Imitation sentence is to write a new sentence similar to it according to the form of a sentence with a given topic. Parody is only sentence imitation, and the text content can't be exactly the same. As long as it is an imitated sentence form, whether it is a single sentence or a complex sentence, it is included in the imitated sentence.

Second, the characteristics of parody:

Sentence pattern is the way of sentence structure. Students can understand sentence patterns from two angles. The first is the category of sentences: sentences include simple sentences and complex sentences; Simple sentences have non-subject-predicate sentences and subject-predicate sentences, and complex sentences have many types. Second, from the rhetorical point of view, we should study which sentence can best express our thoughts and feelings, and the expression effect is more convincing and infectious. Studying sentence patterns from the category of sentences is to analyze the static harm of language phenomena, emphasize knowledge and understanding, and mainly solve the problem of how to make language express correctly. Studying sentence patterns from the perspective of rhetoric is a dynamic analysis of language phenomena, focusing on application, and mainly solving the problem of how to make language expression vivid, vivid and powerful.

Third, the knowledge points of the imitation exam:

1. Examine students' comprehensive application of grammar, rhetoric and other knowledge, and ask students to write sentences with the same or similar content and form and closely related meanings according to different contexts and requirements.

For example, life is a colorful palette. I hope it is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

[Analysis] This question is a declarative sentence in terms of sentence structure. Metaphor is used in rhetoric. Students should pay attention to the proper use of metaphors. The art of metaphor lies in innovation. They should look for fresh and lively metaphors and keep the context harmonious. Hope is a star that never falls. Hope is a lamp that never goes out.

2. Test students' language expression ability, association ability, imagination and innovative thinking ability.

For example, what is the ideal age? What kind of brain is the cleverest? What kind of life is the best? What kind of youth is the brightest? Flowers say how charming I am when I am open; The moon said, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _; Haiyan said, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. The sun says, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

[Analysis] This is a question-and-answer spoof. The anthropomorphic rhetoric is used in the answer, which requires the world to give a targeted answer and has a certain openness. However, when solving problems, we should pay attention to the characteristics of the respondents. Such as: my pure heart has how bright; The life I am fighting for is extremely beautiful; My burning youth is brilliant.

3. It is a test of students' ideological level, including moral quality, aesthetic consciousness, aesthetic taste, and even world outlook, outlook on life and values. .

For example, the meaning of life lies in giving, not taking. If you are a big tree, cast a shadow; If you are a clear spring, you will nourish one side of the land; _________________________________________________ ,________________________,_________________ 。

[Analysis] This question is both a continuation and an imitation. Ask students to analyze and taste the sentences carefully and try to understand the meaning in the sentences. Besides grasping sentence patterns (if) and rhetoric (metaphor, parallelism), we should also pay special attention to the ideological content (dedication) contained in the sentence. It is necessary to write philosophical sentences and inspire people to establish a correct outlook on life with the help of their own feelings.

Fourth, the problem-solving ideas:

From the above test sites, students can understand that it is difficult to make sentences by imitating example sentences. To answer this question well, we should start from several aspects:

1, review the questions and make clear the imitation content. Find out the explicit information or implicit information in the example sentences. However, some students always feel that the topic is only a few words, and there is nothing to judge. I can recite it at a glance. As everyone knows, memorizing it does not mean that you can judge clearly. Another situation is that some students seem to understand in their hearts, but they can't effectively reflect in their answers, which can be described as "knowing in their hearts and having nothing in their hands". In order to truly make explicit requirements clear, we can decompose the requirements of the stem item by item, write each point on the draft paper and mark it with serial number; Or gently mark the serial number on the stem with a pencil. We can decompose three clear requirements: ① adding a suitable subject; ② The meaning of this sentence is closely related to the next sentence; ③ The sentence patterns are basically the same. When checking the answers, we should ask ourselves: Is there a subject? Is the topic appropriate? Is it closely related to the next sentence? Are the sentences consistent? ) A parody is correct only if it meets these three requirements. The content implied by implicit information can only be obtained through the comprehensive analysis of examples. Implicit demand is also very complicated. However, no matter how the example changes, we can generally consider its implicit requirements from the following aspects: whether the example is a single sentence or a complex sentence, a declarative sentence or a interrogative sentence, a whole sentence or a scattered sentence, an affirmative sentence or a negative sentence, a long sentence or a short sentence; Look at the logical relationship between the structure of phrases in a single sentence and clauses in a complex sentence; Look at the style, color and emotional tone; Look at the keywords and so on. Students should attach great importance to the analysis of implicit requirements.

