and improve themselves! Confucius' students put a seemingly irrelevant sentence at the beginning.
Confucius said, "Isn't it a pleasure to learn from the times? Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? Ignorance and dissatisfaction are not gentlemen? " What does Confucius want to express? In junior high school, the teacher separated three sentences, which were easy to understand: it is always a pleasure to look back and learn from the past, and friends come to see me from afar; Some people don't know it themselves, but they are not angry. Isn't that what gentlemen do? More worthy of happiness. Indeed, Confucius is proud of being a gentleman, although it may seem a bit silly now.
In fact, China people are always good at analysis, but their comprehensive ability is often lacking. Mr. nan huaijin explained this sentence in The Analects of Confucius, which sounds logical, but it is not clear whether it is consistent with the original intention.
He said that these are three things that are connected by cause and effect: review makes friends from far away come here. I didn't expect my friends' opinions to be different from mine, and I was not in a hurry to get angry. In this way, I became a happy gentleman, "unhappy"? There are two behaviors in learning-learning and thinking.
Confucius said in the second chapter of Politics: "Learning without thinking is useless, and thinking without learning is dangerous." It means that learning without thinking is useless and nothing is gained; Thinking without learning makes you slack off and get nothing.
These are the two extremes in the learning process. In high school, this sentence has always been my motto.
I should thank Kong Old Master Q for being admitted to the university. And my deskmate failed the list, but he worked as hard as me.
It's not that my luck is better than his, I think it's in this sentence. He is good at asking questions, but seldom thinks independently.
In fact, thinking is also a skill to learn. My deskmate should be confused.
Which is more important, learning or thinking? In the fifteenth chapter of Wei Linggong, Confucius said, "I won't skip meals all day and sleep all night. It's useless to think, it's better to learn. " Understand this sentence casually, as if learning is more important than thinking
That's not true. Confucius said so, and I can also say the other way around, I'd rather not eat for a day and stay up all night to study, which is more useless than thinking.
Learning and thinking are two wheels of learning, and they are indispensable. Confucius attached great importance to reviewing the learning process.
"Review the past and learn new things, and you can be a teacher." Review what you have learned and gain new experience, then you can become a teacher.
"I know I am dead, and I have never forgotten what I can do in the middle of the month. It can be said that it is eager to learn. " Remember what you forget every day, and don't forget what you have learned every month, so that you can say that you are eager to learn.
In high school, the teacher once told us the law of forgetting. What you have learned in the past must be reviewed within 24 hours before you can remember it in your mind and form a long-term memory.
Look at it the next day or the third day, and you will remember it longer. Ceng Zi said, "I save myself three times a day.
Is it cheating for others? Don't believe in making friends? Can you pass it on? Check whether you have done three things well every day: are you loyal to planning for others? Is it trustworthy to associate with friends? Have you reviewed what the teacher said? Everyone who is eager to learn is struggling with forgetfulness, and the methods explored by Confucius on the road of studying for decades are also taught to his students without reservation. In learning attitude, first of all, Confucius thinks that "those who know are not as good as those who do."
3. The interpretation of classical Chinese reading (Confucius is a human being) is "the mountain rises and the scenery stops", which is commonly used, but it really needs some pen and ink to explain clearly.
This is from The Book of Songs Xiaoya. Zheng Xuan commented: "The ancients respected those who had high morality and enlightened people." Zhu commented: "Look forward. Scenery, avenue also. The mountains can be raised and the scenery is feasible. " One is Han Confucianism, and the other is Song Confucianism. There is such a big difference between them.
In the last sentence, Zheng said that "the mountain is high" is a metaphor for lofty morality, and "Yang" is admiration; Zhu said that this is aimed at people looking up at the mountains, without any metaphor.
The next sentence, "Jing Xing Xing Zhi", is even more controversial. According to Zheng, "respecting behavior" is interpreted as "being clear", that is, aboveboard behavior; "Then do it" is to take it as the criterion of action. According to Yi Zhu, "Jingxing" is the main road, and "Jingxing Station" refers to the main road where people can walk.
Both Zheng Xuan and Zhu are great scholars, and their statements are reasonable. However, because they were separated by thousands of years, Zheng said it had been generally accepted by everyone before Zhu said it, so later generations regarded Zheng said more than Zhu said when citing this. Now there are all kinds of dictionaries, some of which are the coexistence of two theories, and some are the combination of the two.
The word "zhi" in the two sentences is an auxiliary word, indicating a certain tone, and the word "zhi" is sometimes used in the quotations of future generations.
