Source: Qiushi Theory Network Author: Xiao Xu, Deputy Director of Shiyan Civil Affairs Bureau, Hubei Province

When Confucius interpreted the divination of "Book of Changes" and "Earthquake", he said: "When you are in Lei Zhen, a gentleman will repair the province with fear." Confucius believes that when a gentleman looks at the image of a mighty thunder, he should reflect on the province with the heart of fear and worry, so as to get rid of evil and do good, avoid harm from afar, and seek good fortune, and further say, "When an earthquake comes, it will probably lead to happiness; If you are dumb with laughter, you will get a warning from minor issues, hold the heart of caution and fear of "shock comes to you", cultivate your morality, be strict with yourself, and make your words and deeds conform to morality, laws and decrees, so that you can avoid further dangers and disasters and reach the carefree realm of "dumb with laughter". The spirit of "fear to repair the province" advocated by Confucius, such as being prepared for danger in times of peace, guarding against delay, knowing what to do and being prepared for danger, is of profound significance for party member cadres to cultivate themselves.

first, fear of saving is the way to live in peace

The sense of hardship is the core idea of implementing the Book of Changes, emphasizing the principle of "being prepared for danger in times of peace". Fear, as the psychological and behavioral characteristics of the hexagrams in the Book of Changes and the Earthquake, is born of the sense of hardship, and comes for "pushing heaven to understand people", revealing that "those who are in danger are also in their place; The dead, protect its survival; Chaos, there is also a cure. Therefore, a gentleman is safe without forgetting danger, keeps without forgetting death, and governs without forgetting chaos. It is the truth of life that the country can protect itself and the country can protect itself. Confucius said in the poem "Zhen": "Zhen Heng. When the earthquake comes, it will be a blessing. Laughing is dumb, and then there is also. Shocked for a hundred miles, frightened far away but afraid of you ",profoundly deduces such a psychological and behavioral law: a person is frightened by disasters that happen to others and other places, worried about greater disasters coming to himself," frightened far away and afraid of you ",nip in the bud," fear to repair the province ","reflexive Xiu De ",and self-restraint" when the earthquake comes, he laughs.

It is precisely because "fear is far away and fear is near" is an extremely important principle and method to prevent and avoid disasters. Lin Bu, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, emphasized that "the fear is the foundation of self-cultivation, and fear in advance is fearful, and fear can avoid disasters; Fear afterwards leads to regret, and regret can be corrected. A wise man repents with fear, but a fool is fearless without regret. An old friend keeps himself alive, and a fool kills himself. Great, the so-called fear is also ". The southern song dynasty "Zhouyi Ji Shuo" notes that "those who repair, repair their goodness and advance;" Those who save, examine their shortcomings and change them. " The Yuan Dynasty's Integration of the Original Meaning of Zhouyi also has the interpretation of "repairing what it has not done and saving what it has done". It can be seen that a gentleman is afraid that his words and deeds violate morality, laws and discipline, so he should be cautious and afraid to repair them, so as to avoid trouble caused by his words and deeds. It is not cowardice, nor is it a timid bondage, but a vigilant mentality that always appreciates his heart for fear of "one short step will make him regret forever", a sober self-discipline realm of "stopping what he thinks, and changing what he does", and a kind of "doing whatever he wants" Therefore, in the Qing Dynasty, Wei Yijie said in "Qiong Pei Yu": "Those who achieve great things come from the heart of fear."

The predecessors' attention to "fear to repair the province" is also based on their deep understanding of human nature. Mencius thought that "human nature is good" and "all can be Yao and Shun", Xunzi said that "human nature is evil, and those who are good are false", Gao Zi saw that "human nature is neither good nor bad", "it can be good or bad", and Mozi lamented that human nature is like silk, "it is pale when dyed in the sky, and yellow when dyed in the yellow". Because everyone is expected to be good or evil, "nature is like a seed, which can grow into both fragrant flowers and poisonous weeds", so we should guard against fear, get rid of evil and be good, and "renew its virtue". "The virtuous also get". Those who have virtue can not only get happiness, luck and happiness, but also get morality, people and the world. As public servants of the people, party member cadres at all levels hold certain powers and manage certain resources, which can not only benefit the masses and serve the country, but also destroy themselves and families. Only by maintaining respect for people's status, being wary of power risks, being wary of their own weaknesses, being afraid of external temptations, being afraid of being killed in prison, always cultivating the virtue of politics, always thinking about the harm of greed, and always being self-disciplined, "being honest, saying what you say and stopping what you do", can we prevent misconduct, ruin our reputation and bring disaster to the country and the people. In this sense, fear is a "warning bell", a "preservative", a "decontamination powder" and a "amulet". It is a virtue, a good deed, an evil deed and a disaster avoidance to cultivate the province through fear.

