1# Learning is a necessary means for individual survival, and animals and people cannot do without learning. Learning is a necessary condition for animals and people to keep balance with the environment, maintain their survival and development, and also a means to adapt to the environment. In order to survive and continue the population in the acquired environment, animals must first rely on the innate population instinct behavior, but this innate instinct can only adapt to the relatively fixed or small and slow external environment. In order to survive, animals and people must also gain individual experience through learning. This acquired behavioral experience can adapt to relatively rapid changes, and its significance is obviously much more important than innate instinct. For example, a lamb keeps learning from its mother, knowing where to find abundant food and how to avoid being chased by wolves. If lambs don't study, they can't adapt to the changing external environment and survive. However, the role and importance of learning in individual life are very different among various animals. The higher an animal is, the more complicated its lifestyle is, the less the role of instinctive behavior is, and the greater the importance of learning is. In lower animals, there are few behaviors and the speed of acquisition is very slow, so learning can be said to have little impact on their lives. For example, after the birth of protozoa, most of the actions in their lives have already appeared, and most of the reactions needed the day after tomorrow have already been met. Their learning ability is very low, and the time to keep experience is very short, so the result of learning has little influence on their lives. Man is the tallest animal, with an extremely complicated lifestyle and the most unstable instinctive behavior. Most human behaviors are acquired, and the ability to learn and the role of learning in human individual life are bound to be the greatest. Compared with newborn animals, the independence and innate adaptability of human infants are relatively low. It can be said that babies can't survive without the support of their parents. However, human beings have incomparable learning ability, and can adapt to the environment quickly and widely through learning. For example, growing grain, obtaining food, and relying on learning; Defeating natural enemies such as poisonous snakes and beasts, and dealing with the terrible plague will not be completely annihilated, but also depends on learning. Generally speaking, compared with other animals in nature, such as lions, tigers and even sparrows, people are at a disadvantage in many ways. People can become the spirit of all things through learning. There is a famous saying abroad, which is called "no learning, no skill". 1972, the Commission for International Education Development of UNESCO published a famous research report "Learn to survive", which directly linked learning with survival, showing the importance of learning to human survival. Pan Wei, a famous psychologist in China, defines human learning as the process of consciously and actively mastering social and personal experiences through language in social practice. This definition shows that human learning needs individual conscious action, active participation and active acquisition; The absorbed content can be knowledge, skills and wisdom; The scope of learning can be the whole society or individuals. Without consciousness, initiative and enthusiasm, there will be no learning behavior. In a sense, your enrollment does not mean that you are enrolled. +2# learning can promote people's maturity. With the growth of age, people's physiology and psychology will gradually mature. But maturity is not a purely natural process completely divorced from the influence of environment and learning. The influence of learning on maturity is first supported by animal psychology research. In recent twenty or thirty years, many psychologists have found that the environmental richness of animals, especially newborn animals, can affect the development and maturity of animal senses, as well as the weight, structure and chemical composition of the brain, thus affecting the development of wisdom. D krech (1966) divided the young rats into three groups: the first group was given abundant stimulation, which made its response more and more complicated; Let the second group live a normal life in the cage; The third group was completely isolated from environmental stimuli. After 80 days, three groups of young rats were dissected and compared. The results show that the first group is the best and the third group is the worst in terms of the weight and density of cerebral cortex. The three groups also showed significant differences in acetylcholinesterase, which is closely related to nerve impulse transmission. The first group is the richest, the second group is the second, and the third group is the least. Rosencssveig (M.R. Rosenzweig, 1972) also found that within 4- 10 weeks, the weight and thickness of cerebral cortex, the number of glial cells, the number of synapses and the content of acetylcholinesterase in the former group were higher than those in the other group with monotonous environment and lack of learning and training. Regarding the influence of human learning on maturity, J Piaget (1969), a famous Swiss child psychologist, believes that children's maturity must be promoted through skill practice. He also said: "As children grow older, the importance of natural and social environmental influences will increase." White's experimental study on hand-eye coordination of newborn babies shows that learning and training can promote maturity. White found that trained babies can hold the object in front of them with their hands up at an average of 3.5 months, and their eye-hand coordination is equivalent to that of untrained babies for 5 months. This shows that learning and training promote maturity, and learning promotes the development of potential and the improvement of ability. Some scholars' research shows that in the four or five years after the baby is born, in addition to nutritional conditions, lack of proper study and training or improper education will also bring adverse effects on the development of the brain. Some people study the cerebral cortex of deaf-mute people after death, and find that the part that controls the audio-visual organs has a shrinking trend; After testing the congenital blind, it is found that their eye movements are irregular, and it is difficult to concentrate on one point, and it is difficult to accurately distinguish between circles and squares. Kamala, an Indian wolf child, was about seven or eight years old when he returned to human society, but his intelligence level was only equivalent to that of a six-month-old baby. She was about 16 years old when she died, which may only be equivalent to the intelligence level of a child of three or four years old. These studies and facts show that early study, training and the corresponding cultural environment have certain influence on the development of human sensory organs, brain and other physical functions. Accordingly, help for children should be based on their maturity, and we can't wait for them to mature. Appropriate learning content, reasonable training methods and educational methods should be combined at appropriate "growing points" to promote their physical and mental maturity. +3# learning can improve people's quality and cultural accomplishment. In the process of social and historical development, human beings have created a lot of material culture and spiritual culture. Especially in spiritual and cultural achievements, such as literature, art, education and science. We need to acquire them through study in order to improve our cultural quality. People who lack certain cultural literacy can't be considered as truly sound people, and the new talents in modern society must be people with higher cultural literacy. Learning can optimize people's psychological quality. New talents in modern society should have many good psychological qualities, such as noble character, extraordinary temperament, dedication, single-minded personality and perseverance, and so on. These can be achieved through learning. As Thackeray said, "Reading can enlighten the soul, perfect and strengthen personality, stimulate people's good wishes, increase people's intelligence and cultivate people's hearts." [Edit this paragraph] V. Learning is the bridge and link for the continuation and development of civilization. Morgan, a famous American ethnologist and primitive social historian, believes that the history of human society can be summarized into three eras, namely, the age of ignorance, the age of barbarism and the age of civilization. In the age of ignorance, human beings lived in tropical or subtropical forests for generations, feeding on wild fruits and plant roots, and a few lived in trees. With the change of the earth's crust and climate, human beings have to move from trees to the ground, and learn survival skills such as eating fish, using fire, making stone tools, using bows and arrows, and grinding stone tools. In the barbaric times, humans learned to make pottery, domesticate and breed animals and plant plants. In the later period of this era, he also learned to smelt iron ore and invented characters, thus making human history transition to civilized times. From this point of view, the continuation and development of human civilization is like a grand and protracted relay race: the previous generation gained the experience of maintaining survival and development through labor and life, constantly summed up, accumulated and improved, formed knowledge and skills and passed them on to future generations; The younger generation will further enrich and improve on the basis of learning the experience of predecessors to adapt to the changes of the times and environment. This has been handed down from generation to generation, forming a history of continuous development of human civilization. Obviously, people in barbaric times can only live like their ancestors if they don't learn to use fire from generation to generation; If people in civilized times don't learn animal husbandry and agriculture from their ancestors, they can only live on ready-made natural products like their distant ancestors. In addition, it is worth noting that due to the accelerated development of human civilization in a sense, the role of learning activities in human society is more obvious.