The phrase "when the mountain arrives, the scenery stops" can be abbreviated to the idiom "when the mountain arrives", from which the word "admire" comes into being. Because it is a famous sentence, it is widely quoted by later generations. Here is just an example recorded in Historical Records Confucius Family: "There is a cloud in the poem:' The mountain rises and the scenery stops.' Although I can't reach it, I am eager for it. "
This is used to praise Confucius, because two sentences were added at the end of the quotation (meaning: although I can't reach this level, I have always yearned for it), and the meaning of admiration is particularly clear. Besides, Sima Qian, the author of Historical Records, was born more than 200 years earlier than Zheng Xuan, so it can be seen that the theory of envy of Ming has long been popular in the world and was not initiated by Zheng Xuan.
4. Confucius' story reading answer (respect) Laozi (humbly asking for advice) Confucius started (education) training (talent) learning (earnest) teaching (excellent) 3. Although you are knowledgeable, you must be modest and don't deliberately show off your talents and show off.
People with high morality are usually modest and not proud. Confucius studied hard at the age of seventeen, and he worked very hard. When Confucius was almost thirty years old, he set up a "private school" and was accepted by everyone; At the age of 30, he went to ask Laozi humbly and gained a lot of knowledge. At the age of sixty-three, he returned to Lu and devoted himself to the chronicle. Confucius died at the age of 73.
Confucius' outstanding contribution to the benefit of the world: He completed the compilation and revision of six classics, such as Poem, Book, Rite, Yue, Book of Changes and Spring and Autumn Annals, and took these classics as teaching materials, carefully taught students and trained a large number of outstanding talents.
5. There are a few words of Confucius' classical Chinese, please help me understand 1. Confucius said: In a threesome, there must be a teacher. Choose the good and follow it, change the bad. [Shu Er].
Explanation: Because there are mountains outside the mountains and people outside, I must be embarrassed to ask myself what I lack and what others are good at.
2, Confucius said: three friends who benefit, three friends who lose. Friends are frank, friends forgive and friends listen more, which is beneficial. Friends make friends, friendly and soft, and friends will be destroyed and damaged. [Ji Shi]
Explanation: Honesty, tolerance and listening are beneficial to life; Being smart, ignorant and narrow-minded is bad for life.
3. Confucius: Learning without thinking is useless, and dying without learning is dangerous. ["For politics"]
Explanation: it is useless to learn knowledge without thinking, and it is tiring to think without learning.
4. Xia Zi said: I know what it is, and I won't forget what I can do in confinement, but I am eager to learn. [Zhang Zi]
Explanation: People who know what they lack and what they have every day are eager to learn.
6. Confucius studied classical Chinese and read Xiangzi (recorded in Sima Qian's Historical Records). Xiangzi, a Confucian drummer [1], didn't make it in ten days [2]. Xiangzi said, "You can benefit from [3]." Confucius said, "Qiu learns his songs instead of counting them [4]." You can benefit from it. "Confucius said," Qiu is not a person [7]. "Sometimes, Mu Ran will think deeply and feel happy. He said: "Qiu is a person, dim [10] and black, but a little [165438]. Shi Xiangzi sat [14] and bowed again, saying, "Master Gaiyun's king [15] is also right." -(from Historical Records-A Family of Confucius) 350 "Confucius" are all composed of string songs in order to combine Shao and Wu. Cheng Liuyi. (Historical Records Confucius Family) 2.2 Notes [1] Drum: Playing the piano. "Shi Xiangzi": a musician of Wei State. [2] Jin: Forward, which means no longer learning new music. [3] Yi: Jia, Zeng, meaning the same as "Jin". [4] Numbers. Intention. [7] M: What kind of person is a composer? [8] Mu Ran: taciturn, quiet and thoughtful. [9] Yiran: Pleasant. "Easy", lofty. [10] darkness: darkness. [1 1. hyperopia. [13] Shikoku: In all directions, under the sky. [14] Opening: Avoid seats. Opening a seat is avoiding it. The ancients sat on the floor and left their seats to show their respect. [15] Wang Wencao: the title of Zhou Wenwang's piano music. Shi Xiangzi said: "You can increase the learning content." Confucius said: "I am familiar with the form of music, but I haven't mastered the method yet." After a while, Shi Xiangzi said, "You have mastered the playing skills, so you can increase your learning content." Confucius said, "I haven't understood the artistic conception of music." After a while, Shi Xiangzi said, "You have understood the artistic conception of this piece. Confucius said: "I know who he is: that man is dark-skinned, tall, smart and far-sighted, like a king, ruling princes in all directions." If it weren't for Zhou Wenwang, who else could write this song? " Hearing this, Shi Xiangzi stood up at once, bowed again and replied, "My teacher also thinks this is indeed Cao. "This story is recorded in Historical Records, Confucius Family (attached to the original text), Korean Poetry Biography, Confucius Family Language and Liezi, which not only sets a rare example for future generations to learn music, but also reflects that they are born for future generations' teachers.