Second, fear is the most important thing to cultivate.

According to Confucius, the reason why "a gentleman cultivates a province with fear" is that he is "afraid of his neighbors and forbearance". Kong Yingda further commented in the Tang Dynasty that a gentleman "sees the wrath of heaven, fears the power of thunder, and is self-disciplined, so he said,' A gentleman cultivates his province with fear'", and he who fears his neighbor's actions and abstains from it is "blameless". That is to say, the "fear" of "fear and repair the province" does not mean general fear and fear, but takes "neighbors" as a mirror, respects but does not neglect, avoids but dares not, keeps the precepts with a straight heart and does something wrong, that is, fears. Awe, which means both respect and fear, is the self-vigilance, self-examination, self-discipline and self-correction that people always guard against. It is not only an important method for people to cultivate morality, but also an important part of ethics itself. Therefore, Zhu Xi said: "A gentleman's heart is always in awe."

Throughout the ages, awe has been paid close attention to and valued for its extreme importance as the way of self-cultivation, the foundation of ethics and the bottom line of virtue. There has always been a tradition of "awe" in China's ideology and culture. Confucianism believes that "a gentleman has three fears, fear of destiny, fear of adults, and fear of the words of saints"; "The gentleman is afraid and fearful, and the villain is lucky and sudden. If you are afraid of its disaster, you will be blessed, and if you are suddenly blessed, you will be in trouble; "Since the son of heaven that Shu Ren, there is no fearless and not dead. If you are afraid, you will not dare to succeed, and if you are fearless, you will be in trouble from what you want. " Taoism reveres "Heaven" and advocates that "man should follow the earth, the earth should follow the heaven, the heaven should follow the Tao, and the Tao should be natural". Buddhists revere the vast universe, the vast void and the mystery of life itself, and advocate "five precepts" and "ten virtues". In Islam, awe is not only a lofty realm of belief, but also a lofty realm of morality, which emphasizes that "awe is the source of all good" and that "anyone who respects and cultivates himself will have no fear or worry in the future". In the west, Christianity regards "the fear of the Lord as the beginning of wisdom" and believes that the fear of God is the first virtue of believers. Because the concept of fear of God is deeply integrated into the values and daily life style of westerners, fear of nature and fear of life constitute the basic spiritual support of westerners' ethical thoughts. The philosopher Kant thinks that there are two things that are most worthy of human awe, that is, "the vast and splendid starry sky overhead" and "the moral law in the heart"; Philosopher Schweitzer emphasized that "the feeling of reverence for life is an absolute ethics"; Philosopher Paul ricoeur pointed out in The Symbol of Evil: "Only through fear, not through love, can human beings enter the ethical world". It can be said that the reverence thought passed down from generation to generation has become an invisible and sacred "indicator lamp" for human behavior, a "propeller" for social harmony and a "safety valve" for national stability. If a person stands in awe of the world, he will think what he thinks, do what he should, and stop what he should do. Once there is no awe, he will be bold and do whatever he wants, he will cross the line, run a red light and step on the bottom line, which may bring terrible consequences to himself and his family. In particular, those leading cadres who have certain public power should be awed.

In fact, the word "fear" has existed for politicians and officials for a long time. During the Warring States period, Duke Xiang of Lu was not fond of eating fish, and many people rushed to send fish as they liked. He refused, and said, it's not that I don't like eating fish, but that I'm afraid of eating such fish, and I'll be dismissed and investigated sooner or later. At that time, no one will send me fish again, and I won't be paid to buy fish for myself as I am now. Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, is regarded as the most outstanding feudal emperor in the history of China. During his 23 years of rule, he has a very remarkable feature, that is, the word "fear" takes the lead. He once said, "When a man speaks as the emperor, he has to respect himself and be fearless, while I think that he is right, self-restrained, humble, and always fearful ... Every time he thinks, says, and does something, he must fear the emperor and the people, but he knows that he is always humble and always afraid, and he is afraid that he will not be called the heavenly heart and the people's will." According to "Miscellaneous History of the Ming Dynasty", Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty, suddenly asked his ministers in the morning, "Who is the happiest in the world?" The ministers who came to the class to wait for the order had different opinions, and Zhu Yuanzhang was not satisfied after listening. Later, a minister named Wan Gang replied that "he who fears statutes is the happiest", which made Zhu Yuanzhang feel very happy and boasted that "his opinions are unique". Through these personnel, we can easily see that thousands of years ago, our ancestors were still able to respect heaven and law from the height of loving themselves, loving their country, being responsible for themselves, being responsible for the people and being responsible for the society. Today, party member cadres at all levels who aim to serve the people wholeheartedly should be highly responsible for the cause of the party and the people, and must maintain a modest, cautious, arrogant and calm style, and fear the people, history, law and discipline, life and life.

