train him to be a Mozart prodigy, so he forced him to learn violin and piano at the age of four and perform in public at the age of eight. Under the guidance of organist C.G. Neifei, Beethoven began to learn the works of German masters such as Bach, which made him truly understand German national music and gradually formed his own style.

After his loving mother died in 1787, Beethoven entered the prestigious family of Mrs. F.V. Browning in Bonn as a music teacher. There, he met many professors, literary artists and enlightened people in the government with progressive ideas and profound knowledge. They talked about art, philosophy and politics, so that young Beethoven began to be influenced by progressive thoughts, and initially

established an artistic view that art should serve kindness, justice and humanitarianism. At the age of 19, he was allowed to attend lectures at Bonn University, studying Kant's philosophical works and Guxi

La literature, where he was exposed to the enlightenment thought of the French bourgeois revolution, which had a great influence on his world outlook and artistic view. In 1792, Beethoven left < P > and settled in Vienna. In 1992, he studied composition with Haydn. Started publishing works in 1795. Around 18, Beethoven wrote the First Symphony.

This is one of Beethoven's works and the most classical of his nine symphonies. In 182, Beethoven composed the Second Symphony. From this symphony, we can see that Beethoven is trying to form a creative tendency to combine his own creation with the lofty ideal he pursues.

The completion of the Third Symphony (Hero) marks that Beethoven's creation has entered a new stage. This work, which was created in 184, has got rid of the influence of Haydn and Mozart, and is a great leap in both thought and art. This work absorbs the tone of French revolutionary music, and it blends with the feelings of the revolutionary era, laying a foundation for the heroic and mass style of Beethoven's music creation and the basic idea of "winning through struggle".

During p>182-1815, Beethoven was hit by various spirits, including ear diseases, but he still created a large number of musical works: symphony No.3 to symphony No.8

, violin concerto, piano concerto and overture, sonata, etc. These works had a far-reaching impact on the development of European music in the future.

After p>1815, Beethoven was completely deaf. He became withdrawn and irritable, but he did not lose heart. At this time, his music creation was thoughtful. The completion of the great

Ninth Symphony marks that Beethoven's creation has entered a new peak, showing that Beethoven's artistic thoughts are more profound, detailed and mature.

This work embodies Beethoven's ideal of "freedom, equality and fraternity" and "people all over the world unite and embrace together, and only through hard struggle can we get

real happiness".

On March 26th, 1827, Beethoven died in Vienna. On the day of burial, all schools were closed for mourning, and 2, people attended the funeral. His tombstone was engraved with the inscription of Austrian poet Glier Bache: "... When you stand in front of his coffin, it is not despair but a noble feeling that hangs over you; We

can only say to such a person as him that he has accomplished great things ... "

Beethoven's music, especially his symphonies. From these symphonies, we can learn about the development of symphonies from Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven to Schubert and Mendelssohn, as well as the basic thinking and mental outlook of Beethoven's creation. Beethoven's symphonies have completely inherited the excellent tradition of German music, and absorbed all kinds of achievements and heroic tones of French Revolution music. Therefore, his music has a distinct sense of the times. At the same time, he has absorbed the essence of German and Austrian national music, and his works have more obvious national characteristics.

Beethoven's symphonies are centered on heroes who express the revolutionary struggle, and he puts the theme of heroes in the first place in his symphony creation. From Beethoven's The Third Symphony

, the Fifth Symphony, the Sixth Symphony, the Seventh Symphony and the Ninth Symphony, we can see that these works depict the activities and thoughts of heroes, heroes and revolutionary struggles, heroes and nature, heroes and people, heroes and victories, heroes and their inner world from different

sides, and so on.

Beethoven's symphonies are mostly created in the form of extended sonatas. His creative ideas are broad, magnificent, profound, vivid and diverse, and he has achieved a high degree of unity in the handling of the musical form

. In his creation, he changed the minuet in the third movement of the original symphony into a scherzo, and applied the dramatic expression of victory over the contradictions and conflicts in the world through struggle in the opera to the symphony. In addition, in the creation of symphonies, Beethoven made bold innovations in orchestration, established the position of clarinet in the band, used four trombones in the ninth symphony, and so on, forming a novel style and starting a new field, fully expressing his inner

world with this innovative music form, reflecting the progressive trend of thought of society at that time, and turning the European classical music school into a European classical music school.

Appreciation of Beethoven's Works

1. The Fifth Symphony in C Minor (Destiny) (op.67)

The Fifth Symphony is one of the most philosophical and dramatic works of Beethoven's symphonies. As early as 184, when the Third Symphony was released, Beethoven had already conceived and created it, but he changed his plan and finished it first. In 187, the score of the Fifth Symphony was published. On December 22nd, 188, Beethoven performed the fifth and sixth symphonies for the first time at the Royal Theatre in Vienna.

The Fifth Symphony is another heroic and epic work after the Third Symphony. Beethoven called the theme of the first movement "Fate is knocking at the door", so later < P > people called it "Symphony of Fate". The theme of "fate" refers to the suffocating feudal society in Germany at that time, and Beethoven's "winning through struggle" refers to the transition from darkness to light, from struggling with suffering "fate" and fighting with feudal forces to joy and victory.

The Fifth Symphony is a representative work of Beethoven's artistic style. Its structure is rigorous and complete, its technique is concise and bright, its development is compact and balanced, and its theme image is fresh, bright and vivid. As a heroic symphony, its contradictions and conflicts, emotional opposition and tense drama are more concentrated, unified and sharper than previous works. The close internal relationship between the movements makes the whole song full of emotion and strong artistic appeal. This one-piece majestic verve represents Beethoven's artistic style. Someone once said, "Beethoven became a giant in this symphony."

The Fifth Symphony is divided into four movements.

Allegro passionately in the first movement, in 2/4 time and sonata form.

This piece of music shows a scene of struggle. Music symbolizes the overwhelming power of the people, which has launched a fierce impact on the dark forces. The powerful and dynamic four tones that appear at the beginning of Music 1

, that is, Beethoven called "fate" knocking on the door, which is the theme of the main part.

This theme is a musical image that impacts forward, which promotes the continuous development of music and also appears and develops in subsequent movements. This theme is passionate and powerful, with

an indomitable momentum, showing thrilling scenes of struggle and expressing Beethoven's strong will to challenge feudal forces with indignation

.

When all kinds of musical instruments are imitated in cycles, and a wave of tension is set off one after another, the horn plays a variant of destiny motivation, which expresses a kind of confidence to win

.

This is a connecting sentence, which leads to the second theme full of singing from the tense and majestic music scene in front. This is a lyrical melody, with a gentle and beautiful

clear tone, which expresses people's desire and pursuit of a happy life.

Here, the severe fate motivation retreats to the bass voice and appears in the form of accompaniment, which makes the gentle music have an uneasy color and promotes the continued development of music. Music

Finally, in a clear atmosphere, the presentation department ended with a decisive and enthusiastic sound.

After an expressive two-bar pause, with the appearance of destiny motivation and entering the development department, the music returned to an uneasy tone, and the arduous and fierce struggle began again

. At this time, the first theme is very active, it is endlessly repeated, the tonality is constantly changing, and the intensity is constantly strengthening, and then there is a clear and powerful horn-like second theme

. These two themes change and develop alternately in various ways, such as contrasting polyphony and frequent tone sandhi, which increases the unstable factors of music and makes music more < P > rich. Finally, the motive of fate broke in again and repeated with the strongest sound, forming a dramatic climax of the development department, and the music directly entered the reproduction department.

in the reproduction department, the scene of struggle in the presentation department reappears. Between the first theme and the connecting part, the oboe played a slow whining tone, and the < P > development of the first theme was suddenly interrupted. However, the excitement immediately resumed, and it was only when the second theme appeared that it calmed down a little. However, the struggle between light and darkness did not end, and it became more and more intense in the huge end. At this time, the momentum of music development is unstoppable, the sharp contrast of strength and the tense development of harmony form the climax of the whole movement < P >. At the end of the movement, the strong sound of the first theme motivation further depicts the heroic character of being brave in challenges and shows the people's strong confidence in defeating the dark forces.

the second movement: in ba minor, andante for a little faster, 3/8 time, and variations on two themes. This is a beautiful lyric poem, magnificent and brilliant, which is in contrast with the first movement. It embodies people's emotional world. After the battle, meditation and longing for a better ideal are intertwined, and finally it is transformed into firm determination.

At the beginning of the music, viola and cello played the first theme with the accompaniment of double bass plucked strings, which was deep, peaceful and beautiful, and contained profound strength and yearning for a better life

.

Then, clarinet and bassoon played the second theme with the calling for battle.

The tone of this theme is very close to the first theme, and it is related to the songs of the French Revolution. This is the heroic theme of the March style. At first, it was lyrical < P > and thoughtful. After it was transferred to C major and played by the whole band, it became a magnificent triumphant March, full of fiery vigor and inspiring people to move forward forever.

The development of music in the future is six different variations of these two themes. In these six variations, Beethoven used various techniques, such as different rhythm patterns, tonality conversion, and musical instrument change

, to show the hero's meditation after fierce struggle, his firm belief in overcoming darkness, and his energetic passion. For example, the first variation makes the music fluctuating and agitated with the continuous sixteenth notes of the first theme

.

The second variation appears continuously with 32 notes, which enhances the motivation and shows the hero's firm belief in overcoming darkness.

The last variation, like a hero's triumph, is full of heroic spirit and optimism. At the end of this movement, the first theme is simply unfolded, which shows

that you gain strength from deep thinking and are full of confidence in future victory.

the third movement: allegro in c minor, scherzo in 3/4 time. This movement is written in the form of a complex trilogy, and in tonality, it returns to the turbulent mood, like the arduous struggle < P > is still going on, which is the transition and transformation to the fourth movement. The main part consists of two contrasting themes. The first theme has two factors: the first factor is that the cello and the double bass play a rapid upward melody, which has the power to move forward, but it seems a little hesitant.

Another factor is the response sentence based on this, which is composed of a series of chords. It is calm, restrained, and shows anxiety.

After this theme was stated twice, the horn played a very active and horn-like new theme. The familiar rhythm enabled us to confirm that the theme of the first movement

appeared here in another image, which was dignified, steady and had the characteristics of a March.

Two sharply opposed themes with different temperaments appear in turn, showing the scenes of unrest and hard struggle, and each time they appear, they are more and more sharp and complex, and

they are full of dramatic effects.

in the middle part, the passionate German-Austrian folk dance music is the central theme, and it is changed from C minor to clear C major. The music adopts the contrast technique of polyphonic fugue and main melody harmony. The mood is warm and optimistic, first played by cello and double bass. Compared with the previous music, it has an unstoppable force, resulting in a surging trend. Table

shows that the people's power is getting higher and higher.

the third part is the dynamic reproduction part. The two themes in the first part are played in a weak voice for reproduction and development. The basic motivation rhythm of timpani percussion indicates that the spear

shield conflict continues, which is to accumulate the strength to prepare for the final sprint. Then, the first theme appeared softly, the music freely extended upward, the band's range expanded

, the intensity changed from weak to strong, the tonal color changed from dark to bright, and gradually developed into an unstoppable force, and the loud chords were introduced into the brilliant final movement.

The fourth movement: Allegro in 4/4 time, sonata form. The grand fourth movement is full of light and incomparable joy, and it is a warm scene to cheer for victory. The main theme of the

part of the movement consists of two parts. The first part begins with a magnificent triumphant March, with full and powerful chords and positive melody, which is played by the whole band.

In the second part, the mood of the music is consistent with the front, played by horn and woodwind instruments, with bright and soft timbre, and the rhythm and emotional joy of the March are full of singing.

The theme of the minor part is played by stringed instruments and based on G major. This is a happy dance music with a triplet rhythm, which is relaxed and ups and downs.

at the end of the presentation, a new melody associated with the presentation appears.

The development department is based on the extensive and active development of the second theme. The rising music, like an endless crowd, has merged into an ocean of joy. Near the climax < P >, the sound pattern of "fate" was inserted again.