1945 On May 8, the day when fascist Germany announced its unconditional surrender, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill called Stalin and expressed his hope that after defeating the Nazi tyrant, he would "walk together on a victorious and peaceful sunshine avenue".

Churchill said in his memoirs that there was a "broad friendly atmosphere" between the West and the Soviet Union. However, it was in this "friendly atmosphere" that Churchill called US President Truman on May 12, saying that he was "very worried about the situation in Europe". He said that Russia "misinterpreted Yalta's decision, their attitude towards Poland, their overwhelming strength in Balkan countries except Greece ... and their tactics in many other countries, especially their ability to maintain huge military strength in vast areas for a long time. ..... they will pull down the iron curtain in the border area. "

Nearly 10 months later,1March 5, 946, Churchill gave a speech in Fulton, Missouri, USA. One sentence was later widely quoted: "From Szczecin in the Baltic Sea to Trieste in the Adriatic Sea, an iron curtain has fallen across the European continent. Behind this line is the capital of ancient countries in Central and Eastern Europe. Warsaw, Berlin, Prague, Vienna, Budapest, Belgrade, Bucharest and Sofia-all these famous cities and their residents are within the sphere of influence of the Soviet Union ... "

Fulton's speech openly and clearly signaled the cold war, indicating that western countries have begun to regard the Soviet Union as the greatest threat. Stalin hit back in a conversation on March 13, saying that Churchill "tried to sow the seeds of disputes among allies" and "called for war with the Soviet Union".