7. Confucius and Mencius Reading Questions and Answers-Confucius and Mencius Reading Comprehension
Confucius said, "Five out of ten, I am determined to learn; I am thirty years old; Forty without confusion; At the age of fifty, I knew my destiny; I am obedient at the age of sixty; I am still obedient at the age of seventy; I didn't cross the line. "
Confucius said, "Learning without thinking is useless, and thinking without learning is dangerous."
Zi Gong asked, "Why did Confucius write this article?" Confucius said, "I am sensitive and eager to learn, and I am not ashamed to ask questions. It is also a saying. "
Confucius said, "If it's a mountain, it won't work. Stop! I'll stop! For example, on the flat ground, although covered, I will go. "
Mencius said, "There is nothing more than ignorance of the king. Although there are things that are easy to live, if it is violent for one day and cold for ten days, no one can live. I think it's rare. All the ones that have cooled down are here. If I am cute, what can I do? The number of games played today is decimal; You can't do it if you don't concentrate. Qiu Yi is the best athlete in this country. Let Qiu Yi teach two people to play chess: one person concentrates, and Qiu Yi listens; Although a person listens, he thinks that the swan is coming and wants to pay for the bow and shoot it to death. Although he learned from it, it was impossible. Is it because his intelligence is not as good as the former? Say: unnatural. "
Mencius said: "It is better to believe in books than to have no books. In Wucheng, I only adopted two or three strategies. The benevolent is invincible in the world, so that the benevolent is cut to the point of inhumanity, and there is no blood. "
1, Confucius was the founder of a noble family and school, and his thoughts and theories had a far-reaching impact on later generations. The Scholars is a book that records the words and deeds of Confucius and his students.
2. Mencius, one of the classics, mainly recorded Mencius' words and deeds of lobbying vassal States and the arguments of various factions at that time. Mencius, a famous family, clan and family at that time, was called "".
3. The first article in Selected Works is Confucius' self-report on the process of studying in Germany and the stage of improving cognitive ability, which reflects the law of continuous accumulation of life experience to some extent and tells us that learning can make people.
4. The second is the key point.
5. Third, Confucius explained the meaning of "Wen" through posthumous title, indicating that.
6. The fourth article uses metaphors of ""and ""to persuade people.
7. The first article of Mencius tells people a truth about learning: learning cannot be used (using idioms appearing in the article), but must be used; Don't be half-hearted, you must concentrate.
8. The second article of Mencius, Mencius' famous assertion, tells us that reading should be spiritual.
Answer:
1. Confucius was a famous thinker, politician, educator and founder of Confucianism in the late Spring and Autumn Period. His thoughts and theories had a far-reaching impact on later generations. The Analects of Confucius is a book that records the words and deeds of Confucius and his students.
2. Mencius, one of the Confucian classics, mainly recorded Mencius' words and deeds of lobbying vassal States and the arguments of various factions at that time. Mencius, a famous thinker, politician and educator in the Warring States period, was known as the "sage of Asia".
3. The first article in Selected Works is Confucius' self-report on the process of studying in Germany and the stage of improving cognitive ability, which reflects the law of continuous accumulation of life experience to some extent and tells us that learning can benefit people for life.
Article 2 emphasizes that learning and thinking must be closely combined.
5. Thirdly, Confucius borrowed posthumous title to explain the meaning of "Wen", indicating that people with lower status and less knowledge should be consulted.
6. In the fourth part, the metaphor of "mountain" and "flat land" is intended to persuade people to strive for self-improvement.
7. The first article of Mencius tells people a truth about learning: learning can't be done overnight (using idioms appearing in the article), but perseverance, perseverance; You can't be half-hearted, you must concentrate, concentrate (use the idioms that appear in the article).
8. In the second chapter of Mencius, Mencius' famous assertion that "it is better to believe in books than to have no books" tells us that reading should have the spirit of criticism and doubt.