Yi Yangzhou

Tang Dynasty: Xu Ning

Xiao niáng Lián bán n n shèng lèI，táo yèméI Jiān yédéchóu .

Xiao Niang is sallow and emaciated, but tears are hard to overcome, and peach leaves are easy to worry about.

The sky is not bright and the ground is not bright.

The glory of the land is three points, lovely Yangzhou, and you actually accounted for two points.

Appreciate:

Recalling Yangzhou is a nostalgic work, but its title is unclear and nostalgic. The poet did not focus on describing the pleasant scenery of this "green castle", but recalled the special feelings of the day with endless hatred. What he wrote was not a person's eager homesickness, but the different voices of people far away. In the past, the feelings of distant people were heavy, showing the poet's own feelings. This is a deeper way of writing.

The first two sentences, "Little Niang's face is thin and difficult to overcome tears, and peach leaves are easy to grieve", wrote the parting scene of the day. The so-called "brief encounter", "little girl" and "peach leaf" all refer to what they think; "Frowning" and "tearful eyes" seem to be repetitive, but using a word "difficult" and a word "easy" to express them not only does not appear cumbersome, but has the feeling of repeated lingering and infinite nostalgia. The sadness of that day, the tears of that day, and the painful mood of that day all caused endless thoughts after leaving.

The last two sentences "There is a moonlit night on earth, and the rogue is Yangzhou". At this moment of longing, the poet only felt that there was nowhere to tell his melancholy, so he looked up at the moon, and this month happened to be the month when Yangzhou took people away, which added more sorrow. Although time has diluted the bitterness of the day, it has cut off the lingering thoughts. This state of mind that can't be untied has nothing to do with the bright moon, but it once shone on people's tears as if it had feelings for them. After leaving, it just shone on sad people, looking very cold and disgusting. The poet looked up at the moon in the middle of the night, originally trying to get rid of this melancholy, but he didn't expect the moonlight to haunt people again, so he called it "the moon hooligan." The word "rogue" originally had a double meaning of praise and criticism. Here, I complain because the bright moon is annoying. However, later generations took the novel image of the bright moon in Yangzhou as a vivid epigram to describe jathyapple in Yangzhou, thus leaving the poet's original intention. At this time, the word "rogue" has become another name for love. This is also an example that the image is sometimes greater than the author's idea.

At the end of the ancient quatrains, sometimes a method called "wave away" often produces an effect of "endless meaning". The difference of this poem is that the fourth sentence is useless and the third sentence has been "thrown away". Say frown, say tears, although the author has unfinished feelings, there is no need to add others, so suddenly he took a bright moon to write helpless modality, which reflected the danger of conception. These two sentences seem to cut the whole poem into two paragraphs, but they actually want to stop. In the title, the word "memory" is used to connect the whole poem, which is still a "special taste" of "cutting constantly and confusing" Originally, the moonlight shone all over the world, and Yangzhou was not favored. And the charm of Yangzhou is not only in the moonlight. Poetry is vivid, sometimes seemingly counterintuitive, but it can go deep into the bone marrow of things. The fantasy of "three points" and "hooligans" also has its origin and influence. The Analects of Confucius said: "There are two things in the world that should be diligently served." However, this is a compliment to Zhou Wenwang, without any poetry. Xie Lingyun said, "There is only one stone in the world, and Cao Zijian has eight buckets. I have to fight, and the world is divided into one battle. " The "two thirds" in Xu Ning's poems is not only poetic, but also novel. These figures are not common sense, but they have a strong artistic effect, which fascinates future generations with Yangzhou, and "Two Bright Moon" has become synonymous with Yangzhou. Since then, Su Shi, a poet in the Song Dynasty, has not been inferior in "three points for spring scenery, two points for dust and one point for water". As for the "moonlight hooligan", later generations such as Wang Anshi "spring is annoying, I can't sleep, and the moon moves the railing", which means using the same handwriting.

The poet wrote the bright moon in Yangzhou to the point of ecstasy, and decorated Yangzhou with the "bright moon" of "hooligans", which coincides with the title of "Remembering Yangzhou" and makes people yearn for the beauty of Yangzhou. This may be the poet's intentional arrangement, and the effect of this bold artistic conception is amazing.