2. Find all the imitation points and determine the object of the statement.

(1), sentence pattern: Different sentence patterns, different moods, and different expression effects.

Besides "modal sentences" (declarative sentences, interrogative sentences, imperative sentences, exclamatory sentences), the research contents in this area should also include special word order, active sentences, passive sentences, affirmative sentences, negative sentences, serial sentences, concurrent sentences, prompt sentences, summary sentences, etc. to prevent "out of shape". Wait a minute. In the imitation of complex sentences, there are hypothetical sentences, causal sentences, conditional sentences and turning sentences. Is to focus on the whole sentence. If it is a complex sentence, the parody sentence should also be a complex sentence, and the complex sentence relationships such as hypothesis, causality, progression and juxtaposition should also be consistent; If it is a single sentence, the parody sentence should also be a single sentence, with the subject, predicate, object, definite, form and complement in the same position.

(2) Rhetorical perspective: This kind of question type often requires the consistency of rhetoric, requiring students to correctly understand and skillfully use eight commonly used rhetoric. These eight figures of speech are metaphor, analogy, parallelism, rhetorical question, antithesis, metonymy, rhetorical question and exaggeration. Improper use of rhetoric will be "nine Niu Yi hairs, a thousand miles away." In junior high school, students should master figurative sentences, parallelism sentences, contrast sentences, antithesis sentences and other forms. The requirements of figurative sentences are ontology and metaphor, similarity, appropriateness, popularity and image; The requirement of parallelism sentence is to pay attention to similar structure, coherent meaning and consistent tone.

(3) color perspective: for example, the main content of the example of 1994 national college entrance examination is "through the ages, outstanding people who have made great efforts in history have created brilliant achievements in their careers." Emotionally, this sentence is full of praise. Moreover, most parody sentences are philosophical or suggestive, which requires students to first understand or comprehend the philosophy contained in them, grasp the meaning of context, and prevent parody from "following the crowd and being biased".

[Example analysis]: Money can buy delicacies, but it can't buy appetite; Money can buy books, but not knowledge; _________,____________________; _____________________,___________________________。 To imitate this kind of sentence, formally, it must be the same as the example sentence. Two positive and negative sentences form a turning complex sentence, and several complex sentences must form a parallelism sentence. Semantically, what can be bought is tangible, tangible and material, and what cannot be bought is intangible, abstract and spiritual. When copying, we should pay attention to analyzing these implied information. For example, money can buy medicine, but not health; Money can buy fashion, but not beauty; Money can buy friends, but it can't buy friendship. Money can buy beautiful glasses, but not bright eyes. Money can buy high-end pens, but it can't buy agile writing. Money can buy fragrant roses, but not true love. Money can buy expensive basketball, but it can't buy superb skills. Money can buy an accurate clock, but it can't buy elapsed time.

Fifth, try to imitate writing.

Have the students noticed the types of parody sentences? Now we know that imitation test questions are often comprehensive. What are the forms?

1, applied imitation writing

Test requirements: write a sentence in the form of an example sentence, and the content is self-determined.

Example: People like autumn. They like clear skies, clear clouds and fragrant flowers.

Imitation sentence: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

[Analysis]: To do this kind of test questions, we must first make clear the meaning of the questions, identify the rhetorical devices used in the example sentences, and then apply them directly. From the content, three characteristics of autumn are written; Syntactically, the rhetorical device of parallelism is adopted. Therefore, the parody of this topic focuses on the selection of parody content, and its sentence pattern can be directly applied with example sentences. The choice of content can be scenery, people or things, and the key is to grasp its characteristics. For example, people love spring, her beautiful weather, her flowers, her rain and everything.

2. Continuous imitation writing

Test requirements: imitate the following sentences, continue to write one sentence, and form a coherent parallel sentence with the underlined two sentences.

Example: without imagination, thinking is like a flower without nutrition; Without imagination, thinking is like a bird with broken wings; If there is no imagination, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. ?

