Lu Xun, nickname Zhang, real name Zhang Shou, word Yushan, later renamed. 19 18 (in the seventh year of the Republic of China), when the first vernacular novel Diary of a Madman was published, it was written under the pseudonym "Lu Xun". 188 1 September 25th (the third day of August 7th in Guangxu), was born in Huiji County, Shaoxing, Zhejiang (now Shaoxing).
1. Youth
Lu Xun, 188 1 September 25th (the third day of August 7th in Guangxu), was born in Huiji County, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province (now Shaoxing). His grandfather Zhou was an official in Beijing and his father was a scholar. Lu Xun entered a private school at the age of seven, and turned to San Tan Yin Yue at the age of twelve, the strictest school in Shaoxing.
While receiving strict traditional culture education, young Lu Xun also likes to dabble in books such as unofficial history, notes and fairy tales. 1893 (19th year of Guangxu), when Lu Xun was thirteen years old, his grandfather was imprisoned for cheating in the examination room. The government took the opportunity to extort money, and his father was seriously ill, and Lu Xun's family fell from a well-off society to a difficult one.
In the process of family collapse, human feelings were cold and warm, and the world was cold, which made young Lu Xun begin to realize the hypocrisy and corruption of the upper class. During this period, Lu Xun once lived in his grandmother's house in the suburbs. There, he made many farmers' friends. This experience laid a solid foundation for him to create works with the theme of peasant life in the future.
2. The road to learning
1898 (the 24th year of Guangxu reign) In May, Lu Xun went to Nanjing to attend a school that didn't require tuition fees, entered Jiangnan Naval Academy, and was put into a management class. 165438+ 10 In October, Lu Xun left the Naval Academy and returned to his hometown to visit relatives. Take the exam in Huiji County at the end of the year.
However, Lu Xun was not interested in "fishing for fame" and did not take the government exam. In June 5438+10, he returned to Nanjing and joined the Mining and Metallurgy School affiliated to Jiangnan Lushi School. 1902 65438+ 10 month (the 28th year of Guangxu), graduated with the first class and the third place. During his study in Nanjing, Lu Xun was exposed to modern western ideas.
He loves The Times and Compilation of Translation Studies, works by Rousseau, Montesquieu and Spencer, and foreign novels translated by Lin Qinnan. The views of development and change in natural evolution, such as "natural selection" and "survival of the fittest", initially formed his social development view of early evolution.