Greek mathematician Euclid. Born about 330 BC, he died in 260 BC.

Euclid was one of the most famous and influential mathematicians in ancient Greece. He is a member of the Alexandria school. Euclid wrote a book called "The Original" * * *, 13. This work has a great influence on the future development of geometry, mathematics and science, and on the whole thinking method of westerners. The main object of Geometry Elements is geometry, but it also involves other topics such as number theory and irrational number theory. Euclid used the axiomatic method. Axioms are some basic propositions that do not need to be proved, and all theorems are derived from them. In this deductive reasoning, every proof must be based on axioms or theorems that have been proved. This method later became a model of establishing any knowledge system, and for almost 2000 years, it was regarded as a model of rigorous thinking that must be followed. The Elements of Geometry is the pinnacle of the development of ancient Greek mathematics.

Euclid (activity about 300-)

Ancient Greek mathematician. He is famous for his Elements of Geometry. Little is known about his life now. I probably studied in Athens in my early years and I know Plato's theory very well. Around 300 BC, he came to Alexandria at the invitation of Ptolemy (364-283 BC) and worked there for a long time. He is a gentle and honest educator. He always persuades people who are interested in mathematics. However, we are opposed to the style of refusing to study hard and being opportunistic, and we are also opposed to narrow and practical views. According to Proclus (about 4 10 ~ 485), King Ptolemy once asked Euclid if there were any other shortcuts to learn geometry besides his Elements. Euclid replied, "In geometry, there is no paved road for kings." This sentence later became an eternal learning motto. Stobeus (about 500) told another story, saying that a student had just started to learn the first proposition and asked Euclid what he would get after learning geometry. Euclid said: Give him three coins because he wants to get real benefits from his study.

Euclid arranged the rich achievements accumulated in Greek geometry since the 7th century BC in a strict logical system, making geometry an independent and deductive science. Besides the Elements of Geometry, he has many other works, but most of them have been lost. Known Numbers is the only Greek work except the original among his pure geometry works. Its style is similar to the first six volumes of the original work, and it contains 94 propositions. It has been pointed out that if some elements in a graph are known, others can be determined. Graphics are divided into existing Latin texts and Arabic texts. This paper discusses dividing known figures into equal parts or equal parts by straight lines. Optics is one of the early works of geometric optics. It studies perspective, stating that the incident angle of light is equal to the reflection angle, and that vision is the result of light reaching the object from the eyes. There are still some works that are not sure whether they belong to Euclid or not, and have been lost.

Euclid's Elements of Geometry contains 23 definitions, 5 axioms and 5 postulates, from which 48 propositions are derived.