[Analysis]: This question is both a continuation and an imitation. Ask students to analyze and taste the sentences carefully and try to understand the meaning in the sentences. In addition to grasping the sentence pattern (if ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… It is necessary to write philosophical sentences and inspire people to establish a correct outlook on life with the help of their own feelings. Without imagination, thinking is like a fish leaving the ocean.

Step 3 make sentences to imitate

Test requirements: imitate the following sentences. Write another set of sentences, asking for a new ontology and carrier.

Example: What is adaptation? Adapted from pine trees dancing in the wind on the cliff of Mount Tai, wintersweet blooming proudly in winter, and petrel flying proudly in lightning and thunder.

Imitation sentence: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _? _____________________,____________________, ____________________。

[Analysis]: At first glance, this question seems to give students a lot of room for imitation, but after careful scrutiny, we will find that we should pay strict attention to the sentence features and rhetorical features of example sentences, which are composed of rhetorical questions and metaphors. And new themes and tools need to be re-selected. There is no language material provided in the title, only the content or form requirements; Or provide language material, but the content is customized. Students should pay attention to solving problems. What is friendship? Friendship is a bond connecting emotions, a bridge to communicate with each other, a good medicine to resolve contradictions, and a torch to forge ahead in unity.

4. Embedded imitation writing

For example, friendship is a useful savings in life. This kind of savings is to help each other in difficulties. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

[Analysis]: From the point of view of the types of questions, written sentences sandwiched between the materials provided generally limit the thinking space of sentence expression, and require proper collocation with the previous and subsequent sentences, and the previous and subsequent sentences should be consistent. For example, it is a sincere help when you fall, and a spring breeze to wipe away your tears when you are in pain.

5, proposition imitation:

For example, the following sentence is written as "hypocrisy". Direct expression, concise, please choose a word from "friendship", "courage" and "trust" and copy a sentence. (College Entrance Examination in 2000)

Hypocrisy and fraud produce evil. ([America] Edison) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

[Analysis]: This kind of topic has no context, and it is not necessary to consider the context of the meaning content, but only the sentence pattern and meaning relationship of the sentence itself. It is often to set a language material and then make a proposition to determine the content. Corresponding exercise: Please use a topic, such as "time", "money" and "friends", and write a paragraph according to the following sentences.

A summary of the main points of intransitive verbs

1. Try to change from "image" to "image". Similarity: the same or similar in structure, rhetoric and related words. Spirit likeness: context fit, elegant style, healthy thinking, encouraging innovation.

2. Give the imitated sentence "physical examination". See if the choice is wrong and whether it is consistent with the original content, sentence pattern and rhetoric. Whether it can be related to the original meaning, context and integration.

3. The language style should be elegant. The answers to parody sentences are rich and colorful, but if students are not correct in reviewing the questions, they will show negative and pessimistic emotions and have a tired attitude towards life. Show pessimistic thoughts and reflect the lack of human nature. Some even rebel blindly and write strange theories about biased judgment standards. Because the ideological style is not high, or even wrong, which reduces the taste of parody, it is difficult to get the ideal score even if the expression is smooth.

[example analysis]: imitate the example "money can buy delicious food, but it can't buy good taste; You can buy books, but you can't buy knowledge. "Rewrite two sentences. Some students wrote: "money can buy beautiful women, but it can't buy hearts;" "You can buy a mansion, but you can't buy happiness. Money can buy mistresses, but it can't buy marriage; You can buy expensive gifts, but you can't buy sincerity. "

There are many similar examples, too numerous to mention. These examples basically meet the requirements in the form of language expression, but it is not difficult to see the students' ideological problems through careful analysis. First, the thought is naive, the physical and mental development is extremely uncoordinated, and the ideological understanding lacks the depth it deserves. Not to mention inspiring and philosophical, it can't give people a beautiful edification and enjoyment. Second, there is a tendency of low interest, low style and low grade in thought. Obviously, it reflects the influence of various bad phenomena and bad atmosphere in today's society on the students' thoughts in the ivory tower. Although the content written is not completely wrong, it gives people the impression that the style is not high and the taste is not strong, which can not give people the edification and enjoyment of beauty.