Third, fear cultivation should be driven by external forces

Confucius wrote in Earthquake? Like "said," Fu Lei Zhen, a gentleman saves the province with fear ". Later, Cheng Yi further commented: "A gentleman looks at the image of a mighty thunder, and teaches himself by fear.". If a gentleman fears the power of heaven, he will correct his body, think about it, and change it. " All of them show that there is the image of "thundering and shocking" first, and then there is the gentleman's "fear of heaven" and "fear of repairing the province". That is to say, "fear of repairing the province" was not a voluntary act of the gentleman at first, but was forced by the external pressure of "thundering and shocking". "If you are heavy, you will still be heavy. Because of the thunder, it is a sublime. " This external pressure is not a general pressure that comes at first sight, but a continuous power that makes the gentleman deeply afraid after wave. Accurately grasping this essence is instructive for us to truly cultivate our fear, be in awe, and be able to fear and then not be afraid.

At the end of 19th century, Cornell University made a famous frog experiment. The researchers first threw a frog into the boiling water pot. The frog couldn't stand the sudden high temperature stimulation and immediately struggled to jump out of the boiling water pot to escape safely. Half an hour later, they filled an iron pot of the same size with cold water, then put in the frog that had escaped from death and slowly heated it under the pot with fire. Frogs don't understand, swimming leisurely in the water, and when they find that they can't stand the water temperature, they are already tired of jumping, and it is too late, and they are finally scalded to death in hot water. Frogs are like this, so are people. This experiment tells us that sudden external stimulus or pressure can often make people feel alert, while subtle corrosion often makes people lose their guard and pay a fatal price. People's survival and development cannot be separated from a sense of crisis and hardship. "Huainanzi Human Training" said, "A levee of a thousand miles leaks from the hole of an ant; A house of searching is burned with smoke from a sudden gap. Shudder, be careful every day. People don't stumble on the mountain, but stumble on it', that is, old friends all neglect small harm, easy to do small things, and regret more. Suffering from it and worrying about it later is that those who are still ill are already worried and seek good medical treatment. Although Bian Que and Yu Zhi are clever, they can't be born. "The same is true. It can be seen that it is not enough to make people always alert, guard against fear, take precautions, cultivate their morality, speak dangerously, not be paralyzed, not neglect, not lucky when things happen, and it is also necessary to rely on self-perception to warn and drive people to maintain sufficient vigilance. In the current era of ruling the country according to law, the key is to carry out strong legal supervision and democratic supervision, that is, to strengthen the supervision of party member cadres from the system, so that party member cadres at all levels can always have a sense of fear and hardship, and truly be honest and self-disciplined, use their power for the public and work diligently for the people.

Comrade Deng Xiaoping once emphasized that "a good system can make bad people unable to run amok at will, and a bad system can make good people unable to do good things fully, and even go to the opposite side". Coincidentally, "Twenty Years of Zuo Zhuan Zhaogong" records that in 522 BC, Zheng Zichan, the ruling doctor of Zheng State, was seriously ill and said to his successor, Uncle You Ji: Only those with perfect virtue can make the people obey with leniency. Besides, nothing is more important than a strict political system. The fire is fierce, people are afraid when they see it, so few people get burned; Water is weak, people neglect to play with it, so many people are drowned, so it is difficult to take charge of political affairs and promote the road of reconciliation. Uncle Zi inherited his son's property and took charge of the national government at the beginning. Because he couldn't bear to implement strict decrees, he implemented the road of reconciliation. As a result, many thieves robbed people's property and lives in Zheng State. When Confucius later interpreted this historical fact, he quoted a poem from the Book of Songs, Elegance and People's Labor, saying that small evils should not be easily indulged. Only in this way can bad people be restrained, so that they can fear strict laws and not further run amok. According to reports, in 29, more than 1, cadres in party member were punished by different degrees of party discipline and political discipline. In 28, more than 13, cadres in party member were punished nationwide. Although the total number of people investigated showed a downward trend, every cadre in party member is a valuable asset of the party and the country. Every cadre in party member is a loss to the party, the country and the people. It is better to help supervise them to clean up after every cadre in party member is corrupted. Therefore, all relevant departments at all levels and the broad masses of the people should regard source supervision and prior supervision as the first responsibility of cherishing, caring for and caring for party member cadres. On the one hand, they should strictly warn and educate the minor problems with tendentiousness. On the other hand, they should ensure the inevitability and loss of illegal and criminal acts from institutional measures, prompting the broad masses of party member cadres to wake up the alarm bell, fear the law and discipline, be loyal to the people, guard against fear and self-discipline, and dare not, unwilling and unable to cross the red line.