2021.12.10
From the first volume of "Ye Shengtao Chinese Education Collection", we feel Mr. Ye Shengtao's profound thoughts, rigorous academic style, and diligent exploration and practice , respectable and lamentable. Mr. Ye Shengtao looked through the various shortcomings of Chinese language teaching and discovered the goals and true meaning of Chinese language teaching: to develop the habit of reading books, cultivate the ability to appreciate literature, and train writing skills.
Reading the content in the second volume of the book, I marveled at the sincerity and wisdom of the editor behind the editing of a book. From the selection of subject matter to the use of rhetoric and grammar, it was systematic and It also fully demonstrates the most innovative spirit and scientific value in Chinese textbooks. Next, I will read the relevant content in the second volume of the book and talk about my simple thoughts and gains.
1. Read "On the Editing of Literacy Textbooks"
People in the past did not pay much attention to literacy education. Some people entered literacy schools and ended the course before completing the course. Although some people have completed the course, they never deal with words after throwing away the textbooks, and gradually forget all the few words they have learned. This stems from my own lack of understanding and application of Chinese characters.
Mr. Ye Shengtao believes that in order to be able to apply the words he knows, he needs to do enough homework when editing literacy textbooks. First, use the selection and statistical method to make statistics from classics, newspapers and magazines, bookstall albums, or paper baskets in large and small offices, select the words that appear most frequently, and these words must be known, and organize them In the textbook.
Secondly, literacy is the same as making friends, it should be "knowing the face" and "knowing the heart". Language units are words one by one. Literacy is like making friends, one should "know both the face" and the "heart". To understand "character", we cannot start with "character" alone, but must combine it with "word", because the unit of language is a word and cannot be divided. To understand it, it must be understood as one meaning. Only by accumulating a certain amount of "words" can one be able to pick up books and newspapers and read them freely. Compilation of a good literacy textbook that may serve as study material. It turns out that you can’t be careless!
Mr. Ye Shengtao mentioned at the end of the article: For an illiterate person to hold a textbook in his hand, its significance is not only to learn a few words, but more importantly, to learn the language and accept new words and sentence patterns. . The words should not be separated from the words, the words should not be separated from the sentences, and the sentences should not be separated from the text. The new words should be perceived, understood and mastered in the language environment, that is, specific texts.
It can be seen that the editing of textbooks as learning materials should be careful and rigorous, starting from statistical words and sentence patterns. For those who have obtained the Chinese language qualification and those who have obtained the qualification to write on paper, all sentence patterns should also be included. In the textbook, readers will be able to cope with it freely after reading the textbook and then reading modern books and newspapers, and the trouble of editing will be worth it.
2. Read "About "One Hundred and Eight Lessons of Chinese Language""
Read the annotation to know that "One Hundred and Eight Lessons of Chinese Language" is a Chinese textbook co-edited by Ye Shengtao and Xia Chengzun. After consulting the information, I learned that "One Hundred and Eight Lessons in Chinese Language" was a junior high school Chinese textbook published in 1935. It was discontinued due to the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War and only 4 volumes were published. This incomplete "Hundred and Eight Lessons" became the most innovative and scientifically valuable set of middle school Chinese textbooks among many middle school Chinese textbooks in the 1930s, and had the greatest influence on subsequent generations.
"One Hundred and Eight Chinese Lessons" organizes teaching materials in units of "lessons". Each lesson is a unit and has specific teaching objectives. Each lesson consists of a "text", two selected texts, a grammar or rhetoric piece and a number of "questions and exercises". Each semester uses one volume and teaches 18 lessons. A complete set of 6 volumes with 108 lessons, so it is named "One Hundred and Eight Lessons of Chinese Language".
Mr. Ye Shengtao said that "One Hundred and Eight Lessons in Chinese Language" is a book that focuses on the form of articles. They advocate that the goal of learning Chinese language should focus on the exploration of form, and at the same time advocate that the scope of materials should be broadened and eloquently expressed. Although interesting materials are selected, sporadic notes, rules one by one, simple and dry scientific techniques, etc. are also selected.
"One Hundred and Eight Lessons on Chinese Language" is compiled based on the actual needs and receptive abilities of Chinese language among middle school students. The selection of articles is not biased towards a certain genre or writer. The content also pays attention to the form. The article structure, sentence format, writing techniques, appreciation methods, etc. are explored in detail. Especially practical texts, which were not included in most Chinese textbooks at that time, but this material is included in this book. Due to the editor's intentions, the scientific nature of Chinese language teaching has been improved to a certain extent.
The scientific system formed by the two editors in long-term research and practice in Chinese teaching as reflected in "One Hundred and Eight Lessons of Chinese Language" was not only valued and praised by the educational circles from the beginning, but also later became a key factor in the teaching of Chinese language in middle schools. The writing of textbooks had a profound impact. I think it is a good book that is lively and thoughtful, and explains everything in a simple way.
3. Read "Talking about Chinese Language Textbooks"
"Chinese textbooks are nothing more than examples. Based on these examples, students can draw inferences and develop proficiency in reading and composition." Mr. Ye Shengtao These famous educational quotes are often quoted by our Chinese teachers or teaching researchers to explain their own views. Well, in this article, Mr. Ye Shengtao proposed that "Chinese textbooks are just examples" and concluded that Chinese textbooks are not the end point.
Starting from Chinese textbooks, the purpose is to read other books. The improvement of ability depends on training, and the maintenance of ability depends on familiarity. Chinese textbooks require intensive reading. Saying that textbooks are examples does not necessarily mean that the attitude towards Chinese textbooks is contemptuous or neglectful. Rather, it is about studying, thinking, and summarizing some knowledge of Chinese subjects one by one.
The selection of articles in Chinese textbooks is based on the perspective of cultivating people with moral integrity, building souls, enlightening wisdom and nourishing the heart. We also consider the "quality" of the articles themselves. According to the words of Professor Wen Rumin, the chief editor of Chinese textbooks To put it simply, it is necessary to have both “literary quality and beauty”. “The selection of articles should not only highlight classics, but also take into account the contemporary nature. We should also pay attention to selecting works with high ideological style, beautiful language form, worthy of reading and emphasizing the diversity of genres. "To achieve the above goals, we need to extensively solicit opinions from experts in various fields to demonstrate the accuracy and historical authenticity of the text content and whether it conforms to scientific common sense. After repeated discussions and deliberation, we can finally make a decision. Come down.
Chinese textbooks are a basis and a basis, but they are not everything in Chinese learning. Chinese education is both instrumental and humanistic, and carries the mission of inheriting China’s excellent traditional culture and educating socialist core values. Therefore, Chinese language learning must be based on "drawing inferences from one example", learning one example to understand a category, and moving from Chinese textbooks to a broader Chinese world. Therefore, Chinese language teachers should pay attention to the teaching materials, understand the teaching materials thoroughly without being limited to the teaching materials, and go beyond the teaching materials. This puts forward high requirements on the professional quality of teachers, which is what we often say to teach with teaching materials instead of teaching with teaching materials.
Mr. Ye Shengtao said that Chinese textbooks are like a key. With this key, you can develop an unlimited library, that is, all kinds of books. When we gradually develop the habit of reading extensively, our Chinese literacy and reading habits are established, won’t we benefit from it throughout our lives?
To be honest, I had to read this part of the second series. I felt a little confused the first time and couldn't understand it at all. I didn’t quite understand the terms such as editing gist and editing examples. After reading it carefully, I realized that the editors of Chinese textbooks, represented by Mr. Ye Shengtao, have put in a lot of hard work behind their backs. The review of each textbook all condenses these valuable elements. Respected language expert’s wisdom. I am very grateful that we live in this wonderful era. The Chinese teaching materials are perfect in all aspects, so that we don’t have to worry about getting lost, and we can draw the power of life from the texts recommended by many Chinese experts. How happy and lucky we are!
Mr. Ye Shengtao’s educational thoughts are broad and profound and still have very important guiding significance in promoting the reform of education and teaching in primary and secondary schools. Teachers are always the height of our admiration and the direction of our teaching. Let us continue to savor the words of Mr. Ye Shengtao's collection of Chinese education, feel his profound thoughts, enlighten ourselves, and lead students to a deeper and broader